Detailed data collection of Shaanxi pit

Shanzhou Kengchang, located in Beiying Village, Zhangbian Township, Shanzhou District, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, is 1 1 km away from Sanmenxia City, with a planned area of 23 square kilometers. As an ancient and magical residential style with profound cultural heritage, Kengyuan is the only underground ancient residential building in China and even the world, and it is also one of the four unique ancient residential buildings in China. Known as "an ancient village under the horizon, a living fossil in the history of folk houses". 20 1 1, the pit construction skills are listed in the national intangible cultural heritage protection list.

Basic introduction Chinese name: mbth, Shanzhou Pit: Silo Cave in Shanzhou Location: Beiying Village, Zhangbian Township, Shanzhou District, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province Climate type: North temperate continental monsoon area of 23 square kilometers Opening hours: summer (May-September): 8: 30-20: 00 winter (65438+/kloc-0-10. Famous scenic spots in China: Folk Culture Park, Chuanshanzao, Hundred Family Names of China, geographical location of Baiyi, geological characteristics, climate characteristics, major scenic spots, folk customs and intangible cultural heritage, Shaanxi paper-cutting, grass printing, Shaanxi Chengniyan, Shaanxi gongs and drums, tourism information, tickets, traffic information, honors won, human history. According to data research, the ancestors of Shaanxi Plateau had dug up the land more than 4,000 years ago in Xuanyuan Huangdi period. Based on this photo, Rodolfsky, a famous architect, introduced Kengyuan to the world for the first time in the book "Architecture without Architects", which published four aerial photos of Kengyuan Village in Shaanxi. Architectural features: the pit is durable, warm in winter and cool in summer, wind and sound proof, earthquake-proof and earthquake-resistant. The temperature in the kiln is above 10 degrees Celsius in winter and around 20 degrees Celsius in summer. People call it "natural air-conditioned constant temperature residence". When I entered the village, I only heard people talking and laughing, chickens barking and dogs barking, but I couldn't see the bungalow. "You can't see people when you enter the village, but you can't see the village when you see the trees" is its true portrayal. The construction process of the construction technology pit is divided into four steps, which can be simply and popularly summarized as "digging a hole downwards, digging a hole in the wall, putting on a boot cap and beautifying the decoration". Architectural skills are closely combined with traditional yin and yang orientation and gossip, and are closely related to the life of the owner, reflecting the outstanding wisdom of the ancients. Today, there are more than 200 villages like this, including 12000 pits, and the oldest and most complete pits have been preserved for more than 300 years. This mysterious and peculiar residence is unique in China and even in the world. Geographical environment geographical location Shaanxi cellar is located in Shanyuan, Zhangbian Township, Shanzhou District, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province. Shaanxi is connected to the hinterland of the Central Plains in the east, Tongguan and Qinchuan in the west, the two lakes in the south and the north-south trade throat in the north. It is a battleground for ancient military strategists. Xiaoshan, Hangu and Yanling respectively guard the east, west and south of Sanmenxia. To the north is a natural barrier-the Yellow River, which meanders eastward and governs Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan with Shaanxi as the boundary. Geological landform: the terrain in Shanzhou District is high in the south and low in the north, steep in the east and inclined from southeast to northwest. Shaanxi tableland was originally in Sichuan area. The loess layer in this area is about 20 meters to 70 meters thick, and the ground descends step by step from south to north. The lowest altitude is 308m, the highest is 1466m, and the relative height difference is 1 158m. Climatic characteristics Shaanxi Plateau is located in the mid-latitude inland area, which is mostly controlled by Mongolian cold high pressure in winter, with dry and cold climate and scarce rain and snow. In spring, the temperature rises and the rain increases; Summer is hot, rainy and prone to waterlogging; In autumn, the climate is cool and the rain decreases. Main attractions Folk Culture Park Folk Culture Park is mainly composed of 22 interconnected pit yards with different themes, which fully shows the historical evolution of pit yards and the lifestyle and folk skills of people in Shaanxi Province. At the same time, many undeveloped pits are reserved for tourists to visit, looking for lost ancient underground villages along the loess of Shaanxi Plateau, so that the traditional culture of pits can be passed down for a long time. Folk performances and non-legacy exhibitions displayed in the pit yard, such as grass-cutting printing, Shaanxi paper-cutting, gongs and drums writing, inkstone, puppet show, shadow play, Tang Hua, red song performance, Shaanxi wedding custom performance, etc. With strong interactive experience and rich culture, it has been deeply loved by tourists since its opening. Zhao Zhou was assigned to Shaanxi in the Western Zhou Dynasty (more than 365,438+000 years ago). After Zhou Wuwang's death, his son became a young king, the younger brother of King Wu and Zhao assisted the government. At that time, the world was very unstable, and Zhou and Zhao decided to split Shaanxi in two. "Shaanxi" is the Shaanxi tableland, which is the Zhangbian tableland where the Kengyuan scenic spot in Shaanxi Province is located. Duke Zhou governs the eastern part of Shaanxi, while Zhao Gong governs the western part of Shaanxi (hence the name of Shaanxi). Duke Zhou and Zhao Gong worked hard and loved the people, which laid an important foundation for the stability and prosperity of the Zhou Dynasty. Zhao Zhou's division of Shaanxi led to the first peaceful and prosperous "Cheng Kang rule" in the history of China, and the allusions such as "Don't close the door at night, don't pick up the road, draw the land as a prison" came from this. The mountain-crossing furnace is a unique furnace in the pit. The furnaces are tilted upwards in turn, and the centers of the furnaces are connected. According to the principle of hot air upward, nine furnace holes are opened in turn, nine pots can be placed at the same time, and the furnace temperature is lowered step by step, so that the "ten bowls" of cellar specialty dishes can be cooked according to heat. The first fire over the mountain stove is the strongest, suitable for cooking. With the gradual weakening of the fire, it has the functions of stewing, stuffy and heat preservation in turn. The mountain-crossing furnace maximizes the use of heat energy, which is very energy-saving. Several pots are operated at the same time, and the efficiency is very high. Although the furnace is simple in appearance, it is exquisite in structure and powerful in function, and it is full of the life wisdom of the people in the pit field. Hundreds of China surnames show the totem of China surnames. In ancient times, each clan had its own totem, and later many totems evolved into surnames. In the eyes of primitive people, totem is actually a personalized object of worship. The significance of totem worship is to confirm the unity of clan members in blood. Baiyiyuan Baiyiyuan antique architecture carved beams and painted buildings, magnificent momentum, long ancient charm, mainly as a tourist commodity sales area. On the street, long banners with red letters on a yellow background fluttered in the wind, and handicrafts, antique calligraphy and painting, gold and silver jade articles were placed in the house. A work of art is exquisite and full of interest. Mawei Baiweixiang Snack Street Baiweixiang Snack Street introduces Shaanxi Mawei No.1 Snack Street, which brings together more than 100 famous snacks from Qin, Jin and Henan provinces for tourists to taste delicious food. The five-star courtyard next to the snack street also has the local characteristics of "Ten Bowls of Seats in Shaanxi", which is economical, has both meat and vegetables, and has a unique flavor, so that tourists can feast after playing. Folk custom and non-legacy Shaanxi paper-cutting Shaanxi paper-cutting has a long history, which can be traced back to the Xia and Zhou Dynasties. Paper-cut works are widely used, full in composition, vivid in shape and full of local flavor, among which black paper-cut works have a unique style and are a microcosm of the Yellow River culture. Paper-cutting skill is passed on from man to woman, which is unique and charming. Shaanxi paper-cut is known as "a must in the Central Plains" and has been selected into the national intangible cultural heritage list. Grass-cutting printing is a unique printing and dyeing technology in China and an intangible cultural heritage in Henan Province. The local people picked a wild plant "Qianbangbangbangcao", wrapped it in white cotton cloth to make a flower pattern, then laid it on a stone, beat the juice of the grass with a mallet, and printed it on white cloth to form a pattern of green flowers on a white background. With this skill, simple life becomes colorful. Shaanxi Chengni inkstone is one of the four famous inkstones in the history of China. It was listed as a tribute by the court, and 19 14 won the gold medal in Panama International Fair. Cheng Ni inkstone is made from washed fine mud by processing and firing. Its delicate texture, like baby skin, has the characteristics of no water shortage, no cold and freezing, no ink damage and moisturizing luster. This is a must in the inkstone. Making Cheng Ni inkstone is an ancient opera art, which is mainly popular in Shaanxi and Sanmenxia, Henan, so people call it Shaanxi gongs and drums. The gongs and drums in Shaanxi Province are in the form of sitting and singing. Before the opening ceremony, beat gongs and drums to create an atmosphere. Old local artists play and sing in western Henan dialect, which has distinctive regional characteristics, and can be called "drum set" and "jazz" in China, with outstanding artistic value. Full-price tickets for tourist information tickets: 60 yuan/person-time applicable crowd: ① adults; ② Children over 1.5m in height (excluding1.5m); ③ Elderly people under 60 years old (excluding 60 years old); Concessionary ticket: 30 yuan/person-time: ① children with height 1.2m (excluding 1.2m)- 1.5m (including 1.5m); ② Elderly people aged 60 (including 60) -69 (including 69) (with their valid certificates); ③ Students (with my student ID card); Holding my ID card on my birthday; Free tickets: ① children under 1.2m (including1.2m) are free; (2) Older people over 70 years old (including 70 years old) are free (with their valid certificates); (3) journalists are free (with their press cards); (4) Tour guides are free (with national primary tour guide certificate or above); ⑤ Disabled persons (with my disability certificate and the verification form issued by our customer service); ⑥ Military personnel (with relevant certificates); Business hours in summer (April-September): 9: 00-20: 00, and open at 8:30 on weekends. Winter (65438+1October-March): 9: 00- 18: 00, and the opening time on weekends is 8:30. Traffic information self-driving route A. Lianhuo Expressway. (2) Drive along G3 10 for about 8km and turn right into Levin Road. (3) Go straight along Levin Road 1.6km to Shanzhou Avenue and turn left into Shanzhou Avenue. (4) Go straight along Shanzhou Avenue for about 1km, pass the First People's Hospital of Shanzhou District, turn right and go straight along Shanyuan Road for about 5km. B. Lianhuo Expressway Sanmenxia Dongxia Expressway (1) exits the intersection and goes straight into G3 10 Expressway. (2) Drive along G3 1017.5km and turn left into Levin Road. (3) Go straight along Levin Road 1.6km to Shanzhou Avenue and turn left into Shanzhou Avenue. (4) Go straight along Shanzhou Avenue for about 1km, pass the First People's Hospital of Shanzhou District, turn right and go straight along Shanyuan Road for about 5km. Bus route Sanmenxia West Station (1) Take Bus No.7 from Shanzhou District to the terminal (get off at Sanmenxia Third People's Hospital). (2) Transfer to the tourist shuttle bus leading to the pit and go straight to the scenic spot. Sanmenxia South high-speed railway station (1) take bus No.5 (direction of West Station) and get off at the Transportation Bureau. (2) Walk 50 meters to the east and take the Dunyuan tourist shuttle bus at Lunan platform. Sanmenxia East Railway Station (1) take bus No.2 and get off at the downtown hospital. (2) Transfer to bus 108 and get off at Gaoyangshan Hot Spring Resort Hotel. (3) Transfer to the pit tour shuttle bus to the scenic spot. Honors won: 20 16, 16 On June 6th, China "internet plus" Summit held in Beijing on 20 16, Shanzhou Pityard Scenic Area, as a successful tourism case, won the "internet plus Tourism" most growth scenic spot award in China, becoming the only scenic spot in China. 20 16 12 2 1, at the "Urban Power" 20 16 Tencent Regional Impact Summit hosted by Tencent, Shanzhou Pit Institute won the "Government Innovation Award". 20 18 12.7, the candidate was selected into the 20 18 "Charming China City" cultural tourism charm list sponsored by CCTV Financial Channel and Pacific Century Tourism.