Common sense of neonatal rearing

Common sense of neonatal safety 1. What are the precautions for baby safety?

Precautions for baby's sleep safety: don't let the baby smoke second-hand smoke. Babies who grow up in secondhand smoke are often three times more likely to die suddenly than those who grow up in smoke-free environment. Therefore, in some occasions, such as Chinese New Year holidays, family gatherings and so on. Mothers must stop when it is time to stop, and don't give second-hand smoke a chance to surround the baby! Grandpa and dad who like smoking at home should also pay attention to their behavior. What you smoke is not a cigarette, but the health and life of your family.

Vaccination on time Vaccination on time and regular physical examination can not only protect the baby's health, but also reduce the risk of sudden infant death. Research by the American Academy of Pediatrics shows that the risk of sudden infant death is reduced by 50% compared with infants who are not fully vaccinated. Breastfeeding is an effective protective factor for sudden infant death syndrome. As long as breastfeeding can reduce the risk of sudden infant death. The difference is that short-term breastfeeding can reduce the risk by 45%, while long-term exclusive breastfeeding can reduce the risk by 73%.

Use the supine sleeping position. Whether you take a nap during the day or sleep at night, you must ensure that your baby sleeps on his back. This is the basic factor to reduce sudden infant death syndrome.

Sleeping with mother is an important risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome. In addition to sudden infant death, there are many accidental infant deaths, such as the baby's head getting stuck in the gap between beds, adults turning over in their sleep or stretching their legs and arms to press the baby, causing suffocation and so on. Babies can sleep in the same bedroom with their parents, but not in the same bed.

Because sharing a room with parents is the safest for babies under 1 year-old, it is not only beneficial to cultivate children's independence, but also to reduce the risk of sleep-related hazards. Choose a stable and flat mattress for the crib. If you lay sheets, you should also tie the mattress tightly with sheets to avoid loosening.

Because soft bedding will cover the child's face and increase the risk of suffocation. In addition, sometimes in order to take care of their children at all times, parents are used to putting their babies on the sofa to play with them, or letting them sleep when they are resting on the sofa.

But in fact, soft sofas are also extremely dangerous areas. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, every year 13% of infant sleep-related deaths occur on sofas. Parents must let their children sleep in a stable crib and avoid sleeping in car seats, sofas and strollers! /kloc-Don't eat honey for babies under 0/year old. Honey is easily contaminated by Botox during brewing and transportation. Botulinum botulinum spores have strong adaptability and can still survive at the high temperature of 100℃.

/kloc-For babies under 0/year old, due to weak gastrointestinal function and incomplete liver development, botulinum is easy to multiply in the intestine and produce toxins, thus increasing the risk of sudden death. Avoid overheating of the baby. Many parents always think that the baby is afraid of cold when sleeping. Every time a friend of the fungus sleeps, he will wear extra thick clothes to cover the baby, but the baby often sweats when he wakes up.

Mothers must remember that wearing too thick clothes or the environment is too hot will often lead to the baby's non-specific reaction to the thermal environment, thus increasing the risk of sudden infant death! Mothers can choose a sleeping bag of the right size, as long as the baby's hands and feet are warm.

2. Safety knowledge of raising babies

During the four to six months after the baby is born, the amount of breast milk secretion can no longer meet the daily calorie demand of the baby; This stage is also the baby's sensitive stage to complementary food. If you miss this stage, your baby may reject the later complementary food. Moreover, the baby will start weaning in ten months. In order to let the baby get rid of the dependence on breast milk before weaning, this time should be the best time to add complementary food one by one.

Second, what problems should the baby pay attention to when adding complementary food?

We should pay attention to several principles: from fine to coarse, from less to more, from soft to hard, from single variety to multiple varieties. When feeding your baby vegetables and other auxiliary foods, don't put monosodium glutamate, just put a little salt. Adding the right amount of oil to the dish can not only increase the baby's appetite, but also not affect the health.

Third, why does the baby grow eczema? What should I do when I grow up?

When the weather is hot, many babies will be covered with eczema, which is mainly caused by protein's feeding at birth. As long as the older baby is mainly composed of whole grains, eczema will naturally disappear.

Fourth, why do many babies who have just been over a month easily spit out after drinking milk?

Most babies spit milk because of physiological structure, which should be a normal phenomenon. Because the baby's stomach capacity is only 100 ml, the cardia between the stomach and esophagus is just the opposite to that of adults, which is looser and slightly larger, so the milk will be poured out. At this time, gently pat the baby's back and blow out the air inside to make the baby comfortable. At the same time, don't let your baby's limbs move too much when feeding. However, except for some babies who spit milk normally, other babies will not eat after spitting milk, and their weight has not increased for a long time. Such a baby should be sent to the hospital for treatment in time.

5. What should I do if my baby is often constipated?

Babies are prone to constipation because of the lack of cellulose in food. Just give the baby some vegetables four months after birth, because the soluble cellulose contained in the vegetables can absorb water and promote the baby's gastrointestinal peristalsis, thus making the feces soft and easy to discharge. However, it should be noted that when you start eating vegetables, you must make them into mud for your baby to swallow.

6. When is it normal for the baby to teether? When do you start brushing your teeth after teething?

Babies begin to teether in about six to eight months, and some babies even have their first teeth four months after birth. If the baby 10 months later starts teething, it will be a bit abnormal, so consult a doctor in time. When the baby is about 2 and a half years old and has 20 teeth, you can teach him to try to brush his teeth. When brushing your teeth, use a children's soft toothbrush or a soft wool cloth to avoid damaging your gums, and don't use toothpaste when brushing your teeth, because some substances in toothpaste are not good for your baby.

3. What aspects should newborns pay attention to?

? Be sure to put the baby in a safe place. Before changing the baby's diaper, get everything you need ready and put it where you can get it.

When changing a baby's diaper, one hand can't leave the baby. Never put the baby himself or the cradle with the baby on the high platform, that is to say, even a very young baby will accidentally turn over or move the cradle.

? Don't drink hot tea, coffee or porridge with your baby in your arms. Adults think that hot tea, coffee or porridge that is not too hot will still burn the baby. When you drink with your baby in your arms, it will burn your baby if you spill it on your baby or put your hand in it. ? Remove dangerous goods, the baby will soon reach for something and like to put it in his mouth as soon as he grabs it.

All the dangerous items that you don't want your baby to catch, such as medicine, knives, scissors, matches, etc. And some small items that are easily overlooked, such as clothes buttons, glass balls, etc., should be locked or placed out of the baby's reach. Always check the baby's play for loose or falling parts to prevent the baby from choking after holding it in his hand.

4. What details should be paid special attention to in newborn safety?

Of course, everything is safe for newborns. Newborns may include small babies, because there will be some movements after two months. We often tell parents that children under one and a half years old should buy high-grade things, because the shedding of harmful substances such as chemical fibers will cause allergic asthma and so on.

After two to three months, the child's hands and mouth move more. The child's most sensitive organ is the mouth. He will explore the world with his mouth. Everything should be tasted and chewed so as not to become too tactile. Unsafe things such as lead and benzene will enter through his mouth. First, choose advanced items. In addition, when breastfeeding, for example, children have some experience and put it at the right temperature, because milk powder is also like this. Put it at a drinkable temperature first, then put the milk powder. Don't let it cool after soaking, and then do something else. There are people at home who give it to the children.

The bed for children must not be too soft, and there should be less bits and pieces. Now everything is tied up to prevent the small string from being entangled by the child. There is basically nothing messy on the bed, so you must have a certain distance and hang it on the bed.

In addition, don't give your child a bottle alone. Infant accidental injury mortality rate is higher than that of older children and 4-9 years old children. This is mainly suffocation. Newborns or babies are like this. To practice all kinds of initiative, we often let the child lie down and pay attention to someone in front, because some of his sleep is particularly heavy. If the child has this ability, he can adjust to ensure normal breathing, but when the child is particularly sleepy or sick or has no strength, the state of special fatigue will limit his sports activities.

There must be someone lying down. The sudden death rate of children abroad is particularly high. After the child is born, it is not a big problem to put the child in a room alone in order to ensure the quality of life of adults. However, because children who sleep on their stomachs often suffocate, they are now learning China's maintenance method, that is, lying on their sides and lying on their backs alternately, and they need someone to look after them when they are lying on their stomachs. When lying down, the child's lungs have a good expansion effect, and the entire back muscles are balanced, so it is still necessary to lie down.

5. What safety precautions should the baby know?

How to properly answer strange calls on the phone in order to sound polite and avoid exposing whether the baby is alone at home or with the nanny? Generally speaking, we don't approve of babies telling others about their family when they receive strange phone calls.

Don't say, "My parents are not at home, please call again tonight." Baby DO said, "Dad is taking a bath (or mom is buying me jelly in the supermarket downstairs). You can call later.

Asking for the phone number of the other party and saying "Dad will call you as soon as he takes a shower" is also a way. Generally, "dangerous strangers" don't leave their phone numbers. There is a stranger knocking at the door. Sometimes the baby is alone at home, and the person who collects the milk fee and garbage fee will call to open the door. There are also strangers holding the baby's favorite pizza box and saying, "Your mother asked me to send you pizza. Your mother has already paid. Open the door and let me give you a cake.

Don't open the door in this case. Baby DO said, "Dad is taking a nap now, so it's not convenient to wake him up.

Would you please come back in half an hour? Or: "I don't have money to give you now, wait until my mother takes a shower." Warm reminder parents should definitely warn their babies not to open the door to strangers. Parents of older children can make a list of who can open the door when they come, such as father, mother, grandfather, grandmother, grandfather and grandmother.

After seeing clearly through the cat's eye, you can open the door. You might as well stick this list on the door as a reminder and warning to the children.

It is safe for strangers and other strange children and their parents to play in the sight of their parents, such as children's playgrounds and inflatable castles. But if someone asks what your parents do, where they live, which kindergarten your baby goes to, and who will pick you up at ordinary times, the stranger is suspected of being "overzealous".

Don't teach your baby not to walk with "over-enthusiastic" strangers, and don't eat snacks given by strangers casually. If DO finds it difficult to get rid of strangers, it can ask the playground staff and security guards for help.

You can also say to strangers, "I don't remember all this. Why don't you ask my father?" My father is over there! "If a stranger has bad intentions, he will run away. The stranger took the baby home temporarily. A stranger, even a familiar person, wants to take the baby home. What should he do? Don't tell the baby, and never let the baby get in someone else's car. For example, if the baby is riding a bike in the community, even if the neighbors want to drive him back, they should refuse.

Mom and dad should emphasize that it is an iron discipline not to take other people's cars unless mom and dad agree. The baby said, "Never mind, you go first.

"Tips If it is really possible for parents to let friends or colleagues pick up their babies, how can they let their babies know whether this stranger is dangerous? It's simple. Parents should tell their baby a safe password in advance. If the person who comes to pick you up knows the password, the baby can go with him, otherwise it won't work. Parents should ensure that each security password is used only once, and often "review" this password with their baby at home to avoid forgetting it.

Now some incidents of abducting and selling children will happen between acquaintances. Therefore, it is meaningful to reach a tacit understanding with babies over 4 years old and set some "security passwords". If you get lost in shopping malls or supermarkets, you should train your baby in advance: 1.

Stay calm and don't cry. 2。

Get in touch with the nearest staff immediately (parents should give more suggestions to let their baby know the uniforms of the staff in the shopping places they often go to). 3。

There are radio stations in shopping malls or supermarkets, which are generally responsible for broadcasting commodity information and finding parents for lost children. So going to the radio at the first time can let parents know where the baby is and whether it is safe. 4。

Babies can ask the female staff to leave themselves at the radio station, or go to the reception desk and wait for their parents to pick them up. If you get lost on the road, 1.

It is safest to ask the nearest policeman or traffic controller for help. 2。

If you can't find the police at the moment, you can ask the nearest newsstand or the owner of the newsstand for help and ask him to call 1 10. 3。

Generally speaking, when the police arrive, as long as the baby can tell his home address or phone number, the police can help him safely send home. The sexual harassment of children suffering from "physical harassment" has now evolved into a very bad problem in very few places.

The younger the child, the more ignorant he is about this problem. He is easily deceived by small favors such as candy and balloons, and it is not easy to tell which ones are well-intentioned and which ones are malicious. Some malicious people will sign a "confidentiality treaty" with the baby to prevent him from telling his parents about the harassment. Therefore, such safety education must be done first.

Warm reminder parents should tell their baby that any part covered by our swimsuit can't be seen and touched by strangers. No one can see or touch this part of your body except your parents and doctors and nurses. If someone forces you, you should run away or tell your parents immediately. Has the baby ever been forced to hug? What should I do if my baby encounters a forced hug? Tell the baby never to get in a stranger's car.

If someone asks you to help her find a lost child or cat and let you get on the bus to "recognize the place", you should leave immediately and run in the opposite direction of the car. If someone insists on holding you in the car, the baby should shout "help" or loudly say "you are not my parents."

It is not enough for TIPS to entangle body language, because some people think that it is the child's disobedience, or the parents are forcing him to be quiet. Be sure to shout "You are not my mom and dad". Some babies are timid and never speak loudly. Parents should let their baby practice at home several times, just in case, so that the baby can develop such quick wisdom and courage.

Expert comments are too late, so we should pay attention to moderation. Undoubtedly, safety education is a "compulsory course" for children's life. But nothing can be overdone. If you tell children too many "terrible" stories, it will also hurt their sense of security and trust in others.

We emphasize that the degree and frequency of "danger" should be appropriate. Safety education through fun and education has a wide range and complicated contents. If you tell the child directly, the child will usually be impatient and not easy to remember.

6. What should I pay attention to when my baby is safe?

The baby is delicate, and once it is injured, it is not easy to recover.

Parents must take preventive measures for the safety of babies at home. 1. When riding, the baby must use a unified car safety seat; Read the instructions of the safety seat carefully to ensure that this seat can protect the baby; Never hold your baby in your arms while driving; One-year-old babies generally weigh less than 20 kg, and the safety seat must be back to the direction of the car, and the seat must also be placed in the back seat of the car; Never let the baby sit in the front seat of the car, especially where there are airbags. If your car has no back seat, you must remove the airbag when there is a baby. When the baby grows up and weighs more than 20 kg, you must upgrade its safety seat.

2. Anti-fall Memo When using the baby carrier, it must be placed on the ground and must not be placed on the counter or desktop; Never leave the baby alone in the bed or baby seat, he (she) is likely to fall; Don't smoke around the baby, and don't let smokers stay next to the baby; Install a fireworks alarm device on every floor of your home, remember to replace the battery once every six months; At least one fire extinguisher should be installed on each floor of the home. 3, prevent burns, do not hold hot liquid when holding the baby; Don't heat the baby bottle in the microwave oven to avoid scalding.

Many microwave ovens will produce "high temperature spots" on the baby bottle because of uneven temperature, which may burn the baby's mouth. Baby's bottle can be heated with flowing hot water or soaked in hot water; Test by hand or wrist before feeding the baby to ensure that the temperature is moderate.

4. Prevent accidental injuries. Keep sharp instruments such as knives, scissors, tools and razors, as well as coins, glassware, beads, pins or drugs that are dangerous to the baby, in a safe place where the baby can't reach them; Don't shake the baby or throw it into the air, which may lead to brain damage or blindness; Don't let the baby get along with other small companions or pets alone, even if the baby is sleeping; Treadmill is unsafe for babies of any age and speed. Never put the baby on it. Make sure that the baby can't pull the lamp or other power supply to the top of his head, and fix the power socket on the skirting board with insulating tape; Remove the tablecloth that may be pulled down by the baby from the table; Close all drawers to ensure that the baby can't open the drawers above his head. 5, bathing safety memorandum Before putting the baby into the bath water, be sure to test to ensure that the water temperature is not too high. It is a good idea to test the water temperature with your elbow; Never leave your baby alone in the bathtub or bath, even if it takes only a few seconds to drown the baby; Check those household gadgets, such as hair dryers and radios, to avoid them appearing in the baby's bathing place.

Unplug the power when not in use and don't let the baby get it; Don't let water in the basin or bucket, in case of accident. 6, toy safety precautions often check the baby's toys to ensure that these toys are intact, such as whether they can be disassembled, whether there are small parts that can be put into the baby's mouth, whether there are sharp parts, and ensure that the toys are too big to be put into the baby's mouth; Use a toy box without a lid, or make sure that the lid of the box will not automatically close under any circumstances; Be careful that balloons will suffocate the baby.

7. Memo of Accidental Asphyxiation Don't let thin threads and fluff products wrap around the baby's neck or put them next to the crib (plastic products such as rubber pacifiers). Be careful of the thin threads and buttons on the baby's clothes to ensure that it will not cause accidental suffocation of the baby; Prevent the invisible fluff and curtains floating on the baby's face from causing accidental suffocation of the baby; Put away all small things or trinkets to prevent suffocation injury caused by swallowing. 8. Feeding safety memorandum Don't let the baby lie in bed and drink milk without being looked after to prevent suffocation; Don't give your baby raw carrots, peeled apples, nuts, hard candy and other foods that may cause your baby to suffocate; When the baby is sitting on a high stool, it is best to use a binding belt to bypass the baby's waist and legs to prevent the baby from slipping; 9, sleep safety memorandum All babies should sleep on their backs to reduce the occurrence of sudden infant death syndrome.

Baby's crib safety memo be careful that a soft bed will suffocate your baby; The interval between crib fences must be 2 3/8 inches or less to prevent the baby's head from being caught; After the baby is 5 months old or can support the body with hands or knees, it is necessary to remove the toys hanging on the crib. 10. Other safety precautions should be taken to prevent the baby from being exposed to direct sunlight. The baby should not give him sunscreen before 6 months.

If you are not professional enough, you'd better attend the training of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, usually from the local Red Cross or the American Health Association. Leave all emergency calls on your mobile phone. These numbers should include: baby's pediatrician, your health consultant, your family doctor, 24-hour emergency call, police station, fire brigade and poison control center.

Once the baby eats toxic substances by mistake, call the poison control center immediately. Don't expose your baby to poisonous indoor plants. If you want to know which plants are poisonous, you can consult the local authorities.

Appoint a guardian for your baby. If you and your spouse encounter misfortune, it will be a good choice if you are willing to appoint a guardian for your baby. If there is no will, the court will appoint a guardian for the baby you do not want to entrust. It is best to check with the guardian specified in the will to see if he is willing to perform his guardianship duties, and the will can also leave the inheritance to the baby.

When your baby can move around, the following are the necessities to ensure his safety at home: install safety covers on all electrical plugs; Seal the wire on the wall floor; Install safety doors at the entrance of stairs and basement. It is best not to choose a door with a diamond plate, because diamonds can provide a foothold for a baby who can climb.

Instead, doors and revolving doors with vertical slats should be used; Put the detergent and medicine in the locked cupboard where the baby can't get it, and never put it in the bottle or medicine.