Guanzhong dialect of Shaanxi dialect

An organ of the employing unit describes: "eyes": good looks are pleasing to the eye, disgust is eye training, trouble is numbness, ugliness hurts the eyes, ugliness hurts the eyes, impatience is eye-catching, stubbornness is eye-catching, helplessness is eye-catching, things are rare, there are no eyebrows, dissatisfaction is eye-catching, people look forward to poverty and hurt their red eyes, and no affection is called dryness and rigidity. "Hand": used in southern Shaanxi. It is skilled in calling an old hand, helping to call a partner, demanding is called selling, selling is selling, and thieves are called three hands. Carefully, willing to dig a gripper. "Feet": uphill is called climbing feet, downhill is called sending feet, walking is called turning feet, fork in the road is called leaving feet, without shoes or socks is called thin feet, and it is hard to do heavy work. "Qi": In Guanzhong area, people are often called angry, unlucky when encountering bad things, angry at birth, angry when suffering from dementia, extravagant when being stingy, greedy when being punished, blessed when being punished, smart when being a child, dull when doing things, beautiful when encountering good things, lucky when encountering good things, dead when dying, fresh when being generous, and fashionable when wearing clothes.

Use the zodiac to describe people: as wicked as a mouse, as stubborn as an ox, as fierce as a tiger, as fierce as a rabbit, as fierce as a dragon, as poisonous as a snake, as happy as a horse, as soft as a sheep, as smart as a monkey, as red as a comb, as stupid as a pig and as light as a dog's tail.

Described in geographical terms: "Mountain": conceited and complacent, called Zhang Shan; Amateur juggler, named for the mountain; Bragging is called piling mountain; The frivolous one is called Drifting Mountain. "Water": calling for water from one's own pocket, seeking illegal benefits is called fishing for oil and water, too wordy is called splashing water, and if you can't find it, it is called falling into the water.

Described by numbers: "two" is usually used for lazy people: two-wheeled carts, two-mixed, two-ruffian, two-prodigal, two-hanger, two-wool and so on. For some mentally or psychologically abnormal people, they usually use: two eggs, two poles, two pastes, two sticks, two goods, two stubble, two gossip, two eight ideas and so on.

The attributive "de" is used to describe: lively and active people are monkey-like, people with a lot of thoughts are ghost-like, people with fashionable clothes are floating, people with dull thoughts are boring, people with dull behavior touch porcelain, people who are lazy in their work are dishonest, people who quit their jobs are honest, flatterers are light, people who don't listen to advice are stubborn, and people who are full of enthusiasm are slick.

Use nouns to describe "Tai" or "Madam". Too much pride, too much irrationality, too much fashion, too arrogant, too red in official career, too light in flattery, and too versatile. Cleverness is too refined, mischief is too bad, and silence is too porcelain. There are also overlapping accents: "The Party's reform and opening-up policy is excellent" and "I am Miss Garlic Bolting".

Adjectives were added before the word "people": people who can get along with others are stubborn, people who steal and turn around are blind, people who please them all around are slick, people who are cold and dull, people who are eccentric and hot and cold, and people who know that a dead end is bound to be forced.

Synonyms of different types of words: in Guanzhong area, it is often heard that discord is called failure, dryness is called interference, itching is called injury and bite, appropriateness is called just right, severance is called pulling down, carelessness is called grass, and shorty is called bloke. Fat people are called Yuan Wei and thin people are called dry monkeys, but they can't be called panting. The flute is called a bamboo tube, the piano is called a string, the gong is called Dangdang, the cymbal is called, the cymbal is called a cymbal, the suona is called a horn, and the sesame cake is called. Advocating people to lick their paws, going out for a walk and walking around, showing their advantages to others is called showing off debts, and it doesn't matter if they don't like to hate to go away. Looking around is called playing tricks, being meticulous is called practicing economy, being grumpy is called dirty board, and at least it is called swearing casually, distorting the facts is called sticking, being naughty is called making trouble, crying and shouting, and swearing privacy is called exposing shortcomings.

Many artists and scholars (including Gao Jianqun) believe that Shaanxi dialect was called Yayan in ancient times. These "experts" did not specify whether "Shaanxi dialect" refers to modern Shaanxi dialect or ancient Shaanxi dialect. But from the perspective of language environment, it should refer to modern Shaanxi dialect-in fact, it should be called "Guanzhong dialect" more accurately.

This statement, from the emotional point of view, can be identified as love for hometown; But from the perspective of historical knowledge, there are indeed problems.

During the Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties, Guanzhong area was the political and cultural center of China for a long time. There is no doubt that this place gave birth to the Guanzhong dialect as the "elegant language" and the official language in the Book of Songs and Tang poetry. But we know that there was a war at the end of the Tang Dynasty, the five dynasties changed, the Song Dynasty weakened and the country moved south. Since the Tang Dynasty, Guanzhong has lost its position as the national political and cultural center. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was the border of Song and Liao, and in the Southern Song Dynasty, it was the territory of Jin people. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the royal family, nobles and upper-class cultural elites in Chang 'an brought the so-called "elegant language"-Guanzhong dialect to the south to avoid the war. It is said that this is one of the components of modern Hakkas. I once heard a scholar say that Hangzhou dialect is Tang Yayan.

However, most of the people left behind are ordinary people who lead the car to sell pulp, and their awareness of defending language is already very weak. Coupled with the strong invasion of foreign words brought by ethnic minorities in the north and south, how pure is "Yayan"? In addition, since the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the language has been constantly absorbing new words, developing and changing, and today's Guanzhong dialect is not equal to Han, Tang and Yayan.

As for the phenomenon that some ancient Chinese words remain in dialects, it exists in almost any dialect in China. For example, Wang Yuewen, the author of the novel Traditional Chinese Painting, found that there were many ancient Chinese words in his hometown dialect. ) Because dialects and written language themselves influence each other, both in ancient and modern times. Classics such as The Book of Songs and Historical Records were all written in Shaanxi, and some authors were from Shaanxi. Of course, this phenomenon is even more.

From the perspective of promoting regional culture, we should vigorously advocate the protection of dialects and establish dialect corners, but we must clarify ideological mistakes. We can't protect the dialect just because it wears the "elegance" hat, and ignore it without the glory of Han and Tang Dynasties. That's not enough. Guanzhong dialect has only four tones, but it has obvious correspondence with the tones of Mandarin. The pronunciation of most words conforms to the tone comparison table. Take Xi 'an dialect as an example: the consonants with unvoiced consonants and consonants with voiced consonants are the main ones that do not conform to the above correspondence. In Putonghua, clear words are irregularly divided into four tones: Yin, Yang, Shang and Qu, and the sub-voiced words are classified as clear and voiced, while in Guanzhong dialect, clear words and sub-voiced words are classified as Yin Ping. For example, "eight blessings, pens, and turbid times become' Maiyue'".

Pronunciation characteristics

If Mandarin is flat (one tone), Shaanxi will pronounce it softly.

If Mandarin is an upper tone (two tones), Shaanxi dialect is still an upper tone.

Mandarin is voiced (three tones) and Shaanxi dialect is voiced.

Mandarin is voiced (four tones) and Shaanxi dialect is voiced.

-When reading words that start with vowels or semi-vowels, there is "η" (ng) as the initial. For example, love is pronounced "ξāI" and "ηan".

-t and q, j and z, d and j, y and n are partially confused or reversed. The use of Shaanxi dialect varies from place to place. For example, it is pronounced "z is not u" and the old original pronunciation means squat. The following are some common expressions of Guanzhong dialect in Shaanxi:

1. Hita-here, here.

2. Wu Da-There, where?

3. Ida-Where? The general answer is: Watt (you have to read wo er continuously), for example, are you going to Ada?

4. Ah, four (four tones)-where? Which one is it? General answer: hold four.

5. Last night-Yesterday

6. One month ago-the day before yesterday

7. The last child-the day after tomorrow

8. Tomorrow-Tomorrow

9. A year has passed (like a child's voice)-last year.

10. Spy work-Great

1 1. Whip.

12. Appropriate (three times) or-urgent and in a hurry

13. Difficult areas-difficult, not easy to do

14. A piece of sea roll-chatting and chatting.

15. smashing-putting on airs, hitting the face and filling the fat man, that is awesome.

16. Flower stirring-joking, pranks and teasing.

17. Zen (four tones)-do it well, do it well,

18. coquetry-excessive enthusiasm, suspected of flattery.

19. Muluan (Muersheng)-uncomfortable, uncomfortable and upset.

20. Strike-average, good, good.

2 1. Makabad

22. Wooden bags-slow moving and wasting time.

23. Fine fragrance, fine method-careful and careful preservation.

24. Liao (more exciting rhetoric)-very good, beautiful, very good.

25. Wandering from the West to the seaside-untidy, untidy and unclean.

26. In front-around, nearby.

27. Motor-Trouble, problem

28. Ma Minger-bastard, unreasonable.

29. Porcelain horse stare blankly-not smart, slow, distracted.

30. Kramer-Please, use fast to describe people. L 1: hurry up

3 1. Shoot-it's over, which means the situation is irreversible.

32. Gadamas I and Tan I-a mess.

33. Get out of the way-stay away.

34. What's the matter with you? What's the matter with you?

35. adjectives of success, such as success, beauty.

36. Hungry thief-an uncivilized expression of surprise and sigh.

37. It's gone.-Shit, shit.

38. Er-personal pronoun, I

39.nia (you can also read NIAI)-people.

40. Let's go (California)

4 1. buddy-generally refers to friends and buddies.

42. Strange-strange

43. Temple-Yes.

44. She said.

45. Bo-no, for example, "You write a blog", and "Bo" means "Stop it" and "No"

46. Disaster Kidnapping-You are a coward and a bad person.

47. Hammer-especially a man's genitals or an exclamation when he is surprised. Don't say it in front of women.

48. Break free-get out of here. Often used with meta, for example, broken.

49. Bad monster-Lying

50. Nenglu (four tones) is an uncivilized term, which means "what can you do" to describe someone's incompetence.

5 1. Gejiu ha (Hua)-get down.

52. Do you care about people?

53. The wall is old-the corner means.

54. Black ancient cave (black mouse)-it means you can't see anything at night.

55. Wo Wo-used to refer to cotton shoes.

56. Blame-swearing words.

57. It is a shame to lose someone.

59. Sang Nian (four tones, pronounced on the same day, in fact, is the dialect pronunciation of "lost eyes")-it means that it is shameful and the things you do are very uncomfortable. For example, you are very mulberry! What you have done is terrible! )

60. Krima-Can you hurry up? For example, Krima-I'm waiting for you to leave.

6 1. Very annoying (very charming, po Fan)-it means a little annoying (also tired), which is similar to the literal meaning. Now there is no such word in Mandarin.

62. Porcelain stare blankly-meaning dull (say it again, porcelain stare blankly)

63. Gadamasi-the meaning of a mess.

64. Guapi-swear words mean a fool.

65. Hey, that's a good description. How beautiful!

66. Hudson-bad guy, naughty!

67. Dull and not smart-describe people as dull, stupid and naive.

68. Boredom-the meaning of a fool.

Represents something:

1. Shelves-especially shelves in cupboards where cooked dishes are put in the kitchen.

2. Grate-the shelf for putting steamed bread in the pot when steaming steamed bread, which is generally torus and supported by three legs.

3. Water-especially seasoning water or Chili oil used for dipping jiaozi and steamed bread.

4. Electric kettle-thermos, thermos.

5. screwdriver-a tool for screwing screws, screwdriver

6.biangbiang noodles-a kind of pasta

7.hoe broom

8.shovel-shovel

9. Fleas

10. "My headache" means "My headache"

1 1. Legend: Xi dialect (sticky sound) refers to the meaning of speaking.

12. Beat my swing 13. Drive out of the field-in the old society, when farmers harvested wheat, they expanded a piece of land in the field, dried the wheat on it, and then crushed it with stones to separate the wheat grains from the straw.

14. Forgive-used when reprimanding, indicating that you said something you shouldn't have said, and sometimes using a sub to describe someone who likes to talk nonsense.

Express psychological emotions:

1. Work hard (it should be called "stop work, four tones")-the feeling of being uncomfortable, unable to get up and down, and the anxiety when there is no way out.

2. It's called knot-the feeling of hanging in the air and fishbone in the throat.

3. hold it (wo 2)-comfortable "hold it to death" means "comfortable to death"

4. Extremely light-surprise, "What's the big deal? Look at you."

5. Muluan (mu two sounds)-"Muluan" is pronounced as "courtyard", which means to hate someone or something. The township party has to start with the establishment of ancient civilian households. "Township" and "Party". They were all made up by the ancient people of China. China's first dynastic history "Han Shu" records: "Five neighbors are neighbors, five neighbors are neighbors, four neighbors are homes, five are parties, five are states, and five are townships. In other words, 500 households are Party households and12,500 households are townships. The words "township" and "party" are used together to refer to people in the township, that is, fellow villagers. With the passage of time, township, party and other rural administrative regional units are no longer used, but the word "township party" has been extended.

Interestingly, people in Guanzhong often call married women "outsiders". Such as: "Why haven't you seen anyone in your house these days?" "My family is going to stay at home these days!" Although the origin of calling women "housekeepers" cannot be verified, it is largely related to the division of labor and the emergence of "male farming and female weaving". In the past, in the farmhouse, men worked in the fields, while women were spinning and weaving at home, with a clear distinction between the inside and the outside. Over time, there have been appellations of calling men "outsiders" and women "insiders" on the land of Guanzhong.

The word "outsider" has long been an elegant masterpiece. Take A Dream of Red Mansions as an example. In the 1990s, Schick thought, "... but that's my brother's house. "The first time 120, Aaron thought," ... actually, I didn't tell my master and wife that I was your family. The meaning of "servant girl" in the above example is similar to that of married women in Guanzhong dialect.

It's interesting to talk about "250". In the rural areas of Guanzhong, people call those reckless people "250". "250" is a number, how can you describe people? There are many theories about its origin. There are two kinds here: one comes from Pai Jiu, and the other is a gambling tool. Pai Jiu has two cards, Baner (four points) and Wu Yao (six points). These two cards add up to 10, which is called "death ten" when playing nine. This dead ten is the smallest point in Pai Jiu, and any card can be controlled. Therefore, people use Baner and Wu Yao to describe those who are reckless, stupid and do things without considering the consequences. "250" is a transliteration of "two boards and five". The second one is from a historical story. Legend has it that during the Warring States Period, Su Qin was killed. The King of Qi vowed to avenge Su Qin, but he couldn't catch the murderer at the moment, so he came up with a clever plan: put up a poster at the gate saying that Su Qin was a spy, and killed him to save the country from great harm. He should be rewarded with 1,200 gold, and the traitor should come as soon as possible to receive the reward. After posting, four people claimed to have killed Su Qin. The King of Qi smiled and said, "Gold is 1,200. Can't install it! " The four men asserted that they had done it themselves. The king of Qi said, "How much will each of you share in this 1,200 gold?" The four of them said in unison, "250 each." The king of Qi was furious and shouted, "Push out these four' 250s' and behead them!" "250" came from this.

Interpretation of "seven sons" and "dog sons"

The buttocks of a person, pig, cow, etc. In Guanzhong dialect, it is called a dog. This word refers to ass, and some people write "hmm" and some people write "hmm".

"Wan" means ass, that is, ass. Interpretation of Zhang Xin dialect: "Now Pingyang and Boyi in Shanxi are called hip-like characters, and Sichuan is also called hip-like characters. The sound is exquisite and luxurious (thinking shame) like a hook, and the nine tones are turned." This last sentence means that the word "Wan" is stressed and becomes a hook sound. It's actually a polysemous word. When it comes to anus, it also refers to men's sexual behavior towards women. Guanzhong people squatted down. A "son-in-law" refers to a person who obeys Yin but not Yang. "Pointy" refers to people who can't sit still.

Duan Yucai, a philologist in the Qing Dynasty, made it very clear: "Well, so is the common cloud ditch today, and so is the common cloud butt today. There are two split reports and one unified report. " In other words, Wan, the dog, the ass and the ass all say the same thing. In Beijing in the Qing Dynasty, the oral melody of the midwife's "washing newborns for three days" included "washing eggs and being a magistrate; Wash the ditch and establish the state. " It can be seen that the groove refers to the ass is not new.

As can be seen from the above analysis, the ass says scorpion and ditch, and the ditch is smoother when reading.

The word "good" means "good". What's so good about Guanzhong? People often say "good" and "too good". This is an ancient word. First seen in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, it was later quoted as beautiful and carefree. Say that girls are beautiful and smart, add a female word. The beauty of "beautiful" people next to the word "fire, fire" is very early. The Book of Songs, Gust and Moonrise: Beauty is beauty, that is, how beautiful a beauty is. Later, this meaning changed, which means "beautiful". Dialect written by Yang Xiong in the Western Han Dynasty says it is good. Qinghai in our country is also applauded, so saying "good" is not limited to Shaanxi. Today, some areas in Shandong and Jiangsu also said so at that time.

Interesting talk about "Japanese also"

Lord Wo, this is a dialect that Guanzhong people, especially Fuping people, love to say every day. After careful study, there are many meanings. Now I will list a few for everyone to learn.

(a) refers to the beautiful and charming people. For example, "You see how many daughters-in-law the young man has married!"

(2) means that things have been done satisfactorily. Such as: "that man is careful and alive, there is nothing to doubt!" "

(3) refers to the cleanliness of the house. For example, "What a beautiful house you have tidied up!"

Outsiders don't understand this seemingly rustic word, but they have a long history of studying its origin. Guang Yun, compiled by Song people, explains: "Good luck, smooth appearance", that is, "smooth appearance". Its meaning is almost the same as that of "Ye" in Guanzhong dialect, but the people in Guanzhong have different meanings. In fact, it is an extension or expansion of "Shun Mao" in Guang Yun.

Qinrencun dialect accent

When friends chat together, humorous words sweep away the tired and melancholy mood of the day. Occasionally, a few words of local accent also added a bit of goodwill, especially the dream of Guan Zhong's dream talk made him often become the object of ridicule and the center of ridicule. Simple and clear village dialect also confuses foreign friends from time to time.

Some distant friends don't understand the rustic village dialect, so they ask Laoshan to translate it from time to time. Although Laoshan was willing to help, he also advised his friends to "rely on others rather than on themselves". In order to facilitate distant friends to know more about the language and culture of Qin people, and also to reduce the pressure of frequent oral sex. Now some common expressions are briefly recorded as follows for your reference. I also hope that friends who master more local accents can add it.

Examples of phonetic ideograms in rural dialects

Stop, stop, stop running, stop.

Finally, at most, you can eat three steamed buns at most.

China is dull and inflexible. This baby is porcelain, not lively at all.

Finish, finish this work, and then do other things.

Bandits are naughty and active. Gangsters are very active. They climb up and down all day.

Li Lisuo, look at Dolly sharpened by this knife.

Boil, boil, boil too much oil, sprinkle some oil, pepper.

I can't see the fog clearly. It's getting hotter and hotter these days, so I can't see anything in the fog.

Too many. I have been busy stabbing people for the past few days.

Open the brakes, tighten them, spread the stalls, and don't drop them halfway.

Call names, call names. Okay, what about you?

Nai, take Nai's things.

I am sleepy. I was busy sleeping for half a night. Go and get some sleep.

Go away, leave. I have my hands full right now. You should wait a while.

Take it from a height, pick the corn, and then unload it upstairs.

See this thing too thoroughly.

Elbow posturing, posturing at your elbow all day, mortals don't talk.

Whenever you see anything, you should think more about others.

The child stayed at home reading all day and didn't come out.

Look carefully. I guess you know whether there is a leak in this room.

Understand, understand again, I still don't understand what I just said.

If the building is not cleaned, it will be a mess. The child knows the building and can't clean it up.

Speaking badly, Dongsheng's daughter-in-law speaks badly, and most people can't stand it

Playing is too picky, playing is too buyer.

Are you poor if you are not rich or full?

Don't bend your elbow too much. You don't know where to put your feet.

Be anxious, be anxious. Look at you running in a hurry. What about expelling thieves?

I have known you for a long time. Why haven't I known you for a long time?

Flexible, flexible things, easy people.

There are many children there, and the noisy people are confused.

If the thumb capsule is not neat and slow, don't take it as a detail.

That man is meticulous in his work, so no one needs to worry about it.

Use it, dominate the cow, and pull it away.

Dirty, dirty, dirty, dirty, dirty, dirty, dirty, dirty, dirty, dirty.

Avoid (pi) means to avoid it.

Synonym of sun collapse and bad things.

Bao means don't worry. Xifu dialect is a kind of Guanzhong dialect in Shaanxi province, which belongs to Qinlong dialect system, covering three districts and nine counties in Baoji city and some areas in Xianyang. Baoji dialect, represented by Xifu dialect in Shaanxi Province, still retains strong accents, such as (Xià, Xifu dialect is pronounced ha), (zhòng, Xifu dialect is pronounced cheng) and (zuò, Xifu dialect is pronounced Cuo. The same age), Bai (bái, pronounced péi in Xifu dialect), Zhu (zh, pronounced zhi in Xifu dialect, pronounced Tong Kui), Ru (rú, pronounced rí in Xifu dialect), Qu (qī, pronounced qi in Xifu dialect), Na (ná pronounced lá in Xifu dialect) and Se.