Eight Scenes of Clear Snow and Yanjing in Xishan Mountain

The Eight Scenic Spots in Yanjing are eight famous scenic spots in old Beijing, also known as "Eight Scenic Spots in Yanshan" or "Eight Scenic Spots in Yantai". It was formed between the Jin Dynasty and the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and later scholars wrote poems in succession, hence the name.

In the 16th year of Qing Qianlong (175 1), the eight scenes in Li Hongli's calendar of Qing emperor are: autumn wind of Taiye, spring shadow of Qiongdao, sunset glow of Jintai, smoke tree of thrips, clear snow in Xishan, sudden snow in Yuquan, abortion in Lugou and Juyong jade. At that time, they were all carved out of stones and monuments, with small prefaces and poems. The appearance of the eight scenic spots in Yanjing had a great influence on the later scenic spot construction. From then on, no matter "the city of ten rooms, the city of three miles, the garden of five acres, the Lin Fan Palace, and the eight scenic poems".

Development history

The Eight Scenes of Yanjing began in the Jin Dynasty, and Beijing was called "Yanjing" from the Liao Dynasty. In the first year of Zhenyuan (1 153), Yan Yanliang, the fourth son of the Jin Dynasty, entered Yanjing from Huining House in the northeast, and was named Yanjing Daxing House in Zhongdu. Yanjing is also another name for Beijing.

Emperors of the Jin Dynasty were Jurchen people who lived between Baishan and Heishui. They still yearn for the survival of nomadic hunting in the wilderness in the spring and autumn, and are not used to the heat in Jinzhongdu, so they have built a large number of detached palaces around Jinzhongdu. Xishan in the west and Yanshan in the north of Jinzhong are the remnants of Taihang Mountain. Among them, Xiangshan is the closest to the urban area. Jin Shizong, the fifth son of Jin Dynasty who likes to travel around, built the Palace and Daianji in Xiangshan in the 26th year of Dading (1 186). Jin Zhangzong, the sixth son of heaven in Jin Dynasty, likes to travel around. He used to spend the summer and hunt in Xiangshan, and built a sightseeing tower and a worship platform in Xiangshan. According to legend, when Jin Zhangzong was resting on the south side of Anji in Xiangshan, he dreamed that there was a spring water gushing from the place where the shot arrow fell. As soon as he woke up, he ordered people to dig according to his dream. Sure enough, he found a clear spring in his eyes, so he named it "Mooncherry", which is similar to the "Shuangqing Spring" in Shuangqing Villa today.

Jin Zhangzong also named the eight scenic spots in Admiralty Ferry as "Yanjing Eight Scenes", among which "Qiongdao Chunyin" in Beihai is a spring scene, "Juyong Diecui" in Juyongguan is a summer scene, "Taiyue Goldwind Pumping Rich" in Zhonghai is autumn scenery, and "Xishan Sunny Snow" in Xiangshan is a winter scene.