Looking for stock knowledge?

Basic concept of stock: (carefully summarized)

A stock

Refers to the certificate issued by the company to prove that shareholders hold shares.

B-share limited liability company

All capital is divided into equal shares, and shareholders are limited to the shares they hold and bear limited liability to the company. The company shall bear limited liability for its debts with all its assets.

C stock code

The code of a stock trading in Shanghai Stock Exchange starts with 600 or 60 1.

B-share trading code starts with 900.

The code of Shenzhen A-share trading starts with 000.

B-share trading code starts with 200.

The subscription code of Shanghai Stock Exchange starts with 730.

The subscription code of Shenzhen new shares is the same as that of Shenzhen stock exchange.

The allocation code starts with 700 in Shanghai and 080 in Shenzhen.

1, quotation unit

The minimum change unit of the declared price of A shares is 0.0 1 RMB. For example, if you want to apply for development, the price of the form is 10.02 yuan, but you can't fill in 10.002 yuan. The minimum change unit of the declared price of B shares is 0.00 1 USD (Shanghai Stock Exchange).

2. Price limit

The daily highest market price rises (or falls) to 10% of the previous day's closing price.

ST shares, up and down 5%

On the day of IPO listing, the upper limit of price increase is the issue price ×( 1+ 1000%) and the lower limit is the issue price ×( 1-50%). But the next day, you will follow the rules of price limit.

3、IPO

The price limit board stipulates that some rules should be observed when entrusting pricing on the day of listing of new shares. For example, according to the regulations of Shenzhen Stock Exchange, the call auction range of the first day of listing of new shares is 150 yuan of its issue price, and the effective bidding range of continuous bidding is 15 yuan of the recent transaction price. The effective bidding range of continuous bidding for the first day of listing in Shanghai Stock Exchange is 10% of the share price at that time.

4, one hand

One hand is 100 shares. In principle, stock trading should be carried out with an integer multiple of one hand.

However, due to the shortage of "one hand" rights issue, for example, 10 gives 3 shares, and you have 100 shares, which becomes 130 shares. At this time, 130 shares can be sold. In other words, zero shares are not enough to sell in one hand.

5. Ready

Is the number of lots sold at that time.

6，T+ 1

T is the first letter of English Trade. At present, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges stipulate that the stocks bought on the same day can only be sold the next day. After the stocks sold on the same day are confirmed to be closed, the returned funds can buy stocks on the same day.

7. call auction

(How did the opening price come into being) Before trading starts every day, that is, from 9: 00 to 9: 25, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges begin to accept effective trading instructions from investors. At the moment of the official opening at 9: 30, the computer mainframe of the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges began to match transactions, and the opening price of each stock was determined by the maximum transaction price of each stock. There is no call auction at the opening in the afternoon. Call auction is not applicable: subscription of new shares, allotment of shares and bonds.

8. The continuous bidding is call auction.

Call auction mainly produces the opening price, and then the stock market has to go through a continuous buying and selling stage, so there is a continuous bidding. Orders that have not been closed in call auction will continue to be valid, and will automatically enter the continuous bidding, waiting for the right price to be closed. At this time, investors from all over the country are still continuously inputting various effective trading instructions to the computer mainframe of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, and the computer mainframe of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges is also continuously bidding for various effective trading instructions from investors from all over the country.

9. Fill in the allocation form

Whether to write "buy" or "sell". Some people say that I bought a rights issue with money, of course I filled in "buy". This is the right to issue shares in Shenzhen. Fill in "Purchase". However, to issue shares in Shanghai stock market, you must fill in "sell". This "selling" is not a "selling" rights issue, but a "selling" rights issue.

10, issue new shares.

It is stipulated that a listed company applying for issuing new shares shall not only comply with the provisions of the Measures for the Administration of Issuance of New Shares by Listed Companies, but also meet the conditions that the average weighted average return on equity in the last three fiscal years is not less than 65,438+00% and the average weighted average return on equity in the last 65,438+0 fiscal years is not less than 65,438+00%.

(1) Directed issuance to old investors and issuance to other investors.

(2) For online auction, the price of additional issuance is uncertain.

③ No additional shares are issued to the original shareholders, only to legal persons. Such as God Konka;

(4) only fund issuance.

⑤ Issue in proportion.

⑥ Issue in installments.

All landowners online and offline synchronous ten-day price.

1 1, see more bullish investors who expect the stock price to rise and are optimistic about the stock market prospects.

Short investors who are bearish on the expected stock price decline and bearish on the stock market prospects.

Pingping expects that the stock price will not rise or fall, and stock market investors will wait and see.

12, diving is a metaphor for the stock market falling.

Lushi 13

Refers to the strong speculative atmosphere in the stock market. Speculators, like deer, frequently speculate in the short term and run when they see profits.

14, high gap refers to the phenomenon that the opening price exceeds the highest price yesterday.

Gap opening refers to the phenomenon that the opening price exceeds the lowest price yesterday.

Gap refers to the space price where the opening price exceeds the highest price yesterday or the opening price is lower than the lowest price yesterday.

15, Jincha

Technical analysis terminology. Refers to the trend chart that the short-term moving average crosses the medium-term moving average or the short-term moving average and crosses the long-term moving average at the same time.

16, the handicap is specific to the trading information of the fifth gear of individual stock trading.

17. Enter the number of entrusted lots that the host computer of the stock exchange wants to buy a stock. At present, the terminal computer of the sales department shows the number of buyers in the first five stalls, while the number of buyers in the back is invisible to ordinary investors. For example, at present, when investors see buying one, two, three, four and five, they show their hands to buy stocks at different price points.

Number of entrusted lots Enter the number of entrusted lots that the stock exchange host wants to sell. At present, the terminal computer of the sales department shows the consignment quantity of the first five files, but the consignment quantity behind is generally invisible to investors. For example, at present, investors see that selling one, selling two, selling three, selling four and selling five is to reveal the number of stocks to be sold at different price points.

18, Weibi

By calculating the ratio of the difference between the number of entrusted buyers and sellers to the sum of the number of entrusted buyers and sellers, the current trend of transaction entrustment is revealed.

45.95% said that the purchasing power was greater than the selling power.

19, price priority, time priority when buying and selling stocks, if many shareholders buy and sell a stock at the same time, they must follow the rule of "price priority, time priority".

20. The primary market (issuance market) is a market where stocks are in the raising stage and are being issued, so they cannot be listed and circulated.

Secondary market (circulation market) A market where shares of joint-stock companies can be traded after issuance.

2 1, stock index

It is generally used to reflect the macro level and the changing trend of the stock market itself. Its compilation principle is: the ratio of the market value of the stock price on the current day to the market value of the stock price on the benchmark day. For example, the benchmark date of the Shanghai Composite Index is 199065438+February19. Today's real-time index = closing index of the previous day × [total market value of today ÷ total market value of the previous day]. For example, on February 7, 2003, the total market value of Shanghai Stock Exchange was 489,888.75438+0 billion yuan, and the index was 1.496.52 points. On February 18, the total market value of Shanghai stock market was 489,965,438+42 million yuan. Calculated daily index18 =1496.52× [48995438+0.42 ÷ 4888.438+0] =1496.60 points. February 18 is 0.08 point higher than February 17.

22. Composition index

Shenzhen Stock Exchange began to compile Shenzhen Stock Exchange Index on 1995 65438+ 10, and released it in real time on February 20th of the same year. The reason for compiling the component index is that two-thirds of the capital stock in China stock market is not circulated, so it is not scientific for the comprehensive index to reflect the changes of the stock market, and the component index is compiled on the basis of the tradable shares, which has certain rationality. Namely: "whoever circulates, who counts".

23. P/E ratio = share price/earnings per share

It reflects the relationship between the company's share price and its after-tax profit per share, and its calculation formula is the ratio of the company's share price closing price to its after-tax profit per share (earnings per share). For example, the closing price of North Asia Group (600705) at the end of 2002 was 6.20 yuan, and the earnings per share in 2002 was 0. 165 yuan. Therefore, its price-earnings ratio at the end of 2002 was 37.58 times (6.20÷0. 165). Since the stock price changes every day, the earnings per share are only calculated once a year. Coupled with the problem of non-tradable shares, it is unscientific to use the price-earnings ratio as the only criterion to measure the stock market. In addition, the loss of stocks do not calculate the price-earnings ratio.

24. P/B ratio = share price/net value per share (more important)

Net stock value is the sum of capital reserve, capital public welfare fund, statutory reserve, discretionary reserve and undistributed surplus, also known as net assets. Divide the net value by the company's total share capital to get the net value per share. The net value per share is the basis for calculating the price-to-book ratio (P/E ratio uses earnings per share), that is, the price-to-book ratio is equal to the closing price of the day divided by the net value per share. For example, the closing price of North Asia Group (600705) at the end of 2002 was 6.20 yuan, and the net value per share in 2002 was 2.725 yuan, so the price-to-book ratio was 2.275 times.

25. Transfer custody

If investors need to change the business department when buying or selling stocks, they should go through the formalities of transferring stocks to custody. The procedure (from sales department A to sales department B) is:

1. Open an account in the transferee (B business department) and write down the name and seat number of B business department.

2 in the transferor (a business department) to fill in the "consignment management application form".

3. Go to B's sales department the next day to check whether the stock has been transferred.

4. The Shanghai Stock Exchange also needs to cancel the designated transaction of Business Department A and reapply for the designated transaction of Business Department B..

26. ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex-dividend ex- Ex-right English is Exclusion Right, or XR for short. If it is ex-dividend, the English abbreviation is Dr.

If a stock is ex-dividend today, indicate XD before the stock name; If the stock is ex-dividend today, the name of the stock shall be marked with XR; If a stock is ex-dividend today, please indicate DR before the stock name.

27. The meaning of N before stock N is the first letter of English NEW. When the new shares are listed on the first day, N is added before the name of the new shares for the sake of distinguishing.

28. Roadshow

Literal translation of English roadshows. When a listed company issues shares, company leaders and stock underwriters introduce the company to shareholders and accept shareholders' consultation. Now it is usually done through the internet.

This is the most practical knowledge. After learning about it, you will feel that other mountains are dwarfed under the sky. ..

My experience

Stock trading is about will and the ability to think independently! ! ! !

Choose your own stocks and let others talk! ! !

Want to know such a fact, how many retail investors get rich by stocks? If you rely entirely on the information provided by the internet or friends, how much can you earn? The people who get rich are in the hands of a few people, especially those who find their own way! ! ! !

My experience in stock selection:

1, low-priced stocks (where can I go)

2. The P/E ratio bottomed out (low risk)

3, stocks that have been suppressed for a long time (turning it upside down is a big wave)

4. Don't choose a recognized bull stock, choose a real big white horse.

5. Choosing a company or industry sector that you are really familiar with, the fundamentals are very important, followed by the technical level.

I vomited blood to send you some summarized leading stocks:

! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

Index stocks: ICBC, BOC, Sinopec, Daqin, Air China, Baosteel, Changdian, China Unicom, China Merchants Bank and Huaneng.

Finance: Huaxia Bank, China Merchants Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, Minsheng, Shenzhen Development Bank, ICBC, Bank of China, CITIC, Anxin, Hongyuan and Shaanxi Guotou.

Real estate: Vanke A, Gemdale, Poly Real Estate, Fahua, Sunshine, OCT, Financial Street, Qixia Construction, China Merchants Real Estate, China Enterprise and Shenzhen Ye Zhen.

Aviation: China Southern Airlines, Air China, Shanghai Airlines, China Eastern Airlines and Hainan Airlines.

Olympic Games: Beijing Urban Construction and China Sports Industry

Heavy machinery: Anhui Heli, Hudong Heavy Machinery, Sany, Zhonglian, Jinxi Axle, Guangzhou Shipyard, Liugong, Shantui, Zhenhua Port Machinery, Shenyang Machine Tool.

3G: ZTE, Datang Telecom, Yiyang ICT and Gaohong.

Science and Technology: gehuayouxian, Oriental Pearl, Variety, citic guoan, Founder Technology, Tsinghua Tongfang, Haihong.

Cement: Conch, Huaxin and Jidong.

New energy: Tianwei keeps changing, Fengyuan biochemical.

Small and medium-sized board: Jingyuan Electronics, Suning Appliance, Siyuan Electric Appliance, Wei Xing, Lijiang Tourism, Huaxing Chemical Industry, Ke Hua Bio, Han's Laser, Zoje, Vantage, Supor, Seven Wolves, Aerospace Electric Appliances and Winbond Pharmaceutical.

Electric energy: Changjiang Electric Power, Radio and Television Holdings, Guangdong Electric Power, SDIC Electric Power, Huaneng International, Shenneng, Shantou Electric Power, Guodian Electric Power, Shanghai Electric Power, Shenzhen Energy and Shanghai Energy.

Coal: Lanhua Kechuang, Datong Coal Industry, Yangguo Xinneng, Xishan Coal and Electricity, Yanzhou Coal Industry.

Power equipment: Dongfang Electric, Dongfang Boiler, TBEA, Gao Ping Electric, Guodian Nanzi, Huaguang and Xiangdian.

Cars: Changan Automobile, FAW Li Xia, SAIC, Jiangling, China Heavy Duty Truck, S Xiang Torch, Jianghuai Automobile, Yutong Bus, Shuguang, Longxi, Jinlong Automobile, Yunnei Power, Dongfeng Motor,

Iron and Steel: Xinxing Cast Pipe, Baosteel, WISCO, Angang, Taigang, Jigang, Tangshan, Jiuquan, Maanshan, Hangang, Bayi, Benxi, Ling Gang, Baotou Steel, Xining Special Steel, Fushun Special Steel, Shaogang, Shougang, Valin Pipeline, Nangang and Hangzhou Steel.

Port transportation: China Shipping, COSCO, Shanghai Port, CIMC, Shenchi Bay, Yantian Port, Nanjing Waterway and Tianjin Port.

Expressway: Jiangxi-Guangdong Expressway, Shandong Expressway, Shenzhen Expressway, Fujian Expressway, Zhongyuan Expressway, Guangdong Expressway, Nanjing-Shanghai Expressway and Wantong Expressway.

Airport category: Shenzhen Airport, Shanghai Airport and Baiyun Airport.

China glass fiber, Changjiang Seiko, Conch profile.

Water: capital, South China Sea, raw water.

Warehousing, logistics and transportation: Sinochem International, Tielong Logistics, Sinotrans Development and China Storage.

Aerospace: Aerospace Information, Rocket, China Satellite, Xifei International, Hafei, Chengfa Technology, Hongdu Aviation,

Electronics: Jingyuan Electronics, Yi Sheng Science and Technology, Farah Electronics, Huawei Microelectronics, rainbow shares, Radio and Television Electronics, Shentianma A, Eastcom Peace.

Software: UFIDA, Neusoft, Hang Seng Electronics, China Software, Zheng Jin, Baoxin Software.

Supermarkets: Dashang, Hualian General Supermarket, friendship shares, shanghai jahwa, Wuhan Zhong Bai, Beijing Urban and Rural, Dalian Friendship, Xinhua Media.

Retail: Wangfujing, Guangzhou Friendship, S Ningxinbai, Xinhua Department Store, Chongqing Department Store, Ginza, Yimin Department Store, Zhongxing Commercial, Nanjing Shangzhong, Dongbai Group, New World, Mansion, An Baili, S Baida, Hefu Department Store, Yintai, Hangzhou, Ewushang A, Hualian, Wuhan, S Trading Company], Xidan Shopping Mall, S.

Material: Mingxing New Material, Sinoma International.

Hotel tourism category: Huatian Hotel, Huangshan Tourism, Emei Mountain, Lijiang Tourism, Jinjiang Stock, Guilin Tourism, Beijing Tourism, Xi 'an Tourism, China Youth Travel Service and BTG.

Petrochemical: CNOOC Engineering, Jinfa Technology, Shanghai Petrochemical, Yizheng Chemical Fiber, Jiangzuan Co., Ltd., Xinxiang Chemical Fiber, Yunnan Salt Chemical Company, Shanxi Sanwei Chemical Company, Sanyou Chemical Company, Liuguo Chemical Company, Wei Yun Co., Ltd., Jiangnan High Fiber Company and Yaxing Chemical Company.

Non-ferrous metals: Shandong Gold, Admiralty, Chihong, Baoti, Hongda, Xiamen Tungsten, Jean, Baotou Aluminum, Zhongjin Lingnan, Yunnan Copper, Jiangxi Copper and Zhu Ye Torch.

Liquor: Kweichow Moutai, Wuliangye, Changyu A, Guyuelongshan, Fang Shuijing and LU ZHOU LAO JIAO CO.,LTD.

Papermaking: Yueyang Paper, Huatai, Chenming Paper.

Beer: Tsingtao beer, Yanjing beer.

Household appliances: Foshan Lighting, Qingdao Haier, Sichuan Changhong, hisense electric, Gree Electric, Midea and Supor.

Special chemicals: yantai wanhua, Blonde Technology, Sanaifu, Lu Hua Hang Seng.

Fertilizer: Salt Lake Potash, Xin 'an, Lu Hua Hengsheng, Yangnong Chemical, Nanchuan meifeng, Chitianhua, Yuntianhua, Shalongda A, Huaxing Chemical, Liu Hua, Hubei Yihua, Changjiu Biochemical, Cangzhou Dahua, Luxi Chemical and Shenhua.

Agricultural stocks: Beidahuang, Tongwei, Zhongmu, New Hope, Longping Hi-Tech, Fengle Seed, Xinsai Stock, Dunhuang Seed, Nong Xin Development, Guannong Stock and Denghai Seed.

Food processing: Shuanghui Development, Huaguan Technology, Yili, First Food, Chengde Lulu, Angel Yeast, Hengshun Vinegar, Shanghai Meilin, Weiwei, Gannan Fruit Industry, Nanning Sugar Industry.

Environmental protection: Longjing environmental protection.

Traditional Chinese Medicine: Ma Yinglong, Jilin Aodong, Pien Tze Huang, Tong Ren Tang, Tasly, Yunnan Baiyao, Qianjin Pharmaceutical, Jiang Zhong Pharmaceutical, Kangyuan Pharmaceutical, Kangbain, S Ejiao, Baiyi Pharmaceutical, Jiuzhitang, Wuhan Jianmin, Zhonghui Pharmaceutical, Kunyao and S Tibetan Medicine.

Clothing: Yago, Wei Xing, Seven Wolves, Yuyuan Mall.

Communication optical cables: Changjiang Communication, Zhejiang University Network Letter, TEFA Information, Zhongchuang Telecom, Dongfang Communication, Amoi Electronics, Bird Co., Ltd. and CLP Guangtong.

Architecture and Engineering: Baoxin Energy, Sinoma International, Shanghai Construction Engineering, Sinochem International, Pudong Construction, Sinochem Group, Airport, Anhui Water Conservancy, Tunnel, Tengda Construction, Xinjiang Urban Construction, Road and Bridge Construction, China Railway Second Bureau, CNPC, Keda, Northern International, Huitong Water Conservancy, Tibet Tianlu, Jianlong, Meiyan Hydropower and Huashen Group.

Glass: Fuyao, CSG and Yao Bo.

Others: Jianfa, Lutai, Zhuhai Zhongfu and Zijiang enterprises.