Porcelain: the official kiln porcelain of the Southern Song Dynasty hidden by Emperor Qianlong.

In the imperial poems of Emperor Qianlong of Ruyao celadon narcissus basin in the Northern Song Dynasty, "Less expensive is like the morning star" and "Morning star is really valuable" are often used to describe the preciousness and rarity of cultural relics. In particular, there is a saying called "Zhao and Song official kilns look at the morning star", which shows that the cultural relics cherished by Emperor Qianlong are Song official kiln porcelain. Mystery of fancy washing your officials with celadon in official kilns in Southern Song Dynasty. According to the records in the literature, we can know that it refers to the official kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty, the official kiln in the Southern Song Dynasty and the official kiln under the suburban altar. As for the official kilns in the Northern Song Dynasty, in addition to the records in the literature, some scholars also refer to the imperial poems of Emperor Qianlong and the unearthed status of Liang Qing Temple kiln site in Baofeng County, Henan Province, to think about the possibility of Ru kiln as an official kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty. Ruyao, a square basin of celadon in the Southern Song Dynasty, is the best in the notes of Song people. Its kiln site is located in Liang Qing Temple, Baofeng County, Henan Province. The firing and use of Ru kiln celadon can be seen from the notes of Song people, such as "Only those picked up by the imperial court can be sold, or when the ancient capital is banned, your wares can be used, which shows the historical fact that Ru kiln is used as a palace vessel. In addition, in 124, Xu Jing of the Northern Song Dynasty pointed out that the appearance of celadon in the Koryo era was similar to that of Ru kiln, and a specimen similar to Koryo celadon was unearthed at the Liang Qing Temple kiln site, which also revealed the exchange between Ru kiln and overseas kiln industry. Official kilns generally refer to kilns specially designed for the palace to burn utensils. Huizong established an official kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty, which is the official kiln in the capital in the literature. However, up to now, the specific kiln site has never been found, so why it looks like it can't be confirmed. If we consider that some of the official kilns in the Southern Song Dynasty are similar to Ru kilns, then from the perspective of the use of official kilns, Ru kilns may be the official kilns in the Northern Song Dynasty. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jin Jun invaded Bianjing and Kaifeng City, Henan Province, and Emperor Hui and Qin were captured. The Song Dynasty perished, moved south, and made its capital Lin 'an, which is known as the Southern Song Dynasty in history. In order to rebuild the orthodox kingship, the court of the Southern Song Dynasty imitated the system of the Northern Song Dynasty and set it as a model. The glazed surface is smooth and precious in the world, and the kiln under the suburban altar is bigger than the old kiln. These two porcelain kilns are what we call the Southern Song Dynasty official kilns today. The exploration and research on the official kilns in the Southern Song Dynasty can be traced back to the collection and investigation of Chinese and Japanese scholars in the 1930s. Although the true connotation of the official kilns in the Southern Song Dynasty could not be distinguished at that time, the taste of celadon appreciation and the meaning of solving puzzles brewed from it have continued to this day. Especially after the discovery of Tiger Cave in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, most scholars accepted that Jiaotan Gorge and Tiger Cave were two official kilns in the Southern Song Dynasty. Archaeologists of three square pots of celadon in the Southern Song Dynasty found the suburban altar kiln in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, and the tiger cave kiln near Fenghuang Mountain. By investigating the specimens unearthed from two kiln mouths, one should be the official kiln under Jiaotan recorded in the literature, and the other may be the official kiln of Xiunei Temple. The opening time of the two kilns is different, but the firing time overlaps. Some works handed down by the National Palace Museum in Taipei of Qing Dynasty's Yuan celadon fish ear furnace faithfully reflect the product types of two official kilns, but there are also some objects with relatively more exquisite quality that can't be compared so far, showing the possibility of another unknown official kiln in the Southern Song Dynasty. The appreciation of the sunflower-shaped box of celadon in the Southern Song Dynasty can focus on the change from appearance to glaze color, which involves the evolution of the times. Similarly, the glaze color also reflects the taste of the official or general market. The celadon plate of Ruyao in the Northern Song Dynasty was fired in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Prior to this, the works with the same texture as the covered celadon were formed due to the natural ash falling in the kiln, which were called gray glazed pottery or primitive celadon. In the eighth and ninth centuries, celadon has become an important appreciation category. The jade in Lu Yu's Tea Classic and the thousand peaks and green in Lu Guimeng's works are all metaphors for singing celadon. Celadon handed down from 12 to 14 centuries, whether it is the blue glaze of Ru kiln, the ice crack of the Southern Song Dynasty official kiln, the plum blossom of Longquan kiln and the opening texture of Ge kiln, all show individual differences due to the different origin and firing time. Similarly, the specimens collected from the kiln site can also reveal the secret wrapped under the porcelain glaze. Whether it is thin tire, thick glaze, thin tire glaze, or even neat and simple workmanship at the foot end, it is an important basis worthy of memory and reference in the appreciation process.