What is the most detailed introduction of Shanghai Jinmao Building?

The building adopts the latest structural technology used for the first time in the history of super high-rise buildings. The vertical deviation of the whole building is only 2 cm, and the shaking of the roof is less than half a meter. This is the best high-rise building in the world, and it can guarantee that the wind of 12 will not fall, and it can also resist the earthquake of magnitude 7. The exterior wall of the building is composed of large glass walls, which reflect colors like silver and non-silver, with different shades and endless changes. The glass wall is imported from the United States, and it costs 500 dollars per square meter. Glass is divided into two layers, with a low temperature conductor in the middle. The temperature outside will not affect the room. There are 79 elevators in Jinmao Tower, and the sightseeing high-speed elevator can take 35 people at a time, with a speed of 9. 1 meter per second, and it only takes 45 seconds from bottom to top.

The hall of Jinmao Mansion adopts a circular arch door frame, which gives people a feeling of being tall, spacious and bright. Mediterranean perforated marble is selected for the wall, which can play a good sound insulation effect; The marble on the ground is shiny but not bright, flat but not slippery. The eight bronze murals in the front hall reflect the traditional calligraphy art in China. The evolution of Chinese characters, from Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Zhong Dingwen to seal script, official script, regular script and Cao, reflects the 5,000-year history of civilization in China. The corridor leading to the banquet hall is an art gallery, which embodies elegant taste and luxurious style.

1, commercial concrete and bulk cement application technology

This technology is applied to diaphragm wall, bored pile, foundation pit enclosure, core part of main building and composite giant column. Flooring and other engineering parts. The total application amount reached157000m3. Bulk cement for commercial concrete in Jinmao Building. Mechanical feeding, automatic weighing, computer control technology, "double mixing" technology of admixture and admixture, mixer truck transportation and pumping pouring technology not only improve the mechanization and specialization of civil construction production, but also improve the civilization and standardization of construction site. And set a world record for pumping concrete at a height of 382.5 meters.

2, thick diameter steel bar connection technology

The formwork of core tube and giant column of Jinmao Mansion adopts large steel formwork, so the construction technology of taper thread connection is adopted at the joint of steel bar between core tube and ground beam, the joint of ring plate of core tube and steel bar, and the joint of steel bar between giant column and ground beam in the hotel area of the main building.

There are 58,296 conical joints in the whole project, and the detection and sampling results of the joints have reached Grade A.. The number of applications is shown in the table below:

The new type of cold-rolled tapered thread technology for steel bars has been improved from seven aspects: (1) improving the materials of cutters and thread rollers; Improved tool rest; Add automatic positioning device; A rolling feeding frame is arranged; Cold treatment at the end can improve the strength and ensure the standard of grade A joint. The application has achieved the goal of high speed, high quality and low consumption.

3, new template and scaffolding application technology

The height of the main structure of Jinmao Building has changed a lot, and the distribution and shape of the walls have also changed. * * * There are 8 kinds of heights, such as 3.2m, 4m and 5.2m.. * * * For more than 53 floors, the original well-shaped internal shear wall was cancelled, and the wall thickness was changed from 850 mm to.

Jinmao Tower

The meter is gradually divided into four times to 450 mm, especially there are three external steel trusses on floors 24 ~ 26, 5 1 ~ 53 and 85 ~ 87, which brings great difficulties to the design of formwork scaffolding and the safety of super high-rise construction. Therefore, in the construction of the core tube of the main building, we designed and manufactured the "formwork system of separated combined self-leveling integral lifting steel platform". Compared with foreign advanced templates, the performance is not inferior, and the cost is saved about100000 yuan. Successfully completed the high-altitude disassembly and assembly, understood the construction technology of two different structures using one formwork system, innovatively adopted the computer automatic leveling technology to control the system to improve the construction technology, and adopted the fully enclosed formwork system, which made the construction safe and reliable and easy to operate, creating a construction speed of one month 13 floor. Computer automatic leveling technology has obtained national patent (patent number: ZL95246539 1. 1+0). The research and application of this template system won the first prize of Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award.

In the construction of giant columns, the "jumping formwork system" was innovatively designed and manufactured, which successfully solved the construction problem of giant columns. The upper steel beam has been installed in place, and the traditional formwork scaffolding system can not successfully complete the climbing problem after concrete construction.

The system innovatively designed a series of special components, such as telescopic arm, inclined skateboard, upward telescopic frame and folding wall, so that the climbing frame can cross the steel beam smoothly. Through the research and application of these new formwork legs, the continuous construction of the core tube and composite giant column of the main building is completed safely and reliably. After expert appraisal, the technical level of the template hand-foot system has reached the international leading level.

4, high strength concrete technology

Jinmao Mansion adopts C60 and C50 high-strength concrete, and the foundation slab adopts C50 concrete. The underground to 3 1 floor of the core tube of the main building is made of C60 concrete, and the 32nd to 62nd floors of the core tube of the main building are made of C50 concrete. C60 concrete is used in the basement to 3 1 floor, and C50 concrete is used in the 32nd to 62nd floor. C60 concrete 17488 m3, C50 concrete 33708 m3. Among them, the thickness of the foundation cap of the main building is 4m, which is 13500m3 C50 high-grade concrete, and it is continuously cast at one time. In the continuous pouring and tamping of such a large high-grade concrete, reasonable materials and mix design are selected, and the "internal dispersion and external storage method" is adopted for maintenance, and it is equipped with cooling water pipes, plastic film straw mulching and computer temperature measurement system. Control the peak temperature rise in concrete within 100℃, and make the temperature difference between inside and outside less than 25℃. The internal cooling speed of concrete was accelerated, and the construction period was shortened. The maintenance was completed in only two weeks.

5, building energy-saving technology

The main infilled wall and fireproof partition wall of Jinmao Building adopt hollow blocks. In which 120mm thick block is 490 1m2, 190mm thick block is 49742m2, 250mm thick block is 1098m2 and 300mm thick block is 3493m2.

Roof insulation layer is also used for the podium roof and local roof of the main building of Jinmao Building. Among them, the podium roof is about 7500 square meters, and the local roof of the main building is about 2500 square meters.

6, rigid PVC plastic pipe application technology

In the construction of the foundation slab of the podium of Jinmao Building, the large-area electrostatic discharge layer technology, which appeared for the first time in China, was adopted. φ 100PVC pipe 1 184m, φ 150PVC pipe 511m. Groundwater is discharged to the collecting well through a large area of filter layer, and then pumped to the ground, releasing and reducing the buoyancy of groundwater to the floor. In this technology, porous PVC filter tubes are arranged in crisscross blind ditches. With the application of large-area electrostatic discharge layer technology, the thickness of the podium foundation slab is only about 0.6 meters, while the thickness of the foundation slab according to the traditional design is at least 1.

Jinmao Tower

.5-2.0m, which is about 0.9m thinner than the traditional method.

7. Comprehensive utilization technology of fly ash

The foundation cap of the main building of Jinmao Mansion is C50 high-grade concrete with a volume of 1.35 million cubic meters. In the mix design, we add a certain amount of ground fly ash to exert its "ball effect" and improve the workability and pumpability of concrete. Therefore, it replaces part of cement and reduces the hydration heat of concrete. At the same time, a certain amount of fly ash is also mixed in the mixing process of masonry mortar. The consumption of fly ash is about 4500 tons, which achieves the purpose of energy saving and high efficiency.

8, building waterproof engineering new technology

The design requires a waterproof layer under the foundation slab of Jinmao Building. Waterproof materials include CR bentonite waterproof membrane, bentonite caulking agent and multipurpose bentonite powder, which are made of fibers packaged by American colloid company. Waterproof coiled material is used for large-area paving, and caulking agent and multipurpose powder are used for joint filling and hole filling. The amount of CR expansion is about 23,608 square meters. CR bentonite waterproof series material is a composite material of flexible high-strength polypropylene fabric and volcanic ash sodium bentonite. Its technical characteristics are: swelling in water, softness, high strength, pollution resistance and aging resistance. Its application enriches and develops the types of waterproof materials in China, and provides practical experience for the research and application of new waterproof materials in the future.

9. Modern management technology and computer application

Jinmao Building has a large amount of information and a wide range. In view of this situation, computer technology is widely used in the process of construction management. Computer management software is used in financial management, contract budget, personnel file management, construction plan management, design and compilation of construction scheme, drawing of construction sample drawings and design of deepening drawings.

10, application of other new technologies

During the construction of Jinmao Mansion, we also applied a series of new technologies, such as "super-large and ultra-deep foundation pit supporting technology", "high-precision measurement technology" and "large vertical transportation machinery application technology".

The basement of Jinmao Mansion has an excavation area of nearly 20,000 square meters, a foundation pit circumference of 570 meters, an excavation depth of 19.65 meters and an earthwork volume of 320,000 cubic meters, which is the foundation with the largest excavation area and the deepest excavation depth in soft soil foundation construction in Shanghai. In the aspect of foundation pit enclosure, the whole cast-in-place reinforced concrete internal support technology of grid structure is designed, which not only ensures the engineering quality and safety, but also shortens the construction period and improves the economic benefit.

Measurement is the "eye" in engineering construction, especially in the construction of Jinmao Building of this scale, the importance of measurement is more prominent. In the construction, high-precision measuring instruments such as WILDT2 theodolite and DII600 laser rangefinder are used, polar coordinates combined with rectangular coordinates are used to set out the axis, zenith inverted cone method is used for strict measurement review, and round-trip leveling is used to control the elevation. According to the different compression, shrinkage and settlement of steel bar and concrete, pre-control correction compensation is adopted, and good results are obtained.