Deferred repayment, interest reduction and exemption, no penalty interest ... Multi-bank insurance regulatory bureaus make moves to support trapped enterprises.

Whether it is the owner of Xibei Youmian Village or the founder of Orange Hotel, their personal pain in the survival dilemma of small and medium-sized enterprises under the epidemic has dispersed the focus of recent public opinion from a single epidemic prevention and control to the resumption of work and production of small and medium-sized enterprises. ?

The voice of public opinion has also been answered by the policy. In order to adhere to the "two-handed grasp" of epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, many ministries and local governments have successively introduced measures to promote enterprises to resume work and production. However, judging from the voice of enterprises, some policy measures still need to be further improved. ?

"According to the declaration and inspection process for enterprises to resume work formulated by our local government, the most appropriate and safest way for small and micro enterprises like me with only about 10 employees is not to resume work, otherwise the cost and price of simply meeting the policy requirements will be high. I plan to return to work in early March. As far as I know, the small factories opened by some friends around me have not resumed work yet, and we plan to see the situation in early March. "A small and micro enterprise owner engaged in engineering parts processing in Hebei told the reporter of China Daily. ?

At the moment of the epidemic, the practical difficulties faced by enterprises in different industries are very different, but the preparations before returning to work are similar. According to the policy of returning to work formulated by local governments, enterprises basically have to go through a series of outflow links such as application, on-site inspection and approval. The above-mentioned small and micro business owners showed reporters the documents that need to be submitted to the government in this regard, including the approval form for resumption of work during the epidemic, the commitment letter for epidemic prevention and control, the work plan for epidemic prevention and control, the enterprise employment roster, the employee health declaration card, and the epidemic prevention and control detection process. In addition, enterprises also need to undertake responsibilities such as management of discarded masks, personnel control, health inspection, emergency material reserve, and goods access control. ?

The preparation process for enterprises to resume work is cumbersome and controversial. On February 1 1, the relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission said that the NDRC would strictly stop the practice of restricting enterprises from resuming work and production by simple and rude means such as examination and approval. "Some places have adopted a declaration system for enterprises to resume work and production, and some have also set pre-approval conditions. These practices are not in line with the central government's spirit of strengthening the scientific prevention and control of the epidemic and doing a good job in the resumption of production in an orderly manner. " ?

In order to ensure enterprises to resume work and production, the policy level began to exert its strength. Especially in order to ensure the capital demand of small and medium-sized enterprises, the financial supervision department has introduced specific measures to support the trapped small and medium-sized enterprises, such as appropriately relaxing the criteria for determining non-performing loans, lowering the loan interest rate and extending the loan term. However, many analysts call for the adoption of urban epidemic classification policy. Cities where the epidemic situation is not serious and the prevention and control effect has been fully achieved should, while improving their prevention and control capabilities and means, return to work and start their own businesses in time and resume normal economic and social life. At the same time, fiscal policy should consider giving tax incentives to some industries and enterprises. According to the SARS epidemic period, targeted measures such as reducing or exempting policy funds and implementing tax incentives can be implemented for industries seriously affected by the epidemic to stabilize employment and economic growth. ?

Financial policies support small and medium-sized enterprises with difficulties, and loans can be extended appropriately?

Following the introduction of the financial support epidemic prevention and control policy by CBRC in the early stage, local banking regulatory bureaus successively introduced financial measures to guide banking financial institutions within their jurisdiction to support small and micro enterprises in distress. Judging from the policies and measures issued by the Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places, small and micro enterprises in trouble are expected to enjoy preferential policies such as loan extension, loan discount and loan interest rate reduction. Accordingly, the regulatory authorities will appropriately relax the criteria for identifying non-performing loans of banks. ?

The Shanghai Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau issued a document stipulating that for small and micro enterprises whose capital needs are expanded due to the epidemic, eligible enterprises should actively increase the credit line, and they are not forced to provide supplementary information or new credit enhancement measures, and can withdraw money at any time to meet the temporary capital needs of enterprises. For enterprises that are greatly affected by the epidemic and have loans due in the near future, make full use of non-repayment of loans and annual review system to ensure that they should be renewed. Banking institutions in Shanghai are encouraged to take the initiative to renew loans for customers whose loans expire before June 30, 2020 but are difficult to repay on time due to the epidemic, and the loan renewal period shall not exceed 1 year. ?

At the same time, banks can set a certain period of policy grace period. Enterprises in related industries affected by the epidemic are temporarily unable to repay loans due and overdue, and no penalty interest and compound interest will be charged, which will not affect customers' credit records. For enterprises that temporarily lose their income sources due to the epidemic, they can submit their credit records according to the adjusted repayment arrangements, and it is not mandatory to list such loans overdue for 90 days or more as bad. ?

Jiangsu Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau also proposed to further increase credit support for enterprises that have not laid off employees and enterprises that have expanded employment. During the epidemic prevention and control period, all kinds of loans that meet the conditions of deferred repayment are not included in the overdue statistics, and no penalty interest is charged. The regulatory authorities will further relax the tolerance of non-performing loans of small and micro enterprises during the epidemic as appropriate, and make a statistical evaluation of non-performing loans of small and micro enterprises written off in 2020. ?

Zhejiang Banking Insurance Supervision Branch has made it clear that during the first-level response period in the province, for enterprises that are greatly affected by the epidemic and have temporary repayment difficulties, measures such as deferred repayment, installment repayment, extension, and non-repayment of loans will be taken to ensure that they are not overdue, do not count penalty interest, do not downgrade loan classification, and do not affect credit information. Enterprises with difficulties in returning to work may be granted a loan extension of not less than 3 months depending on the situation, and the days in loans overdue will not be counted during the epidemic. ?

It is worth noting that in terms of interest rate concessions, Zhejiang Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau has set a specific upper limit level, and at the same time publicized the preferential interest rate policies of banks within its jurisdiction. It is clear that for existing stock loans, banks will calculate the current interest in February 2020 at the LPR rate not higher than the same level for industries and enterprises seriously affected by the epidemic, such as manufacturing, wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering, and give the highest interest-free policy. ?

For example, Zhejiang Branch of Agricultural Development Bank proposed to give the maximum 0.5 percentage point discount to emergency loans for disaster relief and loans for small and micro enterprises involved in epidemic prevention and control. The minimum interest rate for emergency loans for disaster relief can be reduced to 1 year LPR minus 0.45 percentage point, and the minimum interest rate for loans for small and micro enterprises can be reduced to 1 year LPR minus 0.5 percentage point. China Industrial and Commercial Bank Zhejiang Branch has made it clear that the grace period of 15 days will be uniformly set from 65438+ 10/. Loans due from 65438+1October 3 1 to March 3 1 can be extended for half a year. ?

Voice from business owners: I hope to introduce policies such as tax reduction and exemption to help "cut expenditure"?

In view of the financial support policy issued by the financial supervision department, the bank has made deployment arrangements. A person from the inclusive finance Department of a large state-owned bank told the China Daily that the bank has introduced many measures to solve the financial problems encountered by enterprises, and everyone has a much deeper understanding of the relationship between banks and small and micro enterprises than before, and the measures are highly targeted and operable. However, the problems encountered by enterprises are various, especially under the epidemic situation, it is also very important to play the role of the government, including the support of fiscal and taxation policies. ?

A person in charge of an enterprise engaged in the production of small household appliances in Foshan told China, a brokerage firm, that for many small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, although the negative impact of the epidemic is not as great as that of catering, hotels and other service industries, if they stop production for more than one month, they will also bring greater losses. I hope the government will introduce policies such as tax relief and flexible employment policy adjustment. ?

"There are about 50 workers in our factory, most of whom are from Guangxi. There are many reasons for not returning to work now. " The above-mentioned Foshan business owners said, first, most workers' homes and villages are closed, and people are not allowed to go out casually. In addition, many public transportation stops, so it is inconvenient to go back to work in Foshan. Second, business owners also have concerns, and they are still in the critical period of epidemic prevention and control. In case the workers are diagnosed after returning to work, the whole factory will stop working at that time, which is even more uneconomical for enterprises. ?

According to the introduction of the above-mentioned Foshan business owners, most local small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in Foshan have not resumed work, and many friends who have opened factories in the surrounding areas plan to resume work from the end of February to the beginning of March. ?

When asked what measures the government suggested to help enterprises tide over the difficult period of the epidemic, the above-mentioned Foshan business owners believed that the government should introduce corresponding measures to help enterprises "cut costs" when enterprises could not resume work to obtain operating income. First of all, for many small and medium-sized enterprises, the pressure of taxes and fees is still relatively high, and it is hoped that more targeted tax reduction and exemption measures will be introduced; Secondly, labor cost has become the biggest expenditure item of many enterprises. The current employment system has too many constraints on business owners, and social security payment, employee salary increase and minimum wage requirements, and employee dismissal policy arrangements are not "friendly" to enterprises. Take the delayed payment of social security in some places as an example, this policy has little impact on SMEs. Social security is only delayed but the total amount has not decreased by one point, and the actual burden of enterprises has not been reduced. ?

In addition, the rent expenditure is not a small expenditure, but it is difficult to solve in the short term. The business owner said that at present, the venue leasing of many enterprises is a market behavior, and it is necessary to negotiate with the landlord whether the rent can be reduced or exempted in a special period. However, in recent years, many industrial land has become residential or commercial land, and the industrial land is getting less and less, and the rent of factory buildings is rising, which increases the burden on enterprises. To alleviate this problem, we need to rely on the government to relax the land policy appropriately and increase the land supply. ?

China, an associate professor in the Department of Applied Economics of Guanghua School of Management, Peking University, deputy director of the Institute of Economic Policy of Peking University and chief economist of Founder Securities, said in an exclusive interview recently that although the Ministry of Finance had implemented large-scale measures to reduce fees and taxes before, in the face of the COVID-19 epidemic, we still suggested to implement targeted tax incentives for industries seriously affected by the epidemic to stabilize employment and promote growth. Among them, wholesale and retail, transportation, tourism and leisure, catering, entertainment media and other industries are seriously affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, so it is suggested to give some industries and enterprises tax incentives. For example, during the SARS epidemic, in order to ensure normal production and business activities, the Ministry of Finance of People's Republic of China (PRC) and State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China implemented preferential tax policies for some industries directly affected by the epidemic from May/KLOC-0 to September 30, 2003. At the same time, the Ministry of Finance also reduced or exempted government funds in related industries 15.