Brief analysis on the closing management of construction projects?

After the completion of the construction project, there is a lot of finishing work to be done, which is the key to ensure the smooth operation of the project. However, in reality, the construction, construction and supervision units pay insufficient attention to the closing work, and some problems accumulated in the early stage are exposed in the closing stage, which highlights the contradictions among all parties in the construction. If we don't pay attention to it and take appropriate measures, it will bring many problems to the project acceptance and put into use. From the perspective of the project manager of the construction unit, Zhong Da Consulting Group discussed the project characteristics, main work, existing problems and countermeasures in the final stage.

Characteristics of the final stage of the project

In the final stage of the project, the construction task of the project entity has been basically completed, and there are still many fragmentary repair tasks. Although the engineering quantity is not large, they have the characteristics of zero, miscellaneous and many. At this time, the main strength of the construction unit in terms of manpower and material resources has been transferred to the new project, and only a small amount of strength has been reserved for the closing and cleaning of the project. In terms of business and technology, there is not much construction technical guidance, but there is a lot of information to be integrated and sorted out. In terms of capital demand, the progress payment has been paid to the upper limit agreed in the contract, and the project settlement has not been completed. However, the efforts of subcontractors, labor services and suppliers have increased, and the general contractor urgently needs the construction unit to approve and pay the project settlement as soon as possible. In the final stage, the parties involved in the construction have prominent contradictions. The main supervision work of the supervision unit has been completed, and it is considered that there will be no major quality and safety accidents in the closing stage, and insufficient attention has been paid to the closing stage of the project, resulting in the supervision service level being lower than that in the construction stage. The construction unit needs to organize the project completion acceptance, and there are many communication and coordination matters. Some engineering majors have more subcontracts, more materials supplied by Party A and more designs. In the final stage, there are many disputes, and the coordination task of the construction unit is greater. At the same time, the workload of marketing, finance, cost and user departments within the unit has also increased, and the relationship with various construction units has become increasingly prominent because it involves final settlement. Some construction units are in a passive state because of their own experience and inadequate early management.

Main work and existing problems in the later stage of the project

Organize the project completion acceptance.

Completion acceptance includes entity acceptance and engineering data acceptance.

The entity acceptance of the construction unit should check whether the construction unit has completed all the construction contents according to the contract and the current engineering quality acceptance standards, and check the division and sub-projects involving the engineering quality and safety and the use function item by item to ensure that all projects meet the quality acceptance standards. Do a good job in professional acceptance, including pre-acceptance of planning, fire protection, civil air defense, environmental protection, building energy conservation, indoor environment, elevators, boilers, archives, etc. After the completion of each special acceptance, organize the four-party acceptance, and invite the local quality supervision department to supervise the completion of the acceptance filing work.

Data Acceptance The construction unit shall inspect the data of the construction and supervision unit in strict accordance with the Regulations on the Management of Construction Engineering Data and the requirements of the competent department of the unit to ensure the completeness, truthfulness and effectiveness of the archived data. Pay special attention to whether the drawing of as-built drawings truly reflects the actual situation of the project. At the same time, collect and sort out the project management information of this unit, classify and archive it, and archive it centrally.

Approved project settlement

Project settlement is the focus and key point of the contradiction between the construction unit and the construction unit in the later period. Whether the project settlement work is smooth or not depends on the rigor and completeness of the contents of the construction project contract signing and whether the contract management work is serious during the project implementation. Settlement is related to the interests of all parties, and must be carried out in accordance with the settlement principle agreed in the contract and in the principle of seeking truth from facts, fairness and reasonableness. Some construction units increase the engineering quantity by confusing engineering boundaries and repeated measurement, increase the project unit price by confusing material unit price, comprehensive unit price and lump sum price, and overcharge taxes and fees by expanding the charging base and raising the charging rate, thus increasing the total project cost. If the personnel of the construction unit do not understand the actual situation of the project and lack the knowledge related to the project cost, it will be easily used by the construction unit.

Project handover and takeover

After the completion of the project, the construction unit has been evacuated from the site, or although there are left-behind personnel, it is difficult for maintenance personnel to be present in time to deal with the quality problems of the project. Especially in some hotels, office buildings and other commercial places, it is difficult for construction units to meet the requirements in maintenance time. If the construction unit organizes the construction of property personnel, when the expenses incurred in the construction are deducted from the quality guarantee fund, there will often be a lot of wrangling with the original construction unit, which will adversely affect the work of both parties.

Solve contract disputes

In order to safeguard their own interests, all units often resort to legal means to safeguard their rights when some controversial issues cannot be resolved through consultation. This requires us to sign the contract in detail, accurately and unambiguously; During the performance of the contract, relevant evidential materials should be kept for key issues, such as engineering photos, meeting minutes or video materials. Once submitted to arbitration or litigation, strong evidence should be provided to safeguard their rights and interests.

How to do a good job in project closing management

Do a good job in project acceptance

Project acceptance is a comprehensive inspection of the whole project. In order to make the project acceptance go smoothly, all the work in the construction process should be based on the principle of ensuring acceptance.

It is inevitable to grasp the design changes of drawings in the construction process, but some projects have more design changes, which exceed the original planning permission and preliminary design approval, laying hidden dangers for acceptance. Due to insufficient demonstration in the early stage, some projects were changed by the construction unit halfway, and some changes involving important functions were put forward. At this time, it must be re-examined by the drawing review organization before implementation. Moreover, any changes must be made on the premise of meeting the planning permission and preliminary design approval. In order to make the appearance of the project more beautiful, or increase the construction area, some units have made some changes to the original reply, hoping to muddle through the acceptance, which has laid a hidden danger for the acceptance. Once it fails to pass the acceptance, it will pay a higher price. For example, in order to make the hall spacious, increase the width and height of the entrance to the gate; In order to increase the building area, the upper part of the roof was added with a flower frame beam, which laid a good foundation for adding stories in the future. Such as changes caused by the revision of construction specifications, should also be filed with the planning authorities in a timely manner before implementation.

Keep abreast of all new regulations. The period of new policy construction projects is generally longer. During the construction period, many policies and regulations are sometimes revised, especially those related to material testing, reinspection, construction area calculation methods, etc. So we should always understand and grasp them. Sometimes the design and construction are carried out according to the old documents, but the project time span is long and new regulations are issued before acceptance. If the policy convergence is not good, the accepting department will accept it according to the new standard. In addition, when the project has the conditions, the construction unit should timely organize indoor environment testing, system energy-saving testing, water quality testing, and timely apply for elevator, boiler, fire protection, civil air defense, planning and other acceptance. These inspections are time-limited, so enough time should be reserved [2].

Do a good job in project settlement

The main basis for determining the settlement principle is the construction project contract, and the whole settlement work should be carried out around the construction project contract. If the construction project contract is not strictly signed, so that both parties have disputes over a certain clause, they can consult the documents of the local construction project authorities and negotiate and unify in time. The principle of settlement should be seeking truth from facts and being fair and reasonable on the basis of respecting the contract.

Check the authenticity of settlement data. Some construction drawings have changed greatly and there are many versions. Before settlement, the bidding drawings, construction drawings and as-built drawings shall be checked and confirmed. All kinds of change visas and meeting minutes should be signed completely and must be written materials. Those with incomplete signatures will not be accepted.

Grasping the initiative of settlement negotiation, the construction unit personnel should constantly learn the knowledge of project cost and contract management, and enhance the awareness of claim and counterclaim. Pay attention to the in-depth construction site, strengthen market research, and effectively improve their overall quality. In addition, the construction unit should flexibly grasp the negotiation principle, take advantage of the tight capital demand of the construction unit in the later period, and grasp the initiative of settlement negotiation. By making concessions in terms of payment methods and time, we won concessions from the construction unit in other aspects.

Sign the project warranty contract and provide good maintenance service.

When inviting tenders or signing warranty contracts, the construction unit may adopt the way of lump-sum warranty payment. That is, a certain percentage of quality deposit is detained as special maintenance funds. If maintenance is needed, the construction unit shall organize the property management company to be responsible for the construction. Quality problems outside the warranty scope are still the responsibility of the responsible unit. Except for the detained part, the rest of the quality guarantee money shall be paid to the construction unit together with the settlement money. It is best for the construction unit to determine the property management company in advance, and intervene in the project management at the stage of project acceptance, debugging and trial operation, so as to lay a good foundation for the smooth development of later maintenance management.

Actively respond to engineering claims

Dealing with engineering claims should be based on prevention. Only when the construction unit fully understands all kinds of incentives that cause engineering claims, grasps the "degree" that causes engineering claims, and resolves contradictions in time can it nip in the bud. At the same time, we should strengthen the awareness of claim and counterclaim, and pay attention to keeping all kinds of evidence materials that are beneficial to us during the project construction, such as meeting minutes, correspondence between the two parties, photos of project progress, payment vouchers and other written or video materials.

Improve the later use procedures.

The construction unit needs to go to the public security department for the house number of the residential building. The use of underground civil air defense space, but also to the civil air defense management department for civil air defense engineering permits, formulate rules and regulations for the use of civil air defense space. Go through the formalities of land certificate, real estate license, lease certificate and parking permit as soon as possible, so that the project can be put into use as soon as possible and bring benefits into play.

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