Cave houses are widely distributed in the Loess Plateau. Cave dwellings are built on the mountain, and holes are dug horizontally in the natural earth wall, facing the sun.

This cave is an ancient way of life for the residents of the Loess Plateau in northwest China. Locals have lived in caves for thousands of years. Living in caves has a special interest. At the end of today's news program, let's learn about caves, an ancient building and those who live in caves.

Look at Huashan garden village in Yan 'an City, Shaanxi Province, north of China. Farmers here live in 100 caves. Mr Zhang Zhijun, 53, is an ordinary farmer in Huayuantun Village. His two sons are married, and Zhang Zhijun has a grandson and a granddaughter. Mr. Zhang said that his family lived in a cave for generations:

"The cave is good and warm! Grandpa has lived in a cave for generations. Up to now, my grandson was born here (in the cave). (I) laid a big cave, which is warm in winter and cool in summer. It's good. "

As early as 4000 years ago, people living in Shaanxi Province dug at the customs gate in the northern part of the Loess Plateau. Sticks on the loess plateau are hard and not easy to collapse. The cave is built on the mountain, and the pit is drilled on the natural soil layer on the wall. Simple construction, easy construction and low cost. Living there is warm in winter and cool in summer. Today, caves are widely distributed in the Loess Plateau, with a permanent population of over 400,000.

Caves are generally 3 meters, 3 to 20 meters wide and the deepest. This hole is as easy as the morning sun. The simplest cave is to dig a cave directly from the cave soil; Reinforced earth caves, stone caves, and of course reinforced brick caves. Brick caves are more beautiful in appearance.

This ancient cave lifestyle and the long-standing local grotto art have also attracted more and more domestic and foreign tourists and even foreigners to visit and stay. Now, Zhang Laohan runs several caves by himself, traveling from caves and entertaining tourists with cave dishes and local characteristics.

"Good business! The man sitting on our cave kang said, very good, very beautiful! (Some people) don't have caves, the old man said, "(Tourism enterprises) don't seem so hot. Entertain (them), our souvenirs, local eggs, local chicken and high steamed buns. (We also) carry out our northern Shaanxi Yangko (part of it). My daughter, foreigners like paper cutting. Son-in-law also! "

Today, in Zhang Zhijun and Yan 'an, many people know the caves where they have lived for generations and develop tourism to improve their lives. Yan 'an has also developed a cave-themed scenic spot to show its charm. The hotel in Yan 'an Grottoes in Yang Jialing, the largest grotto building in the world, has now become a new bright spot in Yan 'an. It is built on a mountain, with 8 rows and nearly 300 caves. Dong Nong's hand-painted paintings hang on the wall; Hollow lattice window, paper-cut, window sill with flowers. The stones, stone mills, stone tables and chairs placed in front of the cave are all rich and fragrant farms. In order to meet the different needs of passengers, some caves stand on beds, and some caves are traditional heatable adobe sleeping platform. The cave is equipped with a bathroom, complete living facilities and clean environment.

Grottoes Hotel, the reporter saw that tourists were traveling in Yan 'an, Shanghai. Mr. Xu Changjun said:

"What kind of cave? Some big cities don't read much! Change the national characteristics (I live in cave facilities), but many traditional things or keep the character of the building are traditional things! It feels so good! "

However, while many foreigners experience cave life, some local farmers learn to watch the city people move out of the cave and build spacious and ventilated bungalows or two-story buildings. When reporters interviewed in Yan 'an, they often saw a new rural residential area. There was a hole on the hillside behind the ancient cave, which lit up the new house.