Which direction is simple for civil engineering graduation design?

The design part can be roughly divided into the following steps:

First, architectural design (the simplest part)

Note: The types of buildings designed in the civil engineering task books of universities probably include these categories: office buildings, teaching buildings, canteens, dormitories, hotels and residences. Remember not to choose hotels and accommodation when choosing a topic (unless you are really awesome).

Let's talk about steps first:

1, determine the functional partition of the building plane, and the architectural drawing part! (difficulty 1 star) such as: the functions of each room (dormitory, bathroom, laundry room, stairwell, corridor, etc. ), gates, fire evacuation routes, etc.

2. Determine the depth, bay size, corridor size and height of each building plane (preliminarily determine the column network and select the appropriate main section size of columns, beams and plates.

3. The method of determining the floor (terrazzo/floor tile, etc.). ), internal and external walls (paint/tiles) and roofing (including waterproof, thermal insulation, etc.). )

4. Determine the specific function distribution of each room (such as bed layout in dormitory, urinal layout in bathroom, office layout, etc.). )

The following information and drawings need to be completed:

1, ground floor plan, standard floor plan, roof plan, section plan (at least two sections, at least one section of stairwell), elevation plan (including front elevation and side elevation), and details of main nodes.

2. Architectural design description in calculation: such as design basis of functional zoning, practices of floor and roof, practices of internal and external walls, etc.

Second, structural design (calculation is the most difficult part, and everyone has the biggest headache)

1, load calculation:

① Dead load calculation: according to the results of architectural design (practices of floor and roof, practices of internal and external walls), calculate dead loads, such as the dead weight of beams, columns, floors and walls. ② Calculation of live load: determine the live load according to different buildings, and determine the load transfer direction. ③ Calculation of wind load: According to the geographical location of the building, determine the basic wind pressure, and calculate the wind load ④ The bottom shear method can be used to calculate the earthquake action. D-value method can be used for internal force analysis under earthquake.

2. Determine the calculation framework. Choose a typical frame to calculate the internal force. It is required to consider dead load, live load and earthquake action, and calculate dead load and live load respectively. Internal force combination, determine the most unfavorable internal force, and calculate the beam-column reinforcement.

3. Choose a complete floor for beam-slab structure calculation and reinforcement. (Course design of concrete structure design for floor design)

4. Select a staircase for load derivation, internal force analysis and reinforcement calculation (choose beam staircase/slab staircase with appropriate calculation method).

5. Foundation calculation (selected) Select the appropriate foundation form (independent foundation, strip foundation, etc.). ), the internal force of the foundation is determined by the superstructure, the section size of the foundation is determined, and the reinforcement of the foundation is calculated.

6. Drawing structural construction drawings (difficulty 1 star): Graduation design requires drawing all structural construction drawings as a basis for grading. (1) A frame structure construction drawing. (2) A complete floor structure plan and a complete roof structure plan, including template drawing, reinforcement drawing and reinforcement list, node details, component number, etc. : reinforcement diagram of multi-span continuous beam. Reinforcement scheme of more than two single-span floor beams. (3) A complete stair structure construction drawing. (4) Foundation layout, including foundation and parts list; (5) The infrastructure of the corresponding framework.