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Answer to the Preface of Selected Works of Classical Chinese by Mr. Yu Yan

1. Preface of Xia Qing's Collected Works Translation in Classical Chinese Hey, you can translate in school! ~ ~ Royal Guards

As a royal guard, Shen Jun Xia Qing wrote a letter attacking the Prime Minister, so the Prime Minister hated him very much. Luo Zhi tried to thank the emperor for his kindness, especially to reduce his guilt and exile him to the frontier fortress. During that period, Shen Jun's reputation for being outspoken spread all over the world. Soon, Shen Jun left home with his wife and children and came to the fortress. It happened that Fu Xuan Town and Datong Town frequently heard the emergency alarm of enemy invasion, but the generals at all levels below Shuaifu were helpless, closed the fortress and let the enemy invade, and even failed to hit the enemy with an arrow. Even when the enemy retreated, he cut off the left ear of the dead people in his own team and the people walking in the country for credit. So fathers cry for their sons, wives cry for their husbands, and brothers cry for their younger brothers everywhere, and the people have no place to complain and appeal. On the one hand, Shen Jun was indignant at the increasingly lax frontier defense, on the other hand, he hated all soldiers for killing people at will, deceiving the imperial court, and repeatedly crying and sighing, so he expressed his melancholy in his poems and became these chapters in Selected Works. Shen Jun was respected by his contemporaries because he dared to speak frankly. His poems and articles satirized current politics and gradually spread, shocking and panicking the whole court. So they began to try their best to spread rumors, plant and frame up, and the catastrophe in Shen Jun happened. After Shen Jun was killed, although North Korean officials dared not rehabilitate him, those who held important positions and framed Shen Jun together were quickly dismissed for their crimes. Soon after, the prime minister who hated Shen Jun was also dismissed. Yu Jun, an old friend of Shen Jun, collected and edited several volumes of his life's works and published them. Shen Jun's son Shen Xiang asked me to write a preface and put it in front of the anthology.

Reaction to a book or an article

After reading the anthology, I wrote: Isn't a person like Shen Jun the kind of person with high moral integrity in ancient times? Confucius deleted the Book of Songs, from the resentment of relatives in Little Brother to the ridicule of people in Xiang Bo, in which the works of loyal ministers, widows, hermits and cynics were all classified as "national style" and "lesser". Are they all in line with the rhythm of ancient poetry? But Confucius did not delete it easily, just because he pitied the experiences of these people and valued their ambitions. He also said, "These poems are all heartfelt feelings and are based on propriety and righteousness." "The speaker is innocent, and the listener should take a warning." I have studied the works since the Spring and Autumn Period in sequence, and Qu Yuan's Li Sao seems to be suspected of venting his anger. Wu Zixu's exhortation seems to be intimidation; Jia Yi's Chen Zheng Poetry seems to be too extreme; Ji Kang's poems seem too angry; Liu Chan's countermeasures seem paranoid. However, it may not be excluded to collect and sort out the Book of Songs with the purpose of Confucius deleting it. Although Mr. Shen has passed away, no scholar-bureaucrat in China mentioned that he didn't cry. Ah! If future generations read articles such as Ming Jian and Bian Bian included in Selected Works, it will make treacherous court officials frightened, let the border guards gallop to kill the enemy and arouse the indignation of the public enemy, that's for sure! In the future, imperial envoys will travel around the world. Will they miss these poems when they see them? I respectfully write it here. As for whether the diction and sentence-making of literary talent are exquisite and conform to the writing purpose of ancient writers, I won't write it unless it is a comment on Shen Junjie. [ 1]

2. Read the following classical Chinese and complete 1 1, d (proofreading: copying) 2, b (structural auxiliary words, right.

A. Table juxtaposition/table modification; C, table transfer, but/table inheritance, just; D, with/equivalent to "and", table modification. 3. D (A), the previous sentence is about Kong Rong's literary works; B, the previous sentence is about Zhuge Liang's literary works; C, both sentences are about character.

) 4, a (not comparison, analogy or contrast. Kong Rong was ambitious and brilliant, and his achievements were not passed down to future generations. But his wisdom, boldness and outstanding tolerance were naturally imitated by people at that time.

His books about Xiaozhang Sheng and Li Hongyu are full of emotion, showing an upright and manly manner. Zhu Gekongming is not famous for his articles, but he reveals the truth of things, makes people get their place, and is proficient in the names and practical meanings of things.

As for the mode, the language is concise, complete, direct and not presumptuous. It is a truly great speech, which is consistent with Yi Xun and Yu Ming, and can't be achieved by people who take pleasure in pleasing the king since Qin and Han Dynasties. I often regret that I can't see the complete articles of these two people.

Now my husband Zhang is just like them. Alas, scholars have been taking world affairs as their responsibility for a long time.

It is not that they are not good at words, and their political literature is not smart and extensive. However, in the face of great events, few people don't forget what they usually learn and lose their ambition. These people are narrow-minded Although Zhang Gong is a civil servant, he has a reputation as a fair assistant.

From being an official when I was young to never coming back when I was old, I never used words to please others and flattered others with my eyes. Even in the face of the emperor, you must speak after psychological identification.

Neither slander nor praise can change him, and the gains and losses are treated equally (frankly). What Confucius really said was to serve the king with virtue. Times have changed, and morality no longer exists. Even people with lofty ideals have wronged themselves in order to be used.

Only Zhang Gong, with his indomitable spirit, openly said, "If you are appointed, do your best, if you are abandoned, you will hide." The emperor did not pursue upward in his heart, so although he was respected, he was not hired. Even if he is hired, his talents can't be exhausted.

I don't pursue what the scholar-officials want, so few people like him and many people hate him. However, when it comes to truly great people in the world, we must put justice first.

Zhang Gong tries to show his nature, understand his destiny, and express his uncontrollable emotional opinions based on his nature, instead of being famous all over the world with articles. However, during the 40-odd years from Li Qing to Yuanfeng, discussions with the emperor on world affairs mostly appeared in various memorial halls.

Sometimes it is adopted, sometimes it is not adopted, but (his point of view) is based on propriety and justice, which is in line with human feelings. Judge right or wrong first, success or failure later. His other poems and essays are clear and magnificent, and everyone who reads them can imagine him as a person.

He is indeed similar to Kong Rong and Zhuge Liang. At the age of twenty, I met Zhang Gong as an apprentice in Chengdu. As soon as Zhang Gong saw me, he regarded me as a gifted scholar.

It has been more than 30 years now, and Mr. Wang has spent a lot of energy enlightening and teaching me. But I still don't follow Zhang Gong's example. I just look for his anthology, personally copy it and hide it at home, and discuss its general idea for later generations to read.

3. Translation of Preface (Collected Works of Mr. Xia Qing)1; The prime minister hated him very much for this. Luo Zhi tried to thank the emperor for his kindness, especially to reduce his guilt and exile him to the frontier fortress.

2; On the one hand, Shen Jun was indignant at the increasingly lax frontier defense. On the other hand, he hated soldiers for killing people at will and cheating the court.

3; If it is read by future generations, it will be enough to make the treacherous court official frightened and let the border guards bravely leap out to kill the enemy.

Translation:

As a royal guard, Shen Jun Xia Qing wrote a letter attacking the Prime Minister, so the Prime Minister hated him very much. Luo Zhi tried to thank the emperor for his kindness, especially to reduce his guilt and exile him to the frontier fortress. During that period, Shen Jun's reputation for being outspoken spread all over the world. Soon, Shen Jun left home with his wife and children and came to the fortress. It happened that Fu Xuan Town and Datong Town frequently heard the emergency alarm of enemy invasion, but the generals at all levels below Shuaifu were helpless, closed the fortress and let the enemy invade, and even failed to hit the enemy with an arrow. Even when the enemy retreated, he cut off the left ear of the dead people in his own team and the people walking in the country for credit. So fathers cry for their sons, wives cry for their husbands, and brothers cry for their younger brothers everywhere, and the people have no place to complain and appeal. On the one hand, Shen Jun was indignant at the increasingly lax frontier defense, on the other hand, he hated all soldiers for killing people at will, deceiving the imperial court, and repeatedly crying and sighing, so he expressed his melancholy and feelings in his poems, which became these chapters in Selected Works. Shen Jun was respected by his contemporaries because he dared to speak frankly. His poems and articles satirized current politics and gradually spread, shocking and panicking the whole court. So they began to try their best to spread rumors, plant and frame up, and the catastrophe in Shen Jun happened. After Shen Jun was killed, although North Korean officials dared not rehabilitate him, those who held important positions and framed Shen Jun together were quickly dismissed for their crimes. Soon after, the prime minister who hated Shen Jun was also dismissed. Yu Jun, an old friend of Shen Jun, collected and edited several volumes of his life's works and published them. Shen Jun's son Shen Xiang asked me to write a preface and put it in front of the anthology. After reading the anthology, I wrote: Isn't a person like Shen Jun the kind of person with high moral integrity in ancient times? Confucius deleted the Book of Songs, from the resentment of relatives in Little Brother to the ridicule of people in Xiang Bo, in which the works of loyal ministers, widows, hermits and cynics were all classified as "national style" and "lesser". Are they all in line with the rhythm of ancient poetry? But Confucius did not delete it easily, just because he pitied the experiences of these people and valued their ambitions. He also said, "These poems are all heartfelt feelings and are based on propriety and righteousness." "The speaker is innocent, and the listener should take a warning." Although Mr. Shen has passed away, no scholar-bureaucrat in China mentioned that he didn't cry. Ah! If future generations read articles such as Ming Jian and Bian Bian included in Selected Works, it will make treacherous court officials frightened, let the border guards gallop to kill the enemy and arouse the indignation of the public enemy, that's for sure! In the future, imperial envoys will travel around the world. Will they miss these poems when they see them? I respectfully write it here. As for whether the diction and sentence-making of literary talent are exquisite and conform to the writing purpose of ancient writers, I won't write it unless it is a comment on Shen Junjie.

4. Translating and engraving the preface of Mr. Nanfeng's anthology is only to find the original text. Remake the preface of Mr. Nanfeng's anthology. Wang Xiwen carries Tao, Tao is dominant, and nature is solid in one.

The six classics take one as the Sect, the saints take one as the pole, the teachers are consistent, and one of the saints is the only one. The characters are learned from the world and will never be broken. Under such a hundred schools of thought contend, there are different opinions, and it is hard to say if you can't train.

I am rich in the upper reaches of the Xijiang River, and I have humanities to replace me, especially for words, but my sex is unknown and I have been here for a long time. Mr. Zeng of Nanfeng is afraid of Gong, and the article is rooted in the study of self-nature and pursues the distance of sages. He has always been loyal to the university, faithful to the Six Classics, and faithful to the truth.

Is it shallow and fresh to orthodoxy? At that time, the people who read his articles were either hanging on the earth or going their separate ways. They all hunted him for what he said, praised him for his words and refused to be other, and also forgot to pick flowers. Hundreds of years later, Mr. Yu Sheng was particularly lucky to be close to her husband. His nature, loyalty, filial piety and honesty are full of rural comments, which can be known and counted by people beyond the surface of the article.

Mr. Wang has long held a negative attitude towards Ying Min. There are thousands of words in his diary, but he is knowledgeable and detailed, but almost single-minded. Good education is based on pure filial piety. Children learn from classics, so that they can know their nature and know their ways, so that their younger brothers can distinguish by literature, and Sun takes loyalty and righteousness as the name.

He served in six States, where he catered, stole and raped, which was beneficial to politics and inspiring. The two of them moved to the history museum and catalogued, and they were divorced from their original hearts, which was not expensive.

When he was loyal and straightforward, he suffered from the new law and his career was not finished, so he broke up and returned to the field to set up Xinglu Academy, which was consistent with the invention of European and American gentlemen. Yuan Feng's manuscripts, Longping, Jinshi, group history and other books are all from the soul, which is really Confucius' mind. Ke Shao is a scholar of the holy family! So far, the surname of the son has been circulated, temples have been set up in places such as Fu and Jian, and the descendants of Chaxi are gentle and humane, and they have begun to channel.

First, Yuanfeng's manuscript, the taboo and loyal minister of the ninth Sun Ju Chaxi, has been proofread, and the manuscript has been preserved in the county for a long time, which is incomplete. I deeply feel that Sun Bin, a scholar in Shu, is a scholar, doer, Taoist, thinker, scholar and pioneer, so he came.

Although I am not sensitive, I have tasted the destruction of Taoism in the strange world, and I am committed to qualitative training. I admire myself very much. However, I didn't blame my ambition. I said from the beginning: your scholars are very enthusiastic about this, but those who are eager to shake off the shackles do not admire their traces. They should stay away from their own hearts, be sincere in their own Tao, and be strict with their own hearts, so they are naturally the ancestors of the law. One of the saints, Mr. Yan Zhi, one of the gentlemen, and later Yin Dangzong, is hereby established as the code of heart-to-heart.

If you can't understand the Tao, how can you show Zude? It is worth being a teacher and studying in the future. I am ashamed that I can't do my best. I work day and night, which belongs to later scholars. Ming Wanli Ding Youqing Huan The Last Month Of Summer, a gift to Jinshi, Doctor Chiayi, a provincial judge of Guangdong and Guangxi, a former imperial envoy to help Miao, two magistrates to study politics, two families to know Zhili Taiping House, a gift to North Korea, a banquet official, Sejong Lu and Hanlin Academy Jishi Shu, a main road.

5. What is Mr. Li Yong's junior official in the south? What is the preface to the collected works of Mr. Li Yong written by Gui Youguang in classical Chinese?

Unlike southern Cao Li and Li Guan, Mr. Li Yong's position is simple, but he only entertains himself with poetry. Live in peace, if you can't say it, or you doubt it because you don't understand the status quo. And the official who takes an examination of where he went must take the world as the heart and be almost mediocre. Hey, honey! The custom of this world has lasted for a long time. Scholar-officials took "e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e" In my opinion, it is appropriate not to know the status quo. After reading it, I'm going to write a letter to Chen Yan, saying that everything in the world is ruled by the emperor Litchi Zhongxing, and the official (2) is bound to protect the world, but he never goes. In the past, the so-called Wendi was practiced in Jia Sheng's office in Chen Lue. When he became a strong official, he praised the shepherd as the highest in Taiwan and refused to vote because of his misfortune.

Living at home for more than ten years, studying behind closed doors, I feel like a Confucian scholar. I studied the Six Classics, Confucius and Mencius, and devoted myself to the great cause. What I wrote has not been studied by many Confucianists. I call myself a weak official, and I can't explain my practical learning. I just take Wei and Jin poets and imitation exercises as my work. Teenagers waste their energy in useless places and deeply regret it, which is often found in words, and so on. Leisure Day is called "redundant recording" because of its writing style. Give it to me.

A person who thinks that a writer is the embodiment of Tao. The shape of Tao is a text, and its words are just right, that is, its meaning is far-reaching, its words are in the middle, and its hidden. Although it is tiring to say a thousand words, it is not the so-called out of shape, but also the love of the five internal organs. So literature is beyond the reach of saints. Although, Confucius said: "If there is a way in the world, there must be branches and leaves;" There is no way in the world, there are branches and leaves. If the husband wins, the text is not as good as expected; More words, more articles. Overflow in the text, not the Tao? So I can't measure the reason why Mr. Zhi is advancing in Japan. Record several volumes, from bootstrapping Jinshi to thanking family members for their efforts. However, those who survive are nothing, thinking they have warts and clouds.

(Selected from Gui Youguang's Preface to the Collected Works of Mr. Li Yong)

Gui Youguang (150765438+1October 6th-15765438+February 7th) is known as "Mr. Zhenchuan". Han nationality, a native of Xuanhuali (now Kunshan, Jiangsu), Kunshan County, Taicang Prefecture, Suzhou. Ming dynasty officials, essayists, ancient prose masters.

In the 19th year of Jiajing (1540), he served as a juror. After failing the eighth exam, I moved to the Anting River in Jiading, where I studied and talked with many apprentices. In the thirty-third year of Jiajing (1554), when the Japanese made an insurrection, Gui Youguang went to the city to prepare for defense and wrote the Proposal for Defending the Japanese. Jiajing forty-four years (1565), 60-year-old Jinshi. He passed judgments in Changxing County, Shunde County, Taibu Temple in Nanjing and other places, so he was called a "servant" and stayed in the cabinet room to revise the Sejong record. Qin Long died in the fifth year (157 1) at the age of 66.

Gui Youguang and Wang both praised the profundity and simplicity of Tang and Song prose, and called it "the three masters of Jiajing". His prose style is simple and sincere, and he is a representative writer of "Tang and Song School" in Ming Dynasty. He was called "Ouyang Xiu today", and later generations praised his prose as "plain language first". He is the author of "Zhenchuan Collection" and "Three Five Water Conservancy Records".