Please write the route of the new route opened by Magellan and Columbus.

Columbus, by reading Kyle Poirot's Notes on the East, became interested in Kyle Poirot's eastward journey. He believed in the increasingly popular theory of earth circle at that time, and thought that the earth was round. As long as he sailed westward from the European coast, he could reach India and get a lot of gold and spices. Columbus sailed around the world with the support of the king of Spain. At dawn on August 3, 1492, three sailboats set sail from the port of Barros at the southern tip of Spain and headed west. Columbus, who led the fleet, stood at the bow of the flagship "Santa Maria", overlooking the boundless sea and lost in thought. At the moment, his mood is very complicated. He is full of hope, and he feels that his future is bleak, and he is somewhat afraid. Because in Christian legend, the sea is surrounded by a bottomless abyss, and when the ship arrives there, it will be swallowed up by the demons around it. The rough sea makes people unpredictable, and the end of this trip may be to reach arachis duranensis or to be buried at the bottom of the sea. At that time, he didn't realize that this was the first step on the road of human geographical discovery. The origin and birthplace of Columbus (1451-156) has always been a controversial issue, but most scholars believe that he was born in Genoa, Italy, where the navigation career was developed. When he was young, he took part in many sailing activities. By reading Kyle Poirot's Notes on the Orient and contacting the navigators who have been engaged in long-distance sailing for a long time, he became interested in the rich East. He believed in the increasingly popular theory of earth circle at that time, and thought that the earth was round. As long as he sailed westward from the European coast, he could reach India and get a lot of gold and spices. At that time, European society was undergoing a profound change. After nearly a thousand years of development, social productive forces have been significantly improved. With the development of social economy, people's demand for money is also increasing. Due to the scarcity of money circulating in society, the accumulation of capital is seriously restricted. At that time, the currency used in Europe was mainly gold coins, and gold was an important ornament and a symbol of wealth, so people's desire for it was endless, while the annual gold mining in Europe was very limited. The reason for the lack of gold also lies in the unbalanced trade between East and West. With the development of commodity economy in Europe, the demand for oriental luxury goods is increasing. Oriental spices, silk, porcelain and other products are constantly transported to the west, while the west has no products to exchange, only gold and silver are exchanged, which leads to a large outflow of gold and silver. All this led to people's crazy search for gold. Columbus once said: "Gold is an amazing thing! Whoever has it can do whatever he wants and do everything. With gold, you can send your soul to heaven. " This is the psychological portrayal of Europeans at that time. Engels also pointed out: "The Portuguese are looking for gold on the African coast, India and the whole Far East; The word gold is a spell that drives the Spanish to cross the Atlantic to America; Gold is the first thing that white people need when they first set foot on a newly discovered coast. " But where to find gold? Some people pin their hopes on distant overseas and the East. This is not unreasonable, the key is how to get there. Kyle Poirot, an Italian traveler, described the East as very rich in his Notes on the East, saying that there was gold everywhere and spices were abundant. However, it was not an easy task to go to the East at that time, and it was difficult to go to the distant East. In the 11th century, European feudal lords organized crusades in an attempt to plunder the East, resulting in heavy casualties. It is also difficult to adopt a peaceful method. At that time, there were three important trade routes to the East: one was in the north, passing through Asia Minor, the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea to Central Asia; One is in the middle, from the eastern Mediterranean to the Persian Gulf through the two river basins, and then from the sea to the east; There is another one in the south, passing through Alexandria, Egypt, to the Red Sea, and then from the sea to the east. One in the north is occupied by Turks who hate Europeans, and the Ottoman Empire and the Holy Roman Empire are at war. The other two are controlled by Arab businessmen, and the hostility between Islam and Christianity makes it impossible for Europeans to pass through here. All communication between the East and the West must go through the hands of Arabs, and the price of goods will increase by 8-1 times after they are changed hands by Arab businessmen. For a long time, European nobles and businessmen wanted to bypass the Middle East and find another way to reach China and India. By the end of the 15th century, Europeans finally had the conditions to realize this wish. At the end of the 15th century, Europe has formed a relatively strong nation-state, such as Britain, France, Portugal and Spain. Any undertaking can be carried out under the sponsorship of the state. At that time, the knowledge of astronomy and geography also developed greatly. Ancient Greek geographers' theory of earth circle is becoming more and more popular. In navigation, shipbuilding technology in Europe has been greatly improved. The compass invented by China has been applied in Europe, so it is possible to sail in the sea without getting lost, which makes it possible to sail long distances. At the same time, a group of adventurous navigators and sponsors appeared in Europe. Columbus is the most typical representative in the discovery of new air routes. In order to realize his wish, Columbus looked for sponsors everywhere, but he ran into a wall everywhere. Most people didn't believe his story, and they didn't want to spend money on this adventure. In 1486, Columbus came to the Spanish palace with a strong economic foundation, stated his ideas and ideas to the Spanish king, and put forward some conditions. On April 17th, 1492, the King of Spain signed the "San Da Fei Agreement" with Columbus, decided to give him sponsorship, and sealed him in advance as the patriarch and ruler of the land to be discovered, that is, the admiral of all islands and continents discovered or acquired by him personally in various oceans, and the hereditary governor of newly discovered land. He has the right to keep one twentieth of the total income on the new land for himself, but the sovereignty of these lands belongs to the King of Spain. After some preparation, Columbus finally set out from Spain on August 3, 1492. His fleet of Spanish sailboats

consists of three large sailboats and 87 sailors. Columbus commanded the fleet to sail westward, and he carefully observed every group of seabirds and every piece of aquatic plants he saw on the way, never letting go of a clue. In the early morning of October 12, 1492, after more than two months of sailing, I looked forward to land for a long time, and there were complaints among the crew. When there was almost a rebellion, a sailor on the bow suddenly exclaimed: "Ah! Land! " It turned out that he vaguely saw a piece of land ahead in the moonlight. At dawn, they came to an island. Columbus immediately went ashore. Facing the lush vegetation, he happily announced that it was Spanish land and named it San Salvador Island. San Salvador means savior, and this island is Watling Island in the Bahamas. Columbus thought he had arrived in India, so he called the locals Indians. Columbus did not go west, but continued to sail south, reaching nearby Cuba and Haiti, where he found many islands. But to Columbus's disappointment, there is not so much gold and spices here as he thought, but there are many animals, plants and customs they have never seen before. Nevertheless, land is very important to him. Columbus, as the first European colonist in America, did not get a lot of gold, but he could still satisfy his desire for wealth in other ways. At first, European colonists did not rob naked, but engaged in unequal trade. At that time, the production methods of Indians on these islands were still extremely primitive, so all the products brought by Europeans, even waste, glass fragments and every used playing card, were precious to them. They exchanged these things for Indian valuables in large quantities. Indians treat these white people from afar as guests sent by the gods, warmly entertain them and meet their various requirements, and are not wary of their ambitions. However, it was these people who announced their disaster. After Columbus arrived in Haiti, he set up a stronghold there, brought the advanced weapons of Europe-cannons and muskets to the island, and began the bloody rule and crazy plunder of the local people. In order to show off his success, Columbus returned with plundered wealth and 1 Indians. On March 15th, 1493, he returned to Puerto Barros, Spain, and announced to Europeans that he had found the route to India. This caused a sensation in Europe, and Columbus was treated by the king and became a nobleman in Spain. Soon, the king of Spain decided to send Columbus to sail again. This time, Columbus arrived in Dominica, Haiti and other places. Since then, Columbus has arrived in America twice. However, due to the lack of gold where Columbus went, he did not bring huge income to the Spanish treasury, nor did he make himself a rich man. Instead, he was jealous and excluded by Spanish nobles. On May 2th, 156, he died of illness in Valladolid, Spain. Columbus thought to his death that India was where he went. Later, an Italian adventurer named Americana went to the other side of the American continent and saw the Pacific Ocean, thus confirming that Columbus discovered not India, but a new continent unknown to Europeans in the past. Later, people called it America, America. While Spain sent people to sail west, the Portuguese were constantly looking for the route to the east. The Portuguese have been sailing westward for a long time. As early as 1487, Portuguese Dias, with the encouragement of the king, organized ships to sail south along the African coast and reached the Cape of Good Hope in the southernmost part of Africa. Then, Portuguese da Gama (1469-1524) organized a larger fleet, set out from Lisbon on July 8, 1497, first followed the route discovered by Dias, arrived at the Cape of Good Hope in November of the same year, and sailed north from there. In March 1498, they arrived in Mozambique. Under the guidance of an Arab guide, Da Da established a stronghold here, but was resisted by the local people, so he hurried back after buying a large number of spices, silk, precious stones and other oriental specialties. The net profit of the goods he brought back this time is 6 times of the total sailing cost. In the later voyage, the Portuguese brought more horses and cannons, defeated the organized resistance in various parts of the Indian Ocean, established many commercial and military strongholds, and finally controlled this route to the East. It was Magellan who really proved that he could sail around the world through exploration. Although the Spanish discovered America, the benefits gained there were far less than those gained by the Portuguese in India, so Spain was determined to continue sailing westward in order to reach India from the west. On September 2th, 1519, Portuguese Magellan (148-1521), with the support of the King of Spain, led an expedition fleet consisting of five galleons and 265 sailors to sail west along the known road, then turned south and groped south along the American continent. I stopped for quite a long time on the way because of the cold in winter. Since then, the South American Strait has been discovered at the arrival of spring, and people later called it strait of magellan. When crossing the Pacific Ocean, Magellan's fleet experienced a serious shortage of food and fresh water. Some people who lost hope once launched a rebellion against Magellan, and the leader of the rebellion was left on a desert island on the way by Magellan. In March 1521, I finally arrived in the Philippines. Magellan's fleet was replenished here. Magellan was killed by the local natives when he intervened in the civil war on the island. Later, the fleet entered the Indian Ocean along the familiar route, and then returned to Spain along the route discovered by the Portuguese. When the fleet returned to Spain in September 1522, the sailors were surprised to find that the calendar used was one day less. Through this voyage, the earth circle theory was confirmed. After the discovery of the new sea route, the world's exchanges expanded further. However, in the early days, due to the gap between the East and the West in terms of economic development level and weapons, Europeans began large-scale colonial activities, occupying colonies in Africa, Asia and America, oppressing and exploiting local people and conducting slave trade.