Cultivation method and pest control method of purple leaf plum

Cultivation method and pest control method of purple leaf plum

Cultivation methods and pest control methods of purple leaf plum, in life, when it comes to purple leaf plum, I believe everyone is familiar with it. Purple leaf plum is a purple plant and very beautiful. The following are the propagation methods and pest control methods of purple leaf plum!

Cultivation method and pest control method of purple leaf plum 1

1. Soil: Purple-leaf plum has no strict requirements on soil, likes fertile and moist neutral or acidic sandy loam, and can also tolerate mild saline-alkali soil, and can grow normally in mild saline-alkali soil with pH value of 8.8 and salt content of 0.2%.

2. Watering: Purple plum likes wet environment. In addition to watering the newly planted seedlings three times, they should also be watered 1-2 times in April, May, June and September respectively.

There is plenty of rain in July and August. If it is not too dry, there is no need to water it. When there is a lot of rain, it is also necessary to drain water in time to prevent water from rotting roots. Water must be controlled in autumn to prevent branches from growing white and freezing in winter.

3. Fertilization: Purple-leaf plum likes to fertilize, except for applying a proper amount of decomposed and fermented ring fertilizer at the bottom of the pit when planting. Purple-leaf plum likes to apply fertilizer, but it only needs to be applied 1 time in late autumn every year, and it should be applied in moderation. Too many times of fertilization or too much fertilization will make the leaves dark and not bright, which will reduce the ornamental value.

4. Pruning: Prunus purpurea tree is "evacuation layered". This kind of tree has an open and compact crown, obvious trunk and scattered main branches.

It should be noted that no matter what kind of tree, when pruning the main branches of each layer, a certain number of side branches should be reserved appropriately to make the crown full and not empty. After the tree is basically formed, only the dense branches, drooping branches, overlapping branches, cross branches and dead branches need to be cut off every year.

Second, the control methods of pests and diseases of purple leaf plum

1, Pests: The main pests of purple leaf plum are red spider, thorn moth, bag moth, leafhopper, aphid, scale insect and so on.

Control methods: 40% dicofol EC 1000 times solution can be used to kill red spider, BT emulsion 1000 times solution to kill stickleback moth and cloth moth, imidacloprid 10% 1500 times solution to kill scale insects, leafhoppers and aphids.

2. Disease: Purple leaf plum has strong disease resistance, and the common disease is bacterial perforation, which is widely distributed and harmful. After the disease occurs, it not only affects the normal growth and ornamental effect of plants, but also leads to the death of diseased plants.

Control method: reasonable pruning is beneficial to ventilation and light transmission of plants; Pay attention to the prevention and control of sucking mouthparts such as aphids and scale insects; Strengthen water and fertilizer management, avoid water accumulation in planting holes, pay attention to nutrient balance in fertilization, and pay special attention to the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer;

Spraying 5 Baume lime-sulfur mixture or 1: 1: 100 equivalent bordeaux solution before spring germination to eliminate bacterial sources; Spraying 95% Ling Jun or 15% streptomycin wettable powder 500 times at the initial stage of the disease, and spraying 1 time every 10 day for 3-4 times, can effectively control the disease.

Cultivation methods and pest control methods of Ziyeli 2. Common pests of purple leaf plum

1, marsupials

Marsupials are common and distributed in the south of Dianhuai River. Japan, India, Malaysia. Tea bag moth, eucalyptus bag moth and white bag moth are all distributed in the south of the Yangtze River in China.

The marsupial moth is a leaf-eating pest. The first instar larvae only eat the epidermis of leaves. With the increase of insect age, the amount of leaves eaten increased. When it occurs in a large area, the whole plant leaves can be eaten up in a few days, which seriously affects the growth of trees and makes the branches wither or the whole plant die. 10 year 10 mid to late October, the bag was firmly fixed on the branches with silk, and the bag mouth was closed with silk for overwintering.

Prevention and control methods:

If the damaged area is small, it can be manually unpacked and buried deeply; Spraying 5000- 10000 times of 2.5% deltamethrin EC during the larval damage period (early July).

2, straw sandals

The grasshopper is a sucking pest, which occurs once a year 1 generation. Overwintering and overwintering with eggs in soil or litter; 65438+ the second year1The harm of tree pricking and sucking to hatching clusters from late October to early February.

Male nymphs pupate at the end of April and emerge in early May. At this time, they will see white capsules on the trunk or branches, and mate with female adults after emergence. After mating, female adults dive into the soil (usually 3 cm to 6 cm deep from the ground) or lay eggs in curly dead leaves. Eggs are wrapped by ash filaments into oocysts, each containing more than 65,438+000 eggs.

When the population density of nymphs and adults of scale insects is high, they will be covered with branches, and excrement will flow down the branches, sometimes migrating in groups, covering the nearby walls and ground.

Prevention and cure method

In winter, the litter, garbage and sundries under the tree and the soil layer with egg pieces around the tree tray are removed; Before the nymph is unearthed, it is organized to manually scrape off the upturned skin at the base of the trunk (about 70cm from the ground), smear the bark gap with Tu Ping (to prevent the nymph from climbing the tree from the gap), and wrap it with wide adhesive tape (20cm to 30cm).

Apply adhesive on the adhesive tape to prevent nymphs from hurting trees, and then spray medicine under the tree tray to kill nymphs; If the nymph has been damaged by trees, it can be controlled by spraying Loeb or beta-cypermethrin; Protect natural enemy ladybugs and suppress locusts.

The common pests of purple leaf plum are red spider, leafhopper, aphid, scale insect and so on. 40% dicofol EC 1000 times solution can be used to kill red spiders, 0/0% dicofol EC 1500 times solution can be used to kill scale insects and leafhoppers, and 500 times shovel can be used to kill aphids.

3. General pests

The main pests of purple leaf plum are: red spider, thorn moth, bag moth, leafhopper, aphid, scale insect and so on. 40% dicofol EC 1000 times can kill red spider, BT emulsion 1000 times can kill stickleback moth and marsupial moth, 10% imidacloprid 1500 times can kill scale insects and leafhoppers, and shovel can kill aphids 500 times.

Second, common diseases of purple leaf plum

1, bacterial perforation

Bacterial perforation of purple leaf plum is a common and frequently-occurring disease, which also harms peach, peach, apricot, cherry blossom and other flowers and trees, and is widespread and serious. The disease not only affects the normal growth and ornamental effect of plants, but also leads to the death of diseased plants.

symptom

At the beginning of the disease, the leaves began to appear waterlogged brown spots, and then gradually expanded into purple-brown round or polygonal spots, about 2 cm in diameter, with pale yellow halo around the spots, and finally the spots gradually dried up and fell off into holes.

Occurrence law

Pathogens overwinter in diseased spots and buds of branches. The following spring, the infected tissue overflowed with pathogenic bacteria and spread infection through rain, airflow and insects.

The development temperature of the pathogen is 5 ~ 35℃, and the optimum temperature is about 25℃. In rainy days or when pests such as aphids are serious, it is easy to cause large-scale epidemic. In North China, the disease usually occurs in May, and the peak period is high temperature and high humidity in summer.

Prevention and cure method

A, reasonable pruning, make the plants ventilated;

B, pay attention to control sucking pests such as aphids and scale insects;

C, strengthen water and fertilizer management, avoid water accumulation in planting holes, pay attention to nutrient balance in fertilization, and pay special attention to the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers;

D, spraying 5-degree sulfur mixture or 1: 1: 100 equivalent bordeaux mixture before spring germination to eliminate the pathogen;

E. Spraying 95% Bacillus or 15% streptomycin wettable powder 500 times at the initial stage of the disease, spraying 1 time every 10 day and spraying continuously for 3-4 times can effectively control the disease.

2, brown spot perforation disease

Brown spot perforation is a fungal disease, and hyphae overwinter in diseased leaves. Bacteria are spread by wind and rain, usually starting in June and reaching a peak in August.

It's serious when it's windy and rainy. The diseased leaves produce purple-brown spots in the early stage, and then expand into concentric lesions with a diameter of about 3 mm. The center of the lesions is yellow-white or brown, and the edges are purple-brown. In the later stage, the lesion falls off and forms perforation. This disease is harmful to old leaves.

Prevention and cure method

Clear and burn litter in autumn and winter to reduce the source of infection; Chemical control can be carried out by spraying Baume 3-5 degree sulfur mixture or 1: 1: 120 times Bordeaux mixture before the purple leaf plum germinates. Spraying 600 times of 80% zineb wettable powder on the leaves, spraying 1 time every 7 days to 10 days, and spraying continuously for 3 times.

3, purple leaf plum gummosis

Gummosis of purple leaf plum occurs in all cultivation areas of purple leaf plum. It often harms young trees such as purple leaf plum and plum. It causes the bark of seedlings to crack and the yellow gum to flow, which reduces the tree potential and affects the ornamental of seedlings.