Li Bai's poems describing the scenery of the Three Gorges

First Coming to Baidicheng is a seven-character quatrain written by Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, when he was pardoned during his exile. This is one of Li Bai's most famous poems. The poet combined the happy mood after forgiveness with the grandeur of the countryside and the smooth and brisk sailing along the river. The whole poem is full of exaggeration and whimsy. Elegant and shocking, but not artificial, arbitrary and natural.

original work

Release Baidicheng in advance "Release Baidicheng in advance"

[1] Thousands of miles in Jiangling, one day. The cries of apes on both sides of the strait are still unconsciously crowing in their ears, and the canoe has passed the heavy green hills. [2]

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Annotation of works

(1) Bai Di: It's on Bai Di Mountain in the east of fengjie county. Yang Qixian's Note: "Baidi City was built by Gongsun Shu. When Gongsun Shu arrived at the fish recovery, a white dragon appeared in the well, so it was called Bai Di, and the fish was changed to Bai Di City. " Wang Qi's Note: "Baidicheng is located in fengjie county, Kuizhou, which is very close to Wushan. The so-called colorful clouds refer to the clouds in Wushan. " Predecessors once thought that this poem was Li Bai's youth work when he left Sichuan. However, according to the poem "A thousand miles in a day in Jiangling", Li Bai went to the Three Gorges from Jiangling, so this poem should have been written when he came back. (2) Orientation: morning. (3) farewell. (4) Colorful clouds: As Baiti City is on the Bai Di Mountain, the terrain is towering, and it seems to fall into the clouds from the river below. ⑤ Jiangling: Jingzhou City, Hubei Province. It is about 1200 Li from Baidicheng to Jiangling, including 700 Li of Three Gorges. Li Daoyuan's "Three Gorges": "The 700-mile Three Gorges, with mountains on both sides, is indispensable. Heavy rocks overlap obstacles and block the sunshine in the sky. Since noon, there has been no sunrise and moon. As for launching Xiangling, it is blocked along the back (or back). Or the king ordered an emergency announcement. Sometimes I go to Baidicheng, and at dusk I go to Jiangling. During this period, although he was well off, he did not get sick. In spring and summer, the green pool is surging and the reflection is clear. Duoqibai, hanging spring waterfall, flies in it. Rong Qing Junmao, it's fun. At the beginning of every sunny day, first frost is in the sky, the forest is cold and quiet, and high apes often whistle, which is a sad thing. The empty valley echoes, and the sorrows and sorrows are long gone. Therefore, the fisherman sang:' The Wuxia Gorge of the Three Gorges in Badong is long, and the apes sing three times with tears on their clothes.' (6) still: still. (7) Apes: Apes. (8) Crow: Singing and calling. (9) live: stop. Chung Shan Man: The mountain has many layers. [2]

Translation of works

In the morning, the morning glow is all over the sky, and I am about to embark on my return journey. Looking up from the river, you can see the colorful clouds in Baidicheng, such as among the clouds, and the scenery is gorgeous! Jiangling, thousands of miles away, arrived in one day. The cries of apes on both sides of the strait are constantly echoing. When the ape's crow was still ringing in his ears, the brisk boat had crossed the endless mountains. [3]

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In the spring of 759 AD (the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong), Li Bai was exiled to Yelang because of the case of Li Lin, Emperor Yongli, and went to a relegated place via Sichuan. When I went to Baidi City, I suddenly received the news of pardon, and I was pleasantly surprised. Then I went to Jiangling by boat, so I wrote a poem entitled "Xiajiangling". [4]

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The four sentences in the whole poem are all in one word "flow" to reflect the refreshing mood of the poet after being forgiven. The word "colorful clouds" in the first sentence describes the high terrain of Baidicheng, which is ready for the whole article to describe the dynamic of fast walking of underwater boats. The word "room" in Colorful Clouds is taken as the meaning of partition. The poet looks back at Baidi City above the white clouds, and everything before seems to have happened in a previous life. When it comes to describing the height of Patty City, the speed of water travel is in the gap. If you don't write the height of Baidicheng, you can't reflect the big gradient gap between the upper and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Baidicheng is high in the sky, so the following sentences describe the speed of the ship, the short journey, and the crowded ears (apes) and eyes (Chung Shan Man), all of which have landed. "Colorful Clouds" is also a description of the morning scenery, showing a good weather from cloudy to sunny. At this dawn moment, the poet bid farewell to Baidicheng with excitement. The second sentence "a thousand miles" and "a day" contrast the distance of space and the brevity of time. Here, the ingenious place lies in the word "back". "Return" means return. It not only shows the poet's joy of traveling thousands of miles a day, but also reveals the joy of forgiveness. Jiangling is not Li Bai's hometown, but the word "return" is as kind as going home. The word "return" is vivid in the dark, which deserves readers' deep thinking. The realm of the third sentence is even more wonderful. In the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in ancient times, "there were often high apes whistling". The poet said, "I can't stop crying", because he is driving a fast canoe on the Yangtze River, listening to the cries of apes on both sides of the strait and looking at the mountain shadows on both sides. More than one ape's cry, more than one mountain shadow. Because of the speed of boats and pedestrians, the cries and mountain shadows become "one piece" between eyes and ears. This is how Li Bai felt about the shadow of the ape mountain when he left the gorge. Sitting on this boat, which is like an arrow leaving the string and flowing downstream, the poet feels extremely carefree and excited. In Qing Dynasty, Gui Fu praised: "Beauty lies in the third sentence, which can make the spirit of longevity fly over." In a blink of an eye, the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man. In order to describe the speed of the ship, the poet added the word "light" to the ship itself in addition to the ape sound and the mountain shadow. It is clumsy to say that the ship is fast; And the word "light" has different meanings. When the Three Gorges was in danger, the poet went upstream, not only feeling that the ship was sinking, but also feeling sluggish. "Three dynasties scalpers, it is too late. It doesn't feel like silk. " (Up to the Three Gorges) Now it's as light as nothing, and the ship is fast as readers can imagine. As soon as the "Chung Shan Man" ended, the canoe entered a smooth road, and the poet's pleasure of going through all kinds of hardships and setting foot on the road naturally showed itself. These last two sentences are not only a description of the scenery, but also a comparison, an expression of personal feelings and a summary of life experience. They are exquisite and incoherent. The whole poem gives people a feeling of straightforwardness and ethereal. But we can't fully understand the whole poem only by looking at the bold momentum and elegant brushwork. The whole poem is permeated with a kind of passion produced by hardships, so there is pride and joy in grandeur and swiftness. The pleasure of the clippers left a broad imagination space for readers. In order to express this carefree mood, the poet also deliberately uses the rhymes of "emptiness", "return" and "mountain", which makes the whole poem particularly melodious, light and long. [4] Predecessors have received rave reviews on this poem, such as Yang Shen's Poem of Sheng 'an: "The storm is coming to tears. "In the Qing Dynasty, Qianlong ordered the poem" Alcohol in Tang and Song Dynasties "to be published in seven volumes:" Sailing with the wind, you will travel thousands of miles, but you will get the scenery in front of you, and it is suspected that there is pen and ink to help. Three or four colors are very comfortable to pick up. "Ding Longyou commented:" This is the tone of God. "Wu Changqi's Interpretation of Deleting Tang Poems, Volume 13:" Insert ape sounds, colorful scenery. " Timely Li Shiwei Volume 4: "It's easy to say, but it's hard to figure out. "For thousands of years, this poem has been regarded as a treasure. The famous sentence of this poem is "The apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has crossed Chung Shan Man." Some scholars believe that "the apes on both sides of the Taiwan Strait can't stop crying" is a metaphor for the Hengli brothers killing each other. [5]

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Li Baili white elephant

[6] The word (70 1 ~ 762) is Taibai, and he is a violet layman. He claimed that his ancestral home was Ji Cheng in Longxi (now southwest of Jingning, Gansu), and his ancestral home was Suiyeju in the Western Regions at the end of Sui Dynasty (it was the capital of Anxi in the Tang Dynasty, near tokmak in northern Kyrgyzstan). When I was young, I moved to Qinglian Township, Changlong, Mianzhou (now Jiangyou, Sichuan) with my father. Teenagers show their talents, write poems, read widely and are good at chivalry. From the age of 25, I have been wandering for a long time and experienced a lot of social life. In 742 AD (the first year of Tianbao), he was called to visit the Hanlin in Chang 'an. The style of the article was famous for a while, which was appreciated by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, but it was not taken seriously politically and was destroyed by powerful people. Only one year later, he left Chang 'an. In 744 AD (Tianbao three years), he made friends with Du Fu in Luoyang. After the An Shi Rebellion broke out, he joined the Wang Yong shogunate Lilin in 756 AD, hoping to quell the rebellion. Due to the failure of Wang Yong Zheng Duo, Yelang was exiled (now Guizhou), but he was pardoned and returned to the East on his way. In his later years, he drifted to the southeast and died in Dangtu (now Anhui). His poems are mainly lyrical, showing the arrogant spirit of contempt for powerful people, expressing sympathy for people's sufferings, being good at depicting natural scenery and expressing his love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland. The poetic style is bold and unconstrained, the imagination is rich, the language flows naturally and the melody is harmonious and changeable. He is good at absorbing nutrients and materials from folk literature, myths and legends, which constitutes his unique magnificent and gorgeous colors. Li Bai is the most unique and greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan, and reached the peak of poetic art in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He has the reputation of "poetic immortal" and is also called "Du Li" with Du Fu. There are more than 1000 poems, including 30 volumes of Li Taibai's Collection. [