Nonwoven fabric detailed data collection

Nonwoven fabric (English name: Non-woven fabric or non-woven fabric), also known as nonwoven fabric, consists of oriented or random fibers. It is called cloth because of its appearance and some properties.

Non-woven fabrics are moisture-proof, breathable, flexible, light, non-combustion-supporting, easy to decompose, non-toxic, rich in color, low in price and recyclable. For example, polypropylene (pp material) granules are used as raw materials, which are made by one-step continuous melting, spinning, laying and hot-pressing winding.

Basic introduction Chinese name: non-woven fabric mbth: non-woven fabric alias: non-woven fabric, non-woven fabric material: directional or random fiber characteristics, maintenance, use, classification, difference, historical evolution, main products, non-woven fabric patchwork, disposable products, flour hardcover bags, fashion shopping bags, non-woven fabric without latitude and longitude, cutting and sewing is very convenient, and it is light and easy to form, which is deeply loved by manual lovers. Because it is a kind of fabric formed without spinning and weaving, it is only formed by orienting or randomly arranging textile short fibers or filaments to form a network structure, and then strengthening it by mechanical, thermal bonding or chemical methods. It is not woven by interweaving a yarn, but by directly bonding the fibers together through physical methods, so when you get the sticky scales in your clothes, you will find that you can't even draw out a thread. Nonwovens break through the traditional textile principle and have the characteristics of short technological process, fast production speed, high output, low cost, wide application and many sources of raw materials. The relationship between nonwovens and spunbonded fabrics; Spunbonded fabrics and nonwovens are secondary. There are many production processes for manufacturing non-woven fabrics, and spunbonding is one of them (including spunbonding, meltblowing, hot rolling and spunlace, and most non-woven fabrics are produced by spunbonding). Spunbonded nonwovens are divided into polyester, polypropylene, nylon, spandex, acrylic fiber and so on. Different components will have completely different nonwoven styles. Spunbonded fabrics usually refer to polyester spunbond and polypropylene spunbond; However, the styles of these two fabrics are very close, and they can only be distinguished by high temperature testing. Non-woven fabric is a kind of non-woven fabric, which is formed by directly using polymer chips, short fibers or filaments, netting by air flow or machinery, strengthening by spunlace, needle punching or hot rolling, and finally finishing. The new fiber products are soft, breathable and planar, with the advantages of no fiber crumbs, tenacity and durability, silky softness, and the feeling of cotton. Compared with cotton fabric, non-woven bag is easy to form and has low manufacturing cost. Advantages: 1 Light weight: polypropylene resin is the main raw material, and its specific gravity is only 0.9, which is only three-fifths of that of cotton. It's fluffy and feels good. 2. Flexibility: made of fine fibers (2-3D) and made of hot-melt bonding of light spots. The finished product has moderate softness and is comfortable to wear. 3. Water absorption and air permeability: polypropylene chips do not absorb water, and the water content is zero, so the finished product has good water absorption, is composed of 100% fiber, and has good porosity and air permeability, and is easy to keep the cloth surface dry and easy to wash. Polypropylene nonwoven fabric 4. Non-toxic and harmless: the product adopts food-grade raw materials in line with FDA, does not contain other chemical components, has stable performance, is non-toxic and tasteless, and does not cause skin damage. 5. Antibacterial and chemical resistant agent: Polypropylene is a chemical passivation substance, which is not eaten by insects and can isolate the corrosion of bacteria and insects in liquid; Antibacterial, alkali corrosion resistant, the strength of the finished product will not be affected by corrosion. 6. Antibacterial properties. The product is water-repellent and mildew-free, and can be isolated from the corrosion of bacteria and insects in liquid without mildew. 7. Good physical properties. It is spun from polypropylene, directly laid into a net and thermally bonded. The strength of the product is better than that of ordinary short fiber products, and the strength is non-directional and similar in vertical and horizontal directions. 8. In terms of environmental protection, the raw material of most non-woven fabrics is polypropylene, while the raw material of plastic bags is polyethylene. Although the names of these two substances are similar, their chemical structures are quite different. The chemical molecular structure of polyethylene is quite stable and extremely difficult to degrade, so it takes 300 years for plastic bags to decompose. However, the chemical structure of polypropylene is not firm, and the molecular chain is easily broken, so it can be effectively degraded and enter the next environmental cycle in a non-toxic form, and a non-woven shopping bag can be completely decomposed within 90 days. Moreover, non-woven shopping bags can be reused for more than 10 times, and the environmental pollution after abandonment is only 10% of that of plastic bags. Disadvantages: 1) Compared with woven fabric, it has poor strength and durability. 2) Can't be cleaned like other fabrics. 3) fibers are arranged in a certain direction, which is easy to crack at right angles, and so on. Therefore, the improvement of production mode mainly focuses on the improvement of preventing division. Maintenance of non-woven fabrics: The maintenance and collection of non-woven fabrics should pay attention to the following points: 1. Keep it clean and change it frequently to prevent moth breeding. 2. When stored in different seasons, it must be washed, ironed, dried, sealed with plastic bags and placed flat in the wardrobe. Pay attention to shading to prevent fading. Ventilation, dust removal and dehumidification should be carried out frequently, and exposure to the sun is not allowed. Put mildew-proof and moth-proof tablets in the wardrobe to prevent cashmere products from getting damp, mildew and insects. 3. When you wear it inside, the matching coat lining should be smooth and hard objects such as pens, key bags and mobile phones. Avoid in the pocket to avoid local friction and pilling. When wearing outdoors, try to reduce the friction with hard objects (such as sofa backrest, armrest and desktop) and hooks. It is not easy to wear it for too long, so it is necessary to stop wearing it or change it in about 5 days to restore the elasticity of the clothes and avoid fiber fatigue damage. 4. If there is pilling, don't pull hard. You must cut off the fluff ball with scissors to avoid irreparable damage caused by thread loss. Uses Non-woven products are rich in color, bright, fashionable and environmentally friendly, widely used, beautiful in appearance, diverse in patterns and styles, light in weight, environmentally friendly and recyclable, and are internationally recognized as environmentally friendly products to protect the earth's ecology. Suitable for agricultural film, shoemaking, tanning, mattress, quilt, decoration, chemical industry, printing, automobile, building materials, furniture and other industries, as well as clothing interlining, medical and health disposable surgical gown, mask, hat, bed sheet, hotel disposable tablecloth, beauty, sauna and even modern gift bags, boutique bags, shopping bags, advertising bags and so on. Environmental protection products are widely used and economical. Because it looks like a pearl, it is also called a pearl canvas. Non-woven fabrics Non-woven fabrics are made of chemical fibers and plant fibers on wet or dry paper machines with water or air as suspension medium. Although it is not woven cloth, it is called non-woven fabric. Non-woven fabric is a new generation of environmental protection materials, which has the advantages of good strength, air permeability and waterproof, environmental protection, flexibility, non-toxic and tasteless, low price and so on. It is a new generation of environmental protection material, which has the characteristics of water repellent, breathable, flexible, non-combustion-supporting, non-toxic and rich in color. If the material decomposes naturally outdoors, its longest life is only 90 days, and it will decompose within 8 years if it is placed indoors. It is non-toxic and harmless when burning, so it does not pollute the environment, so environmental protection comes from it. (1) Non-woven fabrics for medical and health care: surgical gowns, protective clothing, disinfection kits, masks, diapers, household rags, rags, wet wipes, magic towels, soft towel rolls, beauty products, sanitary napkins, sanitary pads and disposable sanitary napkins. (2) Non-woven fabrics for home decoration: wall covering, tablecloths, sheets, bedspreads, etc. (3) Non-woven fabrics for clothing: lining, adhesive lining, wadding, setting cotton, various synthetic leather base fabrics, etc. (4) industrial nonwovens; Base material, reinforcing material, polishing material, filter material, insulating material, cement packaging bag, geotextile, covering cloth, etc. Roofing waterproofing membrane and asphalt tile. (5) Non-woven fabrics for agriculture: crop protection cloth, nursery cloth, irrigation cloth, thermal insulation curtain, etc. (6) Other non-woven fabrics: space cotton, heat and sound insulation materials, oil-absorbing felt, cigarette filter tip, tea bag in bag, shoe material, etc. Medical care: surgical gown, surgical cap, surgical cover, gypsum cotton wool, female sanitary cotton, baby diapers, wet wipes, sanitary * * *, dust cover. Non-woven agricultural clothing: harvest cloth, greenhouse cloth. Industry: Floppy disk lining, trumpet cloth, filter material, soundproof felt for speakers, sealing ring lining, cable cloth, glass fiber reinforced plastic towel, industrial wiping cloth, shockproof gasket, insulation material, tape backing, pipe backing, ventilation pipe, emery cloth. Packaging: composite cement bag, luggage lining cloth, packaging bottom lining, quilt, storage bag, mobile jacquard luggage cloth. Clothing and shoemaking: clothing lining, stuffing, toe hard lining, heel lining, underwear, artificial deerskin, synthetic leather, warm shoe lining, cloth sole lining. Automobile industry: waste spinning insulation felt, shock-proof felt, ceiling, cushion lining, carpet, door lining, automobile filter element, molded cushion. Household clothes: sofa cloth, carpet, wall cloth, mirror cloth, tea bag, vacuum cleaner filter bag, shopping bag, printed bed sheet, entertainment cover, cushion, sleeping bag, dry cleaning cloth, scouring pad, curtain, tablecloth, lampshade, rattan mat covered with film on the back. Civil engineering and construction: steel bars, reinforcement, filtration, linoleum base cloth, drainage boards, roofing waterproof materials, railways, highways, dikes, water slopes, port sound insulation, sewers, heat protection and isolated drainage. Other uses: launch vehicle, missile head heat protection cone, tail nozzle throat liner, advanced banknote printing paper, space shuttle heat-resistant tile, map cloth, calendar cloth, artificial cloth, canvas, etc. Classification: The fibers used in nonwoven production are mainly polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PET). In addition, there are nylon (PA), viscose fiber, acrylic fiber, ethylene fiber (HDPE) and chlorine fiber (PVC). According to the application requirements, non-woven fabrics can be divided into disposable applications and durable applications. According to the production process, it is divided into: PET polyester nonwoven fabric 1. Spunlaced nonwovens: Spunlaced technology is to spray high-pressure micro-water on one or more layers of fiber webs, so that the fibers are intertwined and the fiber webs are strengthened and have certain strength. 2. Hot-bonded nonwoven fabric: Hot-bonded nonwoven fabric refers to adding fibrous or powdery hot-melt bonding reinforcing materials to the fiber web, and then heating, melting and cooling the fiber web to strengthen it into cloth. 3. Pulp airlaid nonwovens: airlaid nonwovens can also be called dust-free paper and dry papermaking nonwovens. It uses the air-laid technology to open the wood pulp fiberboard into a single fiber state, and then uses the air-laid method to bond the fibers to the net curtain, and the fiber net is reinforced into cloth. 4. Wet-process nonwovens: Wet-process nonwovens are made by opening fiber raw materials placed in water medium into single fibers, and at the same time mixing different fiber raw materials to make fiber suspension slurry, which is conveyed to the web-forming mechanism, and the fibers are web-formed in wet state, and then reinforced into cloth. 5. Spunbonded nonwovens: Spunbonded nonwovens are made by laying the filaments into a net after the polymer is extruded and stretched to form continuous filaments, and then making the net into nonwovens through self-bonding, thermal bonding, chemical bonding or mechanical reinforcement. 6. Melt-blown nonwovens: The technological process of melt-blown nonwovens: polymer feeding-melt extrusion-fiber forming-fiber cooling-web forming-reinforced cloth forming. 7. Needle-punched nonwoven fabric: Needle-punched nonwoven fabric is a dry nonwoven fabric. Needle-punched non-woven fabric is to strengthen fluffy fiber web into cloth by the puncture effect of needles. 8. Stitched nonwoven fabric: Stitched nonwoven fabric is a dry nonwoven fabric. The stitched nonwoven fabric is made of reinforcing mesh, yarn layer and nonwoven material (such as plastic sheet, plastic foil, etc.). ) or their combination with warp knitting coil structure. 9. Hydrophilic non-woven fabrics: mainly used for making medical and health materials, so as to obtain a better hand feeling and not scratch the skin. Like sanitary napkins and sanitary pads, the hydrophilic function of hydrophilic non-woven fabrics is utilized. The difference between non-woven fabrics and dust-free fabrics Non-woven fabrics, also known as non-woven fabrics, are a new generation of environmentally friendly materials with the characteristics of water repellency, breathability, flexibility, non-combustion, non-toxicity and rich colors. If the nonwoven fabric decomposes naturally outdoors, its longest service life is only 90 days; If it is decomposed indoors within 5 years, it is non-toxic and tasteless, without any residual substances, so it does not pollute the environment and is suitable for washing. It directly uses polymer chips, short fibers or filaments to form a new fiber product with soft, breathable and planar structure through various web-forming methods and consolidation techniques. It has environmental protection performance that plastic products do not have, and its natural degradation time is much shorter than that of plastic bags. Therefore, non-woven bags made of non-woven fabrics are also recognized as the most economical and practical reusable shopping bags. The dust-free cloth is made of 100% polyester fiber, with soft surface, easy to wipe sensitive surfaces, no fiber loss when rubbed, good water absorption and cleaning efficiency. The cleaning and packaging of products are completed in the ultra-clean workshop. The optional edge sealing of dust-free cloth generally includes: cold cutting, laser edge sealing and ultrasonic edge sealing. Ultra-fine fiber dust-free cloth is generally sealed perfectly by laser and ultrasonic; Dust-free cloth, dust-free wiping cloth, superfine fiber dust-free cloth and superfine fiber wiping cloth are made of 100% continuous polyester double-layer fabric with soft surface, which can be used to wipe sensitive surfaces with low dust production, good water absorption and cleaning efficiency. Especially suitable for dust-free purification workshop. The edges of dust-free cloth, dust-free wiping cloth, superfine fiber dust-free cloth and superfine fiber wiping cloth are sealed by the most advanced trimming machine, so that particles and thread ends will not be left after wiping, and the decontamination ability is strong. Historical evolution 1. The non-woven textile industry developed to the end of 1998, and the global consumption of non-woven fabrics has reached 2.4 million tons. 1970, its consumption is only 400,000 tons, and it is expected to reach 4 million tons by 2007. The producers of nonwovens are mainly concentrated in the United States (accounting for 4 1% of the world), 30% in western Europe, 8% in Japan and 3.5% in China, but their consumption accounts for 7.5% of the world. The production of non-woven fabrics is still dominated by man-made fibers, which will not change much before 2007. Among the fibers used to produce nonwovens in the world, 63% are polypropylene, 23% are polyester, 8% are viscose, 2% are acrylic, 65,438+0.5% are polyamide, and the remaining 3% are other fibers. The use of non-woven fabrics in sanitary absorbent materials, medical materials, textile materials for vehicles and shoes has increased significantly. Production and consumption of non-woven fabrics 1983 The global consumption of non-woven fabrics was 800,000 tons, which increased to 165438+ 10,000 tons and1400,000 tons in 1988. The consumption of man-made fibers used in various textiles was 6,543,806,900 tons in 654.38+0983, increased to 20.4 million tons in 654.38+0988, and reached 30.4 million tons in 654.38+0998. It is estimated that the consumption will reach 37 million tons in 2005 and 38.3 million tons in 2007. It is predicted that the consumption growth rate of man-made fibers in nonwoven production will reach 65,438+00% in 2005 and 65,438+00.4% in 2007. The rapid growth of non-woven industrial consumption is partly due to the increase of auxiliary industries in China, Southeast Asia, Latin America and the Middle East. Third, the factors that non-woven fabrics affect the growth rate All the factors that affect the growth of man-made fibers can have a certain impact on textiles made of man-made fibers to a certain extent, among which non-woven fabrics have the greatest impact. The influence of population growth on non-woven fabrics is less than that of other textiles used for clothing. However, if we consider the important application of non-woven fabrics in baby diapers, population growth is also an important influencing factor. The substitution of natural fibers has great influence on textiles, but little influence on non-woven fabrics, because the production of non-woven fabrics basically depends on artificial fibers. Commercial development of man-made fibers and specialized application of non-woven fabrics: due to the establishment of international economic treaties, the trade of microfibers, composite fibers, biodegradable fibers and new polyester fibers has increased. This has a great influence on non-woven fabrics, but has little influence on clothing and knitted textiles. Substitution of textiles and other articles: This includes substitution by non-woven fabrics, knitted textiles, plastic films, polyurea foam, wood pulp, leather, etc. This is determined by the cost and performance requirements of the product. Introduce new and more economical and effective production technologies, that is, various articles made of polymers, the application of competitive new non-woven fabrics and the introduction of special fibers and non-woven fabric additives. The three main fibers used in nonwovens production are polypropylene fiber (accounting for 62% of the total), polyester fiber (accounting for 24% of the total) and viscose fiber (accounting for 8% of the total). During the period of 1970 ~ 1985, viscose fiber was widely used in nonwovens production. From 2000 to 2005, the application of polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber began to occupy a dominant position in the field of sanitary absorbent materials and medical textiles. In the early nonwoven production market, the amount of nylon was very large. From 1998, the consumption of acrylic fiber began to increase, especially in the field of artificial leather manufacturing. There are many large-scale projects in various constructions in China, such as Three Gorges Project, Xiaolangdi Project, environmental protection project, western development and infrastructure construction, which will greatly promote the consumption of geotextile, filter materials, waterproof materials and packaging materials. In addition, the increase of domestic consumers' income will also strongly stimulate the consumption of various sanitary water-absorbing products and air filtration materials, medical and health supplies and labor insurance cultural and sports supplies. Therefore, China nonwovens industry has great growth potential in the future. The main products are non-woven patchwork disposable products. Medical non-woven fabric products are medical care textiles made of polyester, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene, carbon fiber, glass fiber and other chemical fibers. Including disposable masks, protective clothing, surgical clothing, isolation clothing, laboratory clothing, nurses' hats, surgical hats, doctors' hats, surgical bags, pregnant women's bags, first aid bags, diapers, pillowcases, bed sheets, quilt covers, shoe covers and other disposable medical consumables. Compared with traditional cotton woven medical textiles, medical nonwovens have the characteristics of high filtration to bacteria and dust, low surgical infection rate, convenient disinfection and sterilization, and easy compounding with other materials. As a disposable product, medical nonwoven products are not only convenient, safe and hygienic, but also can effectively prevent bacterial infection and iatrogenic infection. In China, the investment in medical and health industry has reached 1000 billion yuan, of which the total output value of sanitary products and materials is about 64 billion yuan, and it is developing in a diversified direction. The flour hardcover bag is a flour bag made of non-woven fabric, which is light, environmentally friendly, moisture-proof, breathable, flexible, flame-retardant, non-toxic and recyclable. It is an internationally recognized environmental protection product to protect the earth's ecology, and is widely used in various small packaged rice flour, such as wheat flour, corn flour and buckwheat flour. Rice, etc. This non-woven fabric product is printed with ink, which is beautiful and elegant, colorful, non-toxic, tasteless and non-volatile, more environmentally friendly and cleaner than ink printing, and fully meets the environmental protection requirements of modern people. Due to reliable product quality, affordable price and long service life. The main specifications are 1 kg, 2.5 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg, etc. Fashion shopping bag non-woven bags (also known as non-woven bags, English: non-woven bags) is a kind of green products, tough and durable, beautiful in appearance, breathable, reusable, washable, silk-screen advertising, marking, long service life, suitable for any company and any industry to advertise and give gifts. Consumers get a beautiful non-woven bag when shopping, and businesses get invisible advertisements, so non-woven fabrics are more and more popular in the market. This product is made of non-woven fabric, which is a new generation of environmental protection material. It is moisture-proof, breathable, flexible, light, non-combustion-supporting, easy to decompose, non-toxic, rich in color, low in price and recyclable. This material can decompose naturally after being placed outdoors for 90 days, and its service life can be as long as 5 years when placed indoors. It is non-toxic, tasteless, and has no residue when burning, so it does not pollute the environment and is an internationally recognized environmental protection product to protect the earth's ecology.