Idle reading "Poems with Fate" (689)

Cold Zhai Nightmare, an ancient poem, consists of ten volumes. Hui Hong (107 1 year-1128) was a monk in the northern song dynasty. The style of this book is between notes and poetry, but it is mainly poetry. Poetry is often quoted by Yuan You people, especially Su Shi and Huang Tingjian. The book puts forward and expounds some poetic theories by quoting poems.

Hibiscus is another name for lotus and lotus. "Bear Biography": "The green dress of eggplant is embarrassing, and it was worn by Zhu Rong." Gao Mingqi's "Two Rhymes, Showing Colors on Monday and Seeing the Moon": "The scenery of the Japanese yen is completely lost, and the husband is clean." But the "hibiscus" here is not lotus, but hibiscus mutabilis, also known as hibiscus flower, frost-resistant flower, Manglietia, ground hibiscus, Hua Mu, and Lysimachia christinae, which are flowers originating in China. Flowers and leaves can be used as medicine, and the stem bark contains 39% cellulose. Stem bark fiber is flexible and water-resistant, which can be used for textile, rope making, cable, hemp substitute and raw materials, and also for paper making. The ancients also used hibiscus flowers to mash juice into pulp and dyed silk to make accounts, which is the famous "hibiscus account".

Tao Hongjing (456-536), a celebrity, lived in seclusion in Huayang, and was born in Liling, Danyang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). Taoist scholar, alchemist and medical scientist in the Southern Dynasties. Born in the Southern Dynasties. At the age of 20, Emperor Gaudi of Qi was introduced to serve the kings, and later worshipped the general in Zuohoudian. In the sixth year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty (488), Yang He's original calligraphy was acquired in Maoshan. In the tenth year of Yongming (492), he resigned and lived in seclusion in Qushan (now Maoshan, Jiangsu Province), inheriting Shangdong and creating Maoshan School of Taoism. After Liang Wudi acceded to the throne, he sent messengers many times, but he never got out of the mountain. Every time there is an important event in the imperial court, there should be frequent consultations and frequent correspondence. At that time, people called it "the Prime Minister in the Mountain". Tao Hongjing advocates the confluence of Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism, and thinks that "the mixing of various laws cannot surpass the three religions". Sorting out Shennong's herbal classics, compiling seven volumes of Notes on Materia Medica, * * * recording more than 700 kinds of drugs (the original book has been lost, and now only Dunhuang suicide note exists). There are many works, such as the True Letters Patent, Ascending the True Secrets, Nourishing the Nature and Prolonging the Life, Picking Golden Elixir and Yellow White Prescription, General Prescription of Medicine, Stories of Huayang Pottery, etc. Good at painting and calligraphy, proficient in piano, chess and calligraphy. Calligraphy works are in Cao Li, and its paintings are halal. His calligraphy and painting works include Two Cows, Shan Jutu and One.

Heartbroken grass refers to the alias of hibiscus mutabilis. Shao Tinglu (Volume 19): "Li Bai said:' It used to be a hibiscus flower, but now it is a broken grass. How long can it take to convince people with color? ""Tao Hongjing's Fairy Tale says: "Lysimachia christinae is inedible, and its flowers are beautiful, so it is called hibiscus." Hong's "Poems of Cold Zhai Nightmare": "It used to be a hibiscus flower, but now it is broken grass. How long can it take to convince people with color? "Tao Hongjing's Notes on Fairy Prescriptions said:' Kidney tea is inedible, and its flowers are beautiful, so it is called hibiscus flower.' "Song Zhaowei Yan's" Clouds Full of Chao "Volume 1:" The old shop cloud: hibiscus flower roots are not removed for three years, killing people. Recall an ancient poem:' Once it was a hibiscus flower, now it is a broken grass. Then the ancients have said it. "

Mi Fang-Zhi, namely Fang Yizhi, (161-1671), also known as Mangong, also known as posthumous title Long Mianyu, was renamed as posthumous title Hongzhi after becoming a monk. Tongcheng (now Tongcheng, Anhui Province), Anqing Prefecture, and Nanzhili. Thinker, philosopher and scientist in Ming Dynasty. Fang Yizhi's life happened in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which made his personal experience very bumpy. Life can be divided into three periods. In the early days, relying on the lingering shadow of my ancestors, I was able to live a rich scholar's life of "well dressed, decorated with fine horses, singing and blowing, very elegant". In the middle period, after the demise of the Ming Dynasty, he fled from Beijing to Nanjing, and then passed through Zhejiang and Fujian to Guangdong and Guangxi. From thirty-four to forty-two, more than ten years of hard exile left a deep imprint on his thoughts. Shunzhi nine years (1652) returned to the north. In the tenth year of Kangxi (167 1), Fang Yizhi died in the beach of fear outside Wan 'an on the Ganjiang River at the age of 6 1. He was one of the four sons in the late Ming Dynasty (Fu She Si Zi and Jin Ling Si Zi). He wrote more than 4 million words in his life, most of which have been lost. There are dozens of surviving works covering literature, history, philosophy, geography, medicine and physics.

Zheng Kangcheng, namely Zheng Xuan, (127-200), the word Kangcheng. A native of Gaomi County (now gaomi city), Beihai County. Confucian scholars and masters of Confucian classics in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.

Kang Cheng's Notes on Shi Mao refers to Zheng Xuan's Biography of Shi Mao, abbreviated as or Jane. Zheng Xuan, centering on Shi Mao, preached Confucianism through three poems in this article. "Note that poetry is mainly based on Mao, and Mao Yi's omission is even more obvious. If anything, it is to make it recognizable. " Mao Zhuan is limited to exegesis, which is too brief, but this book not only explains the meaning of words, but also stresses arts and sciences, and is used to chapter quotation, which is enough to fill its gaps and inventions. If you see that Mao Zhuan does not conform to the Confucian classics, you can correct its mistakes with three theories or express your own opinions. There are hundreds of them. However, Jian Zheng made little innovation in the theme of this poem and the poet's primitive temperament. The insistence on the preface of poetry is particularly obvious. It is more reasonable to regard the Book of Songs as a classic taught by sages than to attach meaning, and make some far-fetched explanations, which are basically consistent with those in Mao Zhuan.

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○967 Still look at the meaning; Still work hard. When you read p m 4 n, the meaning of words is beautiful.

Stop, sound gòu zhǐ, which means to meet each other, and say "Poem Calling South and Grass Worm": "If you stop, your heart will fall." Mao Chuan: "Stop, stop. Hey, meet him. " Qingyuan Mei's "The New Qi Xie Kirin Shouts Injustice": "The husband is out, and the concubine is worried." If I stop, my heart will drop. "It is human nature to feel at ease when you see it." Tang Shenquan started the preface of "Crying for Cui Yesi, the Second Duke of Sumeizhou", saying: "I owe the North a favor, stop halfway and visit the old." According to Zheng's note "sex", that is, copulation between men and women, it seems to make sense. Men and women have done things, but their desires have decreased.

"Hu Tianran, Hu Randi." This sentence is actually "Hu however, heaven also! Hu Randi also! " From The Book of Songs Yongfeng Gentlemen Grow Old Together. Original text: "A gentleman grows old together with his son." The appointment of the Committee is like a mountain and a river, which fits well. What are clouds like when children are not beautiful? It's embarrassing and embarrassing. Curly hair like a cloud, disdain, jade is also beautiful, like, but also beautiful. Hu Ran field! Hu however, the emperor also! Xi Xi Xi, its exhibition also. It's a shame to be a diaosi The son is young and his face is young. Exhibition is like a person, and the country is also a source! Then came the idiom "Hu Tian Hu Di", which is usually interpreted as: Hu: He; Emperor: refers to the gods. What is heaven, what is emperor. Meaning: 1, initially describing the clothes as beautiful as a god, and later expressing respect and admiration. Xu's "Popular Romance of the Republic of China" back to the 37th chapter: "The door of danger opened, but I saw a gorgeous girl, the daughter of Hu Tianhu, walking down from danger. "2. Used in a derogatory sense to describe absurd words and presumptuous behavior. Liang Zhou's "Ershi Temple's Winter Feeling Rhyme": Hu Tianhu's heart is intoxicated, and he is suspicious of rain and clouds.

"Yang, red anger", the voice of líng wēI y mǎng ? ng, chì biāo nù. Ling Weiyang, one of the five ancient gods, is the God of the East, also known as the God of Spring. "The Book of Rites" "Rites, no monarch, shameless. A king was born out of what his ancestors did. It is accompanied by the note of his ancestor "Han Zhengxuan": "The ancestors of kings all feel the essence of the five emperors. Paleness is spirit and prestige, red is anger, yellow is the hub, white is rejection, and black is juice. " Tang Gong Yan's "Sacrifice to the Five Emperors" Zhou Li Tianguan is "Di Qing's spirit in the east, Chi Di's anger in the south, the hub of the Yellow Emperor in the middle, the rejection of the White Emperor in the west and the juice of Hei Di in the north." Red wrath, the god of the south, rules summer. Also known as "Chi Di".

Text from The Book of Songs Xiaoya Du Ren. Later generations think that this poem is probably the work of the king who moved to the flat, and Zhou people think about the prosperity of the past and mourn the injury of the past. Through the description of the clothes, Rong Zhi and words of Beijing nobles in the past, they expressed their nostalgia for the appearance of Kyoto people in the past. There are five chapters and six sentences in each chapter, and the whole poem uses fu method. The plain narrative contains strong emotional content. The original text of the fourth chapter: "Bidu people are persistent. This noble woman has curly hair like a scorpion. I don't look, I will follow. " Biography of Song Zhuxi's Poems: "Ye Fu." (Chapter 4) "Gaiyue is invisible. If I can see it, I will accept it. I feel very. "

Yao, pronounced yáo, is the name of the legendary ancient emperor. The legendary ancient tribal leader "Tao Tang" ruled Pingyang (now southwest of Linfen, Shanxi).

Knocking the earth, pronounced as jρrγng, is interpreted as "the name of ancient game" in Ci Yuan, which is generally considered as an ancient throwing game. Wang Chong of the Eastern Han Dynasty wrote in Lun Heng Pian: "It is said that people who went on the road fifty years ago, the audience said,' Great, Yao!'" The digger said,' Work at sunrise, rest at sunset, dig wells and drink, plow fields and eat. "How powerful I am!" "It means that in the ancient times of Emperor Yao, there were" fifty-year-old "old people playing digging games on the road. An "audience" said, "Great! Without Yao's kindness, how could there be such leisure to smash the soil? " The old man disagreed with this sentence, saying that I get up to work when the sun comes out, go home to rest when the sun goes down, have water to drink when digging wells, have food when farming, and play in my spare time. What does this have to do with Yao? This is the earliest record of digging activities. From the analysis of the meaning of "smashing soil", "smashing" means smashing and throwing; "Soil" is not a special project. Cihai said that "soil is the floorboard of soil". It can be inferred that "bumping into soil" at that time was a game of throwing clods. As for the later use of clogs, bricks and so on. , is the development of game equipment. Liu Xi in the Eastern Han Dynasty said in "Interpretation of Names": "Beating the earth is the play of wild old people". Following "Beating the Earth" in Wang Chong's Lun Heng Zhang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Huangfu Mi's Biography of Gao Shi also described Yao's game of beating the earth while traveling in the fields. When he met the "father of the earth", he sang while beating the earth. "The world of Emperor Yao is peaceful and the people are well. Father Tu is over eighty years old, and he strikes the earth in the road. The audience said,' Great! The virtue of the emperor is also. Let the husband say,' Work at sunrise, rest at sunset, dig wells and drink, plow fields and eat. How can the emperor be so kind to me! (Collection of Literature and Art, Volume 11). The "soil" used to smash the soil should be clods at first, and then it gradually changed. There is such a record in the "Yi Wen Zhi" by Han Wei Dan Chun of the Three Kingdoms: "The soil is wood, with a width of four feet and a width of three inches, and it is shaped like a shoe." At this time, the "earth" has developed into a wooden product with a length of one foot four inches, a width of three inches, and a width at the front and a width at the back, which is more durable. "Can play, first hit a soil to the ground, from thirty or forty steps to knock the soil in your hand, the best in the middle. The way to play is to put a piece of "soil" on the ground next to it and hit it with another piece of "soil" in thirty or forty steps. If you hit it, you win. It shows that the soil-striking at this time has formed a kind of competition, competition and accurate throwing activity.

Zhou Chu (240-297) was born in Wuxian (now Yixing, Jiangsu). Minister and general of the Western Jin Dynasty, son of Zhou Fu, the satrap of Poyang, Soochow. It is a disaster in the village to indulge yourself when you are young. Later, he turned over a new leaf, visited the famous Lu Ji and the prodigal son, and studied hard, leaving behind the legend of "eliminating three evils in a week". It was not difficult to worship Zuo Cheng and move eastward, and his achievements were better than his father's. After Wu's death, he went to the Western Jin Dynasty, worshipped Xinping and turned to Guanghan, and managed the territory well. Being an ordinary waiter and making suggestions is integrity. Offend Liang Xiaowang and Sima Yao. In the seventh year of Yuankang, he became the general of Jianwei, went to Guanzhong to crusade against the rebellion of Qi Wannian, a frontier force, and died in battle. Posthumous title is General Xiao Pingxi. The early Zhou Dynasty also made great achievements in history and literature, including 30 pieces of Silent Language and Wu Shu, but they have been lost. Another book, Topography, is the earliest book introducing local seasons and customs in China, which has a certain influence on later generations. Modern people look up the customs such as Dragon Boat Festival, Chinese Valentine's Day and Double Ninth Festival on the basis of this "local record".

Local Records of Yangxian County was written by Jin and Zhou. Miscellaneous notes on customs in Jin Dynasty. This book mainly records the age, sacrifices, food, products and geography of Yangxian (now Yixing, Jiangsu) area. Sui Shu's Annals of Classics says there are three volumes in this book, and there are ten volumes in New and Old Tang Books, Records of Literature and Art and Annals of Classics. Liu Zhiji's Shi Tong Bu Zhu Pian calls it "classical Chinese words, which are listed in chapters and sentences; Deliberate narrative, in the boutique book. " However, after the Tang Dynasty, this book was lost. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, Wang Mo collected 97 articles from the 19 population book and compiled them into Other Historical and Geographical Books, a suicide note of the Han and Wei Dynasties, but it was not widely published and the version was destroyed. Later, Jin Wuxiang looked for quotations from other books, expanded them on the basis of Wang Mo's compilation, and published them in the 20th year of Guangxu (1894). Yuan Mei had not published a series of books at that time, so it was impossible to read this book, and there was no evidence for his so-called "imitation of Song people".

Huangfuyuanyan, namely Huangfu Mi (mi), (2 15-282), was named Jing when he was young, and his word was Shi' an, so he was called Xuan (the ancient word "Xuan" was connected with "Yuan"). People from Chaona County (now Lingtai County, Gansu Province) and Anding County moved to Xin 'an (now Xin 'an County, Henan Province). A scholar, medical scientist and historian in the Western Jin Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms, and the great-grandson of Huangfusong, a famous Eastern Han Dynasty. After being a writer all my life, I still can't put it down. When Emperor Wu of Jin was tired of collecting books, he borrowed books from himself, and Emperor Wu gave him a car. His book Acupuncture Classics is the first monograph on acupuncture in China, and is known as the "originator of acupuncture". In addition, he also compiled a hundred years of emperors, a biography of Gao Shi, a biography of Yi Shi, a biography of women, and a collection of Mr. Yan Yuan. It is famous in medicine and literature history. As for "attacking the soil", he was recorded as an official record in Centennial of the Emperor and Biography of Gao Shi, which became a symbol of peace and prosperity, accepted by the ruling class and widely circulated in later generations.

(coming soon)