What is the significance of black ships going to sea in Japanese history?

The black ship incident refers to 1853, when the United States threatened Japan to open the door with gunboats. /kloc-In the first half of the 0/9th century, when Japan was confined to a corner of Northeast Asia under the policy of closed door, the world was changing with each passing day. Britain, France, Russia, the United States and other countries have become a new wave of world powers. After experiencing the baptism of the industrial revolution and the transportation revolution, they began to actively manage the Far East for the raw materials, markets, colonies and transit stations needed after the industrial revolution.

detailed inspection

Matthew? Perry's first visit

1853 (Yongjia six years) In July, Matthew, commander of the US East India Fleet? General matthew calbraith perry (1794~ 1858) led four warships to the mouth of Edo Bay and threatened the establishment of the shogunate by force. The black modern armored warships in the fleet are the first time I have seen them in Japanese life. Perry gave the shogunate a model locomotive and a telegram to show industrial civilization, but the shogunate could only show its strength by carrying the returned rice with Lux. Perry's voyage shocked the Japanese and deeply felt the huge gap between Japan and foreign countries. The Japanese called this incident "black ships coming to sail." Because these four warships have 63 cannons, and the range and firepower of Japanese coastal defense guns in Edo Bay are only about 20 compared with these four warships, under the threat of firing guns before the founding of the country, the shogunate did not dare to refuse the request of founding the country, but was afraid of being attacked by the whole country after accepting the credentials brought by Perry, so the then shogunate chief, Akihito Abe, had to get the approval of the emperor before accepting the treaty, and agreed to Perry's reply next spring.

Matthew? Perry's second visit

1February 854 13 (the seventh year of Yongjia), Perry once again led the fleet to fight against Japan. This time, there were seven warships, and the fleet went deep into Edo Bay and docked in Yokohama. Faced with Perry's tough stance, the shogunate had to accept the request of founding the country. So the two sides signed a Japan-US goodwill treaty in Yokohama, which was the first unequal treaty between Japan and western powers. Other western powers followed the United States and demanded trade with Japan, so Britain, Russia, the Netherlands and other western powers all signed goodwill treaties with Japan. Japan was forced to end the era of closed door, and the wooden model system collapsed.

Event influence

In fact, the Tokugawa shogunate never allowed the emperor to participate in politics for more than 200 years, but this time, in order to reduce the opposition of governors, he wanted to sign a treaty in the name of the emperor and make an exception to invite celebrities, governors, scholars and even civilians to express their opinions on the founding of the country. So the emperor and his courtiers, Daming and his courtiers raised the banner of saving the country and took the opportunity to leap onto the political stage. In any case, the increasingly chaotic political situation in Japan after the "Black Ship Incident" also laid the fuse for the demise of the shogunate.