Who can briefly introduce the four forest circles in China?

The four major gardens in China include Suzhou Garden, Humble Administrator's Garden, Canglang Garden and Summer Palace.

The traditional classical gardens in China are mainly composed of natural space and architectural space, while the gardening art is mainly composed of "gathering", "scattering" and "scattering". Only by gathering into architectural space, dispersing into natural space, combining scattered gathering and bringing out the best in each other can we achieve the unified beauty of gardens.

Looking at the four famous gardens, the Summer Palace and the Summer Resort, it embodies the style of royal gardens. With an open area, ornamental flowers and trees are planted, and overlapping rockeries win with boldness, naturalness and simplicity. Suzhou Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden are typical gardens in the south of the Yangtze River. They win by water features, pay more attention to the asymmetric beauty of layout, coordination, foil and architecture, and reflect the interest of nature.

Since the Song Dynasty, the gardens in China have been exquisite and elegant, and the connection between beauty and beauty is closer. However, before the Qin Dynasty, beauty was associated with greatness. This kind of boldness was inherited by the kings of ethnic minorities, and only a very small number of Han emperors had this spirit. The most typical examples of outstanding physique are Kangxi and Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. After the Qing Emperor Kangxi pacified San Francisco, he left the Forbidden City every summer and went to the west of Beijing for the summer, and began to operate Xiangshan Temple in Xiangshan as the Summer Palace. Later, he left Beijing and went to Chengde to build another summer resort. On this basis, Emperor Qianlong expanded Qingyi Garden on a large scale in the west of Beijing, and changed it into the Summer Palace in 1880, which improved the summer resort in Chengde. The biggest feature of these two gardens is that they win by being broad, and they bring the word "big" to the extreme, and also bring the vision of a generation of men to the extreme.

As gardens, the Summer Palace and the Summer Resort are the summer palaces of the Qing emperors. As a thing, they are a special political stage in the history of China. As a "character", they were born in Kanggan, and finally they were miserable warlords, ashamed of Japan, and experienced vicissitudes of life.

As far as the characteristics of architectural gardens are concerned, the summer resort is different from the Summer Palace, which is embodied in "wildness" and "simplicity". Although the villa is a garden, it maintains the original environment of nature to the greatest extent. "Follow the trend, not rely on manpower" was the construction idea at that time. Mountains, rivers, forests and springs are all real. Even civil buildings follow the construction principles of "relying on mountains and water" and "being clever in Ning Zhuo". All kinds of animals can be seen everywhere, let them multiply and let them die. As a royal garden, the architectural style of the villa has a simple feeling. In terms of color, we don't pursue carving beams and painting buildings, but win with simple colors. The walls of the palace are not decorated with scarlet, but made of local natural gravel; The palace is built in the form of quadrangles of northern residents, with blue bricks and white ashes pointing, which is in sharp contrast with the "heavy makeup" of the Summer Palace.

Therefore, these two royal Yuan Lin are more beautiful than Jiangnan.

Suzhou gardens in the south of the Yangtze River, as a thing, are much easier. The owner of the garden is just the emperor's mind. The main purpose, of course, is to rest and watch. As a garden, * * * has one thing in common: no matter where you stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of you.

Rockery and overlapping mountains are characterized by Taihu stone, which is porous and exquisite, and has four characteristics: wrinkle, thinness, transparency and leakage; Worry-free, the flowing water in the pond is a good painting. The river is high and low, and the tall trees and short trees are pitching. There are no pine trees trimmed like pagodas, no paraded roadside trees, and no ancient vines. The winding branches are just a good painting. The flower wall and the porch are separated, but they are not separated, which increases the depth of the scene.

Wandering in the garden, the "East Garden" of Xu Shitai, a servant of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, is divided into four different scenic spots: landscape, courtyard, countryside and mountain forest. The composition of the window scene is handled in space, and the technique is ingenious and fascinating. Taihu stone "Yungaifeng" is shaped like a girl, "dancing like a dragon, not just beautiful spring." The hall is beautifully decorated, luxuriously furnished and elegant, and it has the interest of "Shan Ye without going out of the city corridor".

Humble Administrator's Garden, the private garden of the king who fell out of favor and was demoted to the imperial history during the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. The layout is clean and cheerful, with water as the center. Buildings such as pavilions and pavilions are mostly built by the twists and turns of water on the shore and beside the pool. The waterscape is prominent everywhere, surrounded by green trees, small bridges and flowing water, and the water town in the south of the Yangtze River is full of flavor.

Visit four famous gardens, see the rise and fall of a dynasty, see the history of old servants and disgraced emperors, and see the garden style of "integrating beauty with nature, conforming to nature and surpassing nature". Now, do you want to know what memories and secrets are collected in this quiet mountain lake? Be careful, there are historical footprints everywhere.