What are the modes of transportation in the Ming Tombs (Dingling)?

Traffic Guide of the Ming Tombs (Dingling): Aviation

Beijing Capital International Airport is located in Shunyi District, northeast of Beijing, about 30 kilometers away from the urban area. Capital Airport is the first airport in China with three terminals, three runways and two towers. Among them, Terminal 3 is the largest single terminal in the world and the first Olympic non-competition venue put into operation.

Taxi: The starting price of taxis operated by Capital Airport is 10 yuan/3km, and then 2 yuan/km. After driving 15km, 50% idle driving fee will be charged for every kilometer. It takes about 80 yuan to get to the airport by taxi from downtown.

Airport bus: Line 2, Line 3, Line 4 15 minutes, and other lines run every 30 minutes. Tickets are available at the airport and all stations in the city. The fare is 16 yuan.

Airport Line 1: Capital Airport-Fangzhuang (Gui You Building), passing through Liangmaqiao, Baijiazhuang, Dabeiyao (Guomao), Panjiayuan and He Shili (Jing Rui Building), with the first bus at 6:00 and the last bus at19: 30; Fangzhuang-Capital Airport, passing through Dabeiyao

(China Southern Airlines Hotel), the first bus leaves at 7:30 and the last bus leaves at 22:30.

Airport Line 2: Capital Airport-Xidan (Civil Aviation Business Building), passing Sanyuanqiao, Dongzhimen and Dongsishitiao Bridge, with the first bus at 7:00 and the last bus ending on the same day; Xidan-Capital Airport, passing through Dongzhimen (50 meters east of the bridge), with the first bus at 5:30 and the last bus at 2 1:00.

Airport Line 3: Capital Airport-Beijing Railway Station, passing through Yuyang Hotel, Dongdaqiao (no stop after 22:30), Chaoyangmen and Yabao Road, with the first bus at 7:30 and the last bus ending on the same day; Beijing Railway Station-Capital Airport, passing through International Hotel (West Gate), Dongzhimen (50 meters east of the bridge) and Jingxin Building (West Gate), with the first bus at 5:30 and the last bus at 2 1:00.

Airport Line 4: Capital Airport-Gongzhufen (Xinxing Hotel), passing through the International Exhibition Center, Xibahe, Anzhen Bridge, Madian Bridge, Beitaizhuang, Jimen Bridge, Friendship Hotel, Beijing TV Station and Zizhu Bridge, with the first bus at 7:00 and the last bus at 23: 00; Gongzhufen-Capital Airport, passing through Friendship Hotel (North Gate Air Ticket Office), North Taiping Zhuang, Anzhen Building and Space Bridge, the first bus is at 5:30, and the last bus is at 2 1:00.

Airport Line 5: Capital Airport-Zhongguancun (Bridge 4), passing through Wangjing (Huajiadi), Xiaoying, Asian Games Village (Anhui Bridge) and Ponte dell'Accademia, with the first bus at 8:30 and the last bus at 21:30; Zhongguancun-Capital Airport, passing Beihang University (North Gate), Huixin West Street (Anhui Building) and Huixin East Street (China Petrochemical Group), the first bus is at 6:00, and the last bus is 19:30.

Airport Line 6: Nanyuan Airport-Xidan, passing through Fuhai Park, and the departure time is adjusted with the flight time.

Wangjing Special Line: Capital Airport-Wangjing (Civil Aviation Cadre Management College), passing through Huajiadi Beili, Nanhu Canal, West Exit of Wangjing Street and West Area of Wangjing Garden, with the first bus at 7:00 and the last bus at 23: 00; Wangjing-Capital Airport, passing through Wangjing Garden West, Wangjing Street West and Guang Shun Street North, with the first bus at 5:45 and the last bus at 20:45.

Direction of Tianjin: The departure time of Beijing Capital Airport is from 7:00 to 23: 00, and it runs every 30 minutes after 7: 00, 8:00 and 9:00, opposite to the bus stop 15; Tianjin runs every 30 minutes after 4:00 ~ 18: 00, 4:00, 5:00 and 6:00, and the bus stops at the intersection of Nanjing Road and Shanxi Road. Ticket price, 70 yuan.

Nanyuan Airport is located in Fengtai District, the southern suburb of Beijing, 5 km away from Tiananmen Square/KLOC-0, with a 4C-class runway. This is the first large-scale dual-use airport in Beijing. At present, the navigable cities are Wuxi, Jiamusi, Jingdezhen, Dalian, Harbin, Hailar, Chengdu and Hohhot.

Transportation: Take bus 13, 62, Yuntong 16+05, 6 10, 369, 353 and 953 and get off at the south exit of Xinhua Road.

railway

Beijing is the national railway hub, with six passenger train stations.

Beijing Railway Station is located at No.A 13, MAO house bay hutong, Dongcheng District, and can be reached by subway or bus. Beijing Railway Station is a national special railway passenger station, which mainly undertakes the passenger transport tasks of Jingshan, Qin Jing, Beijing-Shanghai, Jingcheng, Jingyuan and Baojing lines, and there are international and international combined passenger trains bound for Pyongyang, Ulaanbaatar and Moscow.

Beijing West Railway Station is located at Guanglian Road 19, Fengtai District. From downtown, you can take the subway 1 line and get off at the Military Museum Station. Beijing West Railway Station is also a special station, and the trains from here cover major cities in South China, Southwest China and Northwest China.

Beijing South Railway Station is located atNo. Yongwai 12, Chongwen District. It was put into operation in August 2008. Xinnan Station has become the most modern railway station in Beijing and the starting point of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway.

Beijing North Railway Station is Xizhimen Railway Station. Take Metro Line 2 and get off at Xizhimen Station. The railway station, designed and built by Zhan Tianyou, has been listed as a first-class cultural relic protection building in Beijing. The station mainly transports tourists to Badaling and Kangxi grasslands in the suburbs of Beijing.

Beijing East Railway Station, located at No.7 Baiziwan Road, Chaoyang District, is a freight-oriented passenger and freight station.

Fengtai Railway Station, located at No.4 Zhengyang Street, Fengtai District, is a comprehensive special station integrating passengers, goods, transportation and equipment.

highway

There are 12 national highways radiating from Beijing in all directions, which can reach Shenyang, Tianjin, Harbin, Guangzhou, Zhuhai, Nanjing, Fuzhou and Kunming respectively.

There are nine expressways in Beijing: Badaling Expressway, Capital Airport Expressway, Shen Jing Expressway, Jingjintang Expressway, Shi Jing Expressway, Zhangjing Expressway, Jingcheng Expressway, Jingha Expressway and Jingkai Expressway.

There is a 19 coach station in Beijing.

Beijing has now opened direct passenger transportation to Benxi and Liaoyang expressways. Both lines run on the Beijing-Shenyang Expressway, and meals are provided free of charge on the way. The total length of Benxi line is 820km, and the fare is 195 yuan, which runs every day. 10: 30am departs from Bawangfen Long-distance Bus Terminal (partially departs from Sihui Station), and Benxi Bus Terminal returns at 20: 00am. The total length of Liaoyang Line is 700km, and the fare is 170 yuan. It also runs every day. Depart from Bawangfen long-distance bus terminal at 1 1:00 in the morning and return to Liaoyang bus terminal at 22:00.

bus

The unified fare for urban buses is 1 yuan, and the starting price for suburban buses is 1 yuan. According to the distance, the fare will be charged according to 0.5 yuan or 1 yuan, and the fare of air-conditioned cars is more expensive than that of ordinary cars. It is recommended to apply for a bus card, which has great discount and convenient use.

Bus card: According to the regulations of Beijing Municipal Government, anyone who swipes a card will enjoy a 60% discount on the ticket, and students can apply for a student card with their student ID card, with a 20% discount on the fare. It can be handled in subway stations, some bus hubs and big shopping malls, and the deposit is 20 yuan. (Both the subway window of Beijing Railway Station and the bus hub of Beijing West Railway Station can be handled, and the acceptance point will get off work at 7 pm)

Time ticket card: 3-day card fare 10 yuan, limited within 3 days 18 times; 7-day card fare 20 yuan, limited to 42 times in 7 days; 15 card fare in 40 yuan, limited to 90 times a day on 15. You can take the urban bus lines except the prefix "9", excluding the subway. Deposit, 20 yuan.

Tourist-only route

There are many kinds of tourist buses in Beijing. One is a tourist bus that starts with the word "tour". The fare depends on the distance, luxury cars and air-conditioned cars, generally between 30-70 yuan, in which 1 to 5 branch lines leave every day, and bus lines and shuttle buses from 6-to 18 leave on Saturday, Sunday and legal holidays. In addition, there are buses with the prefix "9" (20% off with one card) and single-day buses.

Human tricycles

Passenger tricycles in Beijing are generally gathered in the transportation center and tourist hotspots in the city center. Due to the serious traffic jam in taxis on holidays, people choose tricycles that can wear hutongs. In addition, it is very convenient to see the street scene by tricycle, so the cost of tricycle is slightly higher than that of taxi.

Bicycle; Bicycle exercise

Many big hotels in Beijing have the business of renting bicycles, and the daily rent is around 20 ~ 30 yuan. If you want to have a more thorough understanding of Beijing, you might as well rent a semi-new bike, and then you can enjoy walking in the hutongs in the city center.

Other tourist trains

Every day, there are special tourist trains from several railway stations in Beijing to various scenic spots in the suburbs of Beijing. Beijing Railway Station, Beijing North Railway Station, Beijing South Railway Station and Beijing Railway International Travel Service can all buy holiday train tickets. Visitors can buy tickets for tourist attractions at designated railway ticketing places, and there is no need to buy tickets after arriving at the scenic spots. With the ticket, you can take the outbound trains of Beijing Railway Station, Beijing North Railway Station and Beijing South Railway Station for free.

subway

At present, there are subway 1 line, subway line 2, subway line 5, subway Batong line and subway 13 line (light rail) in Beijing. Line 1 starts from the apple orchard in the west and ends at Sihui East Station in the east; Line 2 passes through Xizhimen, Fuxingmen, Hepingmen, Qianmen and Beijing Railway Station. Batong Line Sihui to Tuqiao. The first bus is usually at 5 o'clock in the morning and the last bus is around 23 o'clock in the evening. The fare is 739 yuan, and there is no discount for one card.

Dingling is the mausoleum of Zhu Yijun, the 13th emperor of Ming Dynasty, and Xiao Duan, two empresses, filial piety. It is located at the foot of Dayu Mountain, which is 10 km north of Changping District, Beijing, and covers an area of 1800 square meters. It is the first imperial mausoleum excavated as planned after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Mingding Mausoleum is exquisite and spectacular. It is the crown of the imperial mausoleum in China, a treasure of China's splendid culture and a world-famous tourist attraction.

The cemetery was founded in the 12th year of Wanli (1584) and completed in the 18th year of Wanli (1590), with a large building scale and exquisite materials. For more than 400 years, the main buildings such as Minglou, Baocheng and Lingmen have been preserved intact.

1956 was approved by the State Council to excavate Dingling, 1957 was opened to local officials, and nearly 3,000 cultural relics were unearthed. 1959 The museum was established in the original site of Dingling on September 30th, and officially opened to the public on June 30th.

The underground entrance of Dingling is distributed in the pattern of nine palaces in the Forbidden City. It consists of five stone buildings: the front, the middle, the back, the left and the right. There is a stone arch at the top, a pointed pot bottom coupon at the bottom, and two arcs intersect at the cross section. The underground Xuan Palace is tall and magnificent, with a total area of 950 square meters and a top height of 9.5 meters. There are seven stone gates in the five stone halls, among which the stone gates in the front, middle and back halls are very beautiful. There is a wall-mounted white stone gatehouse in front of Sanmen. There is a door leaf in the ticket, and the door leaf is carved and paved with a head ring and a chest-shaped doornail. The doornails are distributed vertically and horizontally to show the supremacy of feudal emperors. In order to make the door leaf open freely, the door leaf is designed to be thicker at one end of the door shaft and thinner at the first end. The lower end of the door shaft is also hemispherical. Reasonable conceptual design makes it very labor-saving to open the door leaf weighing about 4 tons.

The layout of Dingling underground palace basically adopts the system of sleeping before and after. The front hall has no decoration, which is equivalent to the square in front of the palace, and the middle hall is equivalent to the former dynasty (that is, the main hall of the palace). There are three thrones carved from white marble, which are arranged in zigzag. There are five yellow colored glasses in front of each seat, which are incense, candles and flowers, and a large blue-and-white moire porcelain jar filled with sesame oil for the ever-burning lamp. There are no funerary objects in the left and right halls. The back hall is equivalent to the sleeping hall, called the Xuan Hall, which is the main part of the underground palace and the place where the coffin is placed. The coffins of Emperor Wanli and Empress Xiao Duan and Xiaojing were placed in the center of the coffin bed. There are plum bottles, jade materials and 26 red lacquer wooden boxes filled with gold, silver and jade buried with the coffin, and there are also a large number of funerary objects in each coffin. Among the funerary objects unearthed in Dingling, Guan and Feng Guan are the most striking. The golden crown of Emperor Wanli was made of extremely thin gold thread with two dragons playing with pearls embedded in it. Among the exquisite jewelry, the golden hairpin of Emperor Wanli is a rare treasure, and the opal with the size of the index finger inlaid at the top shines brightly.

Nearly 3000 precious cultural relics such as silk fabrics, clothes of Empress Dowager Cixi, jewelry, gold, silver, copper, tin, jade, glass, etc. were unearthed in Dingling, among which the golden crown, the phoenix crown, the black veil wing good crown and the crown crown were unearthed for the first time. The cultural relics unearthed in Dingling provide rich material and scientific basis for studying the political, economic and cultural development of Ming Dynasty and the funeral and crown service system of Empress Dowager Cixi.