What fire protection systems may be available for the water supply and drainage specialty of a hotel building?

Foreign countries attach great importance to building fire prevention. Foreign building intelligent control system (or building management system BA system) is a network system composed of central management station, various DDC controllers, various sensors and actuators, which can complete various control and management functions. It is an intelligent control and management network developed with the application of computers in environmental control. At present, all components of the system have developed from non-standardized design and production to standardized and specialized products, which makes the design, installation and expansion of the system more convenient and flexible, the system runs more reliably and the investment is greatly reduced. 1. Why should an advanced comprehensive building, shopping mall, hotel or factory have a perfect central management and automatic control system (1), which can provide central overall supervision, detect and analyze mechanical and electrical equipment faults immediately, reduce other problems caused by minor faults, and save time and money. (2) By running the energy-saving program of the automatic control system, unnecessary energy waste can be reduced, and the average energy saving can reach 5% ~ 15%. (3) Provide preventive maintenance, and maintain possible equipment problems in advance. (4) Improve the overall management efficiency of the building and save manpower and time. (5) Regional buildings and workshops can be fully controlled by hierarchical network monitoring system to achieve the effect of intelligent decentralized management, improve the ability of energy distribution and fault maintenance, and reduce the maintenance cost of personnel and electromechanical equipment. (6) In contrast, the required central management system investment can be recovered in a short time. (1) Distributed intelligent network, advanced design, reduces the impact of faults, thus improving reliability. (2) Open system design, which can be compatible with different system software; (3) The main intelligent controllers can run completely independently, reducing the impact of network failures on the operation. (4) Provide different types of controllers to cooperate with various electromechanical devices, ideally from 12 to 296. (5) The manual/automatic switch control is improved, including the required controllers and valves, so as to reduce the inconvenience caused by system failure and provide debugging and maintenance. (6) It can provide a large memory capacity that will not disappear, and a single data processing can be used in the program, which reduces the probability of errors and is easy to run. (7) High-speed Ethernet or remote communication can be connected to expand the network monitoring range. (8) Ensure the compatibility between the old and new design system versions, ensure that users do not need to spend a lot of money because of technical updates, and ensure that the system before 15 can be used on the same communication line with the latest system. -Simulate and monitor the power supply of the whole building through the power transmitter. The best network combination of 4.4. BA system is an advanced technology with multi-layer network structure, which greatly improves the reliability and technical level of the system. Including the central graphics and management computer workstation, which can access Ethernet for large-scale data management, and the workstation has Langille management software. The workstation communicates and controls with the independent modular field controller through the same layer of bus. Each machine must be able to communicate independently and operate by itself. Independent modular controller can provide communication between LAN and smaller independent industrial application controller, and achieve the effect of decentralized intelligent monitoring. (4) Sensors, transmitters and drivers are monitored and controlled by input and output signals. Third, the building automation control system can be generally divided into the following three types: the workstation of the basic building automation control system based on Windows NT can be configured as a text display central operating station or a full-function graphic terminal. It runs in Windows NT environment, and the local area network can be Ethernet or token ring network. In a multi-building campus, multiple distributed workstations can be configured. The basic building automation control system is a unique "plug-and-play" system, which can be put into operation online quickly, reduce installation time and save system startup cost. Because of its great flexibility, it not only meets the current needs of users, but also serves as a platform for future functional enhancement and innovation. Every PC workstation of the basic building automation control system embodies the characteristics of the industrial standard Microsoft Windows and Windows NT operating system. (1) The structure can be large or small, from a single PC to a LAN based on network technology. (2) The working environment is simple. Support all kinds of pc, high-speed controller bus, MS-Windows or Windows NT. (3) There are a variety of connection methods to meet the needs of users. Convenient for users to connect control bus, local area network or wide area network; Convenient for users to use modem and "dial control"; It is convenient for users to directly connect with the controller port. (4) It has an open system structure. Support Open link, DDE interface and various network communication protocols. (5) Adapt to the mainstream network working environment, such as supporting Windows NT, TCP/IP and DDE. (6) Adapting to mainstream computer structure, such as Microsoft environment; Adapting to Novell, IBM or Microsoft LAN; Adapting and supporting the flexibility of hardware and peripheral equipment; Support the application of third-party software. (7) It has general BMS functions. Support point display and command, historical data collection, graphics, reports, easy to install, learn, use and maintain. Based on the basic building automation control system, a comprehensive building automation control system is established. The integrated type can monitor the data from the system, including the same layer bus, fire protection and security bus, S bus equipment and so on. , and can connect multiple workstations to Novell LAN to provide interfaces with other branches for maintenance and management. Based on Unix, the open building automation system monitors various distributed subsystems, such as air conditioning automation, fire protection, security and so on, and can integrate the products of other companies into a network system. The operating system, local area network communication, related databases and graphics systems that meet industrial standards are adopted. It creates a similar "single window" for building automation system, and fully considers the future development of technology in its design. Building automation system is responsible for computer monitoring and management of air conditioning and refrigeration system, power distribution system, lighting system, heating system and elevator in the building. Building automation system monitors, controls and records each subsystem by computer, realizes decentralized energy-saving control and centralized scientific management, provides a good working environment for users in the building, provides convenient management means for building managers, reduces energy consumption and management costs for building operators, and provides a material basis for the modernization of property management. Its main control components are as follows: (2) The monitoring system of refrigeration station includes automatic control of cooling water pump and cooling tower fan, energy-saving control of the number of chillers and pressure difference control of chilled water system, and control of refrigeration station by central management station, so the following problems need to be solved: (1) Monitoring, control and fault alarm of cooling tower fan. Monitoring, control and fault alarm of cooling water pump. Monitoring, control and fault alarm of cooling water pump. Monitoring of cooling water outlet temperature and flow rate of water chillers. Monitoring, control and fault alarm of water chillers. (3) The water supply and drainage monitoring system monitors the water supply and drainage equipment such as domestic water, fire water, sewage and chilled water tanks. Including pressure measuring points, liquid level measuring points and switch control points, it is required to display the parameters of each monitoring point, the fault alarm of equipment operation state and abnormal state, and control the start and stop of related equipment. (4) Power transformation and distribution monitoring system includes low-voltage distribution system, computer uninterrupted UPS power supply system, refrigeration station power distribution, transformer, high-voltage system and high-voltage secondary line for monitoring. It mainly includes the measurement of current, voltage, active power, reactive power, power factor and temperature, and the control of switching value. It is also required to monitor and measure the operating parameters of the power supply system in real time, and display the main wiring diagram, AC /DC system and UPS system operating diagram. Careless management personnel on the construction site, lack of on-site supervision and inspection, inadequate fire safety education for operators, uneven quality of personnel, and weak awareness of fire safety for migrant workers, can easily lead to fire accidents on the construction site, causing heavy losses and casualties. Second, there are many temporary electrical equipment in the construction site, and the phenomenon of pulling electrical lines privately is serious, and the electrical equipment lines are aging. Especially in the late decoration stage, with the increase of construction contractors, if the management is not good, it is easy to cause electrical fire accidents. For example, at 9: 00 am on February 5, 2009, the fire in the residential building of Hanzheng Street Wholesale Market in Wuhan was caused by the aging of the line. Third, due to the large number of high-rise building construction contractors and the high mobility of migrant workers, it is very difficult to manage fire safety on site, and fire hazards are not easy to be found in time. Temporary dormitories for migrant workers are also densely populated, and individual reconstruction projects cross dormitories and warehouses, paying no attention to electricity safety. Once a fire breaks out, it is easy to cause accidents of group death and group injury. Four, the lack of reliable fire fighting equipment on the construction site, such as the lack of dry powder fire extinguishers or fire extinguishers have failed. Temporary water pipes have low water pressure and small water volume, which can not meet the fire protection requirements of high-rise buildings. The road on the construction site is not smooth. After the fire broke out, the fire truck couldn't drive well and couldn't get close to the fire, which hindered the fire fighting operation. Domestic development trend and countermeasures: fire safety in construction site is restricted by factors such as season, climate, man-made and facilities. , which leads to the particularity and complexity of its management and increases the difficulty of fire management. Based on the above analysis, the following measures are put forward: 1. Establishing a sound fire management system is the source of fire safety management in high-rise building construction. The construction units and construction units of high-rise buildings shall establish fire prevention leading groups, set up voluntary fire brigades, and conduct regular fire safety inspections and fire fighting studies. The construction site should formulate some necessary fire prevention measures and fire safety rules and regulations, and organize relevant personnel to learn, so that all contractors and various types of work have rules to follow, so as to implement the fire prevention work. It is necessary to strengthen supervision and inspection of the implementation of various fire prevention measures and fire safety rules and regulations. 2. Strictly implement the hot work approval system. (1) When using naked fire for operation and heating on the construction site, the relevant fire safety management system should be strictly implemented. According to the situation of the construction site and the implementation of fire control measures, the naked fire can be used only after the fire supervision personnel on the construction site issue a hot certificate; (2) There should be a special person in charge of the place where the open flame is used, and there should be no flammable or combustible items around the place where the fire is used. At the same time, it is necessary to prepare fire-fighting equipment and provide sufficient fire-fighting water sources when using fire sites; (3) In construction projects using welding, asbestos should be used to catch sparks with or without combustible materials to prevent combustible materials from being ignited; (4) After using an open flame, the person in charge should strengthen the inspection of the fire and confirm that there is no possibility of re-ignition before leaving. 3, the construction general layout examination and approval system. There should be reasonable functional zoning in the general layout of the building, and there should be appropriate fire separation between various buildings, structures and temporary facilities. Generally, there should be a circular fire lane on the construction site, and there should be a return yard at the end of the road. The width, clear height and pavement bearing capacity of fire lane should meet the requirements of large fire engines, which is an effective measure to ensure timely fire extinguishing and reduce losses after fire accidents. Second, the fire safety education of employees is the key to do a good job in fire safety management of high-rise building construction. 1. Organize all employees of the enterprise to seriously study and implement the Fire Prevention Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Regulations on Fire Safety Management of Organs, Organizations, Enterprises and Institutions, and further enhance the legal awareness and responsibility awareness of all employees on fire safety. 2. Educate employees to call the police in time. Fire alarm is a very important link. Once a fire breaks out, if you don't call the police in time, you can't handle it yourself, and the consequences are often out of control. At the same time, you should educate employees that it is the right and obligation of every citizen to report the fire, and solve the misunderstanding of individual employees about the alarm. 3, to further strengthen the ability to deal with fire. Most fires are sudden accidents. After the fire, it is easy to cause people's psychological fear, or it should be handled improperly, and the best opportunity to put out the initial fire is missed. A small fire becomes a big fire, and a small disaster becomes a big disaster. Therefore, employees should be trained in basic fire fighting skills at ordinary times to let them know the basic knowledge of fire fighting. Third, the safety management of flammable and explosive materials is the focus of fire safety management in high-rise building construction. 1. Flammable and explosive materials and compressed gas cylinders used in winter construction should be stored separately in the warehouse. The fire spacing between the warehouse and the building shall be strictly in accordance with the fire protection code. Ventilation, cooling equipment, power supply and explosion-proof equipment in the warehouse must be flexible and reliable, and the power switch should be located in a safe place outside the warehouse. 2. Flammable thermal insulation products such as curtain cloth and straw mats used in winter construction should be stored away from fire sources, and strictly controlled according to the construction needs, and designated persons should be responsible to reduce the fire load on the construction site. 3. The construction site, processing sites and material storage sites should be promptly cleared of flammable items such as wood shavings, sawdust, etc. It is strictly forbidden to use open flames in such places. 4, are not allowed to be stacked around the switch box, welding machine, transformer and power tools combustible insulation materials, in order to reduce the possibility of fire. Fourthly, the management of fire equipment and facilities is the guarantee of fire safety management in high-rise building construction. 1. Full-time and part-time firefighters shall be set up on the construction site to regularly check and maintain all kinds of fire-fighting equipment on the construction site to ensure that they are in good condition and effective. 2. The construction of high-rise buildings requires the construction of pools, pumps and water delivery risers, and the above construction facilities can be used as fire fighting facilities. The construction pool can also be used as a fire pool; Prepare two construction pumps (one for use and one for standby) as fire pumps, and ensure the fire water flow and a certain lift; Construction water riser can also be used as fire riser, and the pipe diameter should not be less than100 mm; A certain number of outdoor temporary fire hydrants should be set around high-rise buildings, and indoor temporary fire hydrants, hoses and water guns should be set on each floor. The key parts of the high-rise building construction site should be equipped with a certain number of mobile fire-fighting equipment, and the fire water source in the winter construction site should be well insulated and antifreeze, so as to play its due role in the event of a fire.