Battle of Gettysburg

July 1863, 1-4 During the American Civil War, the North and South armies fought an important battle in Gettysburg.

In July 1, the union army was unfavorable. The First Confederate Army under the command of Hill and ewell arrived at Gettysburg, and its troops were in an advantage. At this critical moment, Hancock, the general of the Northern Army, assembled scattered soldiers and stationed in Lingyuanling to resist. The ridge of this cemetery is a defensive position. The limestone strata exposed from the ground are fishhook-shaped, and the protruding side faces west and north, facing the Confederate army. The northern army, which came to support from the south and east, was just deployed along the ridge. The Confederate army took a siege posture, and its right wing was located on the Tang Snow Mountain Ridge, which was half a forest and parallel to the cemetery ridge. Confederate troops stormed the left wing of the Union army, but the northern army failed to overcome the resistance. Robert lee decided to attack the next day.

On the evening of July 2, ewell led the Confederate army to storm the right wing of the Union Army again and rushed to the slope of Mount capps. At that time, the union army was in danger. Robert lee thinks the opportunity has come. But the Yugoslav reinforcements had not yet arrived, and Ewell was repelled within an hour. On July 3rd, Robert Lee swooped down in the center of the middle-earth. In the afternoon 1, confederate troops opened fire on the ridge of the cemetery, and federal artillery returned fire. The artillery of both sides fought fiercely for more than an hour, and then robert lee ordered pickett to lead the army to attack the central position of the Union Army. Pickett's allied troops in gray uniforms marched steadily through the wilderness and grassland. Union troops in blue uniforms opened fire on the enemy with heavy artillery fire and rain of bullets. Confederate soldiers had to cross an open field nearly 65,438+0 miles wide, and they became living targets of the Union troops hiding behind the fortifications. By the time the Confederate army rushed to the allied defense line on the ridge of cemetery ridge, their number had lost half. Then there is hand-to-hand combat. Confederate troops have reached the strongest and last line of defense of the Union Army. The northern army suffered heavy casualties, and almost some of them could not support it. Armistead, the Confederate general at that time, took off the military cap on the tip of the command knife, jumped over the stone wall and jumped into the fortifications of the Union Army, followed by more than 100 people. The blue Virginia flag fluttered on the ridge of the cemetery. At this point, the union army quickly closed the breached gap and surrounded more than 100 people inside. Those soldiers in Armistead were either killed or captured. The cemetery ridge position was finally held.

There was a heavy rain on the night of July 4th, and the water level of the Potomac River rose, making it impossible for robert lee to cross the river and evacuate. Lincoln once asked Meade to seize this opportunity and annihilate the enemy. However, Meade held a battle meeting all night, and watched the water level of the Potomac River recede. General Li led the rest of the soldiers to retreat smoothly. This annoyed Lincoln deeply, but he still praised Meade's contribution in the Battle of Gettysburg. Robert lee thought that the responsibility for the failure of the campaign was entirely his own, and he proposed to resign as commander of the Virginia Corps, which was not approved by Davis.

Review of the Battle of Gettysburg

The Battle of Gettysburg was the bloodiest battle in American history at that time. There were 23,000 casualties and missing in the Union Army and 28,000 in the Confederate Army. General Meade issued a series of important orders to various armies in the battle, which played a positive role in the victory of the battle. The Battle of Gettysburg was a turning point in the American Civil War. From then on, the Confederate army lost its strategic initiative and could no longer March north, so the Union army turned to attack. The victory at Gettysburg strengthened the confidence of the American people to win the final victory. As Lincoln said in his immortal speech when he held the inauguration ceremony of the National Martyrs Cemetery in the battlefield of Gettysburg four months later: "We should draw more dedication from these glorious dead to complete the cause they devoted themselves to; We must make the greatest determination here so that these dead people will not die in vain. "

If we only find one factor that led to the defeat of the Confederate army in this battle, the factor we chose is probably that Stewart was not in the war zone at the critical moment. But it is more difficult to find out the most important factor that led to the victory of the northern army. Except for the combat action around the small dome, perhaps no other single action is particularly eye-catching. Therefore, the medal of victory should be awarded to Meade who is good at commanding defensive operations.

If we agree that Stuart's deviant behavior caused Li Yin to lose the battle because of the unknown situation, it shows once again that if there is no accurate information, it may bring disastrous consequences. Personal character-too conceited-will also have a negative impact on the election process.

Sometimes I hear that Meade is the puppet of his two commanders, General Howard and General Hancock. This view is unfair. Don't forget, Meade became commander of the Potomac Army only a week before the start of a major battle in a place where he had no choice. He lost one of his best generals at the beginning of the battle. Not only that, but after the next day's battle, the decision that the Union Army should resolutely stick to it rather than retreat (which used to be the case) was almost certainly made by Meade. His method of commanding various armies (sometimes even divisions) to stick to areas threatened by attacking enemies is also impeccable.

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Gettysburg address

background

After the Battle of Gettysburg, it was decided to hold a grand funeral for the dead martyrs. The funeral committee issued a general invitation to the President. They thought he wouldn't come, but Lincoln agreed. Now that the president has come, he must make a speech, but they invited the famous speaker Everett to do it. So, they wrote a letter to Lincoln, saying that after Everett's speech, they hoped that he would "say a few words casually." It was an insult, but Lincoln accepted it calmly. Within two weeks, he was thinking about how to make a speech while dressing, shaving and eating snacks. The speech was revised two or three times, but he was still not satisfied. The night before the funeral, he was still making the final revision, and then he asked his colleagues to read aloud in the middle of the night. When he entered the meeting, he rode on a horse, still lowering his head to his chest to meditate on his speech.

Everett spoke for more than two hours. Near the end, Lincoln nervously took out his old glasses and read his speech again. His speech began, a reporter set up a tripod to take pictures, everything was ready, and Lincoln had stepped off the platform. This time was only two minutes, but the applause lasted 10 minutes. This speech, which was highly praised by later generations, translated into today's Chinese, is only 400 words.

Lincoln's speech is a famous chapter in the history of speech. Its profound thoughts, rigorous writing and refined language are truly masterpieces in history. Especially the second paragraph, it is recommended to analyze it carefully. Its semantic inheritance, structural arrangement and even the use of sentence patterns are all very thoughtful works.

Gettysburg address

Abraham lincoln

1 1 month 09 1863

Gettysburg cemetery hill, Pennsylvania

Eighty-seven years ago, our forefathers founded a new country on this continent, which was conceived in freedom and pursued the principle that all men are created equal. Now, we are engaged in a great civil war,

Test whether this country, or any country that was born here and practiced this way, can exist for a long time. We met on a great battlefield of that war. We are here to dedicate a part of this battlefield as the final resting place for these people.

They gave their lives for the survival of the country. It is entirely appropriate and appropriate for us to do so.

However, in a broader sense, we cannot dedicate, sanctify or deify this land. The brave men who fought here, living and dead, have consecrated this land, which we can't add or subtract. The world will not pay attention to or remember what we said here for a long time, but it will never forget what they did here. We living people should devote ourselves to the great task before us; From these glorious dead, we are more loyal to the cause for which they gave their last full strength; This country, with the blessing of God, will get a new life of freedom; This government of the people, by the people and for the people will never disappear from the earth.

Gettysburg address

Abraham lincoln,1963165438+10/9.

Eighty-seven years ago, our forefathers established a new country on this continent, which was conceived in freedom and pursued the principle that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war to test whether this country, or any country conceived in freedom and practicing the above principles, can last for a long time. We are gathered on the great battlefield of this war. The martyrs gave their lives for the survival of this country, and we are here to dedicate part of this battlefield to them as the final resting place. It is entirely appropriate for us to do so.

However, in a broader sense, we cannot dedicate, deify or deify this land. Those brave men who fought here, living and dead, have consecrated this land, which is far beyond our meager strength. What we say here today will not be noticed by the whole world, nor will it be remembered for a long time, but what the brave men did here will never be forgotten by the whole world. On the contrary, those of us who are still alive should devote ourselves here to the unfinished business that the warriors have so nobly advanced. On the contrary, we should devote ourselves to the great task still before us here-we should draw more dedication from these glorious dead to complete the cause to which they have devoted themselves completely and thoroughly; We must make the greatest determination here and not let these dead people die in vain; We hope that this country will be reborn freely under the blessing of God, and this government of the people, by the people and for the people will exist forever.