Changsha has jade on the land, beads on the water, Yuelu as a screen, the Xiangjiang River as a belt, water and land islands floating in the center of the river, Liuyang meandering around the suburbs,

Changsha has jade on the land, beads on the water, Yuelu as a screen, the Xiangjiang River as a belt, water and land islands floating in the center of the river, Liuyang meandering around the suburbs, lakes dotted, hills and mountains alternating, city outlines scattered in between, the style of a landscape city has been formed in the Tang Dynasty . Changsha has a documented history of more than 3,000 years, and the formation and construction of the ancient city of Changsha also has many characteristics. Changsha City itself is a great historical relic. The ancient and modern city sites overlap, the ancient and modern city centers overlap, and there are only a handful of cities in China that have continued from the Warring States Period to the present day. Ancient buildings such as Dingwang Terrace and Jia Yi's former residence in the Han Dynasty, gardens and temples in the Tang and Five Dynasties, academies in the Song Dynasty, palaces and city pavilions in the Ming Dynasty all have their own characteristics and styles. Although Changsha was devastated by the Great Fire, its unique ancient buildings, ancient gardens, ancient temples, ancient city sites, ancient streets, ancient post roads, and ancient rivers are still visible today. The Changsha Rice Market occupies an important position in the history of Changsha's trade. Its prototype can be traced back to the late Northern Song Dynasty. At that time, Tanzhou was able to build large ships carrying rice to and from the Xiangjiang River to transport rice. In the early Yongzheng years of the Qing Dynasty, thousands of ships transporting rice gathered on the Xiangjiang River, selling directly to Hankou, and then to Jiangsu and Zhejiang. It was very popular for a while. The Yisu River near Changsha has become a gathering place for hundreds of grains. Compared with granaries, rice bags are blocked in the road. The annual trade volume reaches more than 2 million tons. In 1726 (the fourth year of Yongzheng reign), the Qing government issued a notice to the vassals to open various tooth shops and provide trading venues, and the rice market was officially formed. There are 35 dental shops opened in Changsha market town, of which 24 are grain shops. The prosperity of Changsha's grain industry attracted Xiaomi City near Changsha to the provincial capital. At the same time, manual mills, cattle mills, and even machine mills appeared to process rice into rice for sale. By the time of Guangxu, the number of Tui Fang in Changsha had grown to 500, most of which were located along the river from Bixiang Street to Caochaomen, with Chaozong Street being the most numerous, hence the name Mi Street. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Changsha's grain industry began to differentiate into four natural industries: rice milling industry mainly for processing, grain warehouses mainly for grain storage, grain shops mainly for buying and selling on behalf of customers, and pure retail rice stores. In 1908, Zeng Guofan's son-in-law Nie Jigui opened the Xiefeng Grain Store in Changsha, which became famous. The prosperity of Changsha Rice Market is not only due to Changsha's special geographical and economic status, but also based on the relatively developed grain production in Hunan Province. At that time, the total grain output ranked third in the country, second only to Guangdong. and Sichuan. After the Wenxi fire in Changsha, the rice market declined. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, it gradually recovered. By 1947, there were more than 700 state-owned enterprises in Changsha's grain industry. Changsha’s climate is characterized by changeable spring temperatures, sunny summers and autumns, short severe cold periods, and long hot and summer periods. Changsha has many places of interest and revolutionary monuments, including Mawangdui Han Tomb, Yuelu Academy, Lushan Temple, Qingshui Pond, Chuanshan Academy, and the First Normal University. Scenic spots include Juzizhou, Aiwan Pavilion, etc. Changsha's commerce has been prosperous since ancient times, and its handicraft industry has developed. In the 30th year of Guangxu's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1904), Changsha was officially opened as a commercial port. During the Republic of China, Changsha's rice market and gold, money, silk, and paper industries were well-known throughout the country. Many commercial streets and famous time-honored brands appeared in Changsha City. It was known as the land of fish and rice, the land of fireworks, the home of Hunan embroidery, the home of pottery, and many other reputations. . Jiujiang, referred to as "Xun", is a prefecture-level city in Jiangxi Province. It was known as Xunyang, Chaisang, and Jiangzhou in ancient times. It is a famous cultural city in the south of the Yangtze River with a history of more than 2,200 years.

Jiujiang is located in the northern part of Jiangxi Province, at the junction of Jiangxi, Hubei, Anhui and Hunan provinces; at the intersection of the two major economic development belts of the Yangtze River and Beijing-Kowloon Railway, between 113°57'~116°53' east longitude , between 28°47' and 30°06' north latitude; the whole territory is 270 kilometers long from east to west and 140 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of ??18,823 square kilometers, accounting for 11.3% of the total area of ??Jiangxi Province.

Jiujiang is a central port city in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It is one of the first five cities along the Yangtze River to open to the outside world. It is also a transition zone for the development of the eastern coastal areas to the central and western regions. It is known as the "mouth of three rivers and the thoroughfare of seven provinces". ” and “the most famous place in the world”, it is known as the “Northern Gate of Jiangxi”.

Jiujiang is a provincial sub-central city in Jiangxi Province, one of the Changjiu integrated dual-core cities, and one of the planned cities for the development of urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Jiujiang is positioned as a new engine for the construction of the Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone. It is an advanced manufacturing base in the central region, a shipping hub and international gateway in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and a regional cooperation innovation demonstration zone in Jiangxi Province.

According to the 2014 Jiangxi Province New Urbanization Plan, Jiujiang Metropolitan Area is one of the three major urban areas that Jiangxi Province focuses on cultivating and developing. [1]

Jiujiang has historically been one of the "Four Rice Markets" and the "Three Major Tea Markets", and has been awarded "China's Excellent Tourism City, National Double Support Model City, National Gardening City, and National It has been awarded honorary titles such as Advanced City in Barrier-free Construction, China's Top Ten Charming Cities, China's Top Ten Livable Cities, China's Typical Landscape City, and "China's Best Leisure and Tourism City".

Jiujiang has beautiful mountains and clear waters, and pleasant scenery. It is known as "Xunyang County of Nine Schools, as clear as a painting". Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China, has two-thirds of its water area in Jiujiang, Lushan Mountain, a world cultural landscape heritage, Donglin Temple, the birthplace of the Pure Land Sect of Buddhism, and Qiandao Lake in Jiangxi. "The West Sea of ??Mount Lushan and the Longyuan Gorge of the "Jiuzhaigou Valley" in the central part are all located within its territory.

Jiujiang pillows Poyang Lake to the east, the Yangtze River to the north, the Mufu Mountains to the west, and Lushan Mountain to the south. It is the northern gate of Jiangxi. An ancient and beautiful city with a long history.

During the Xia and Shang dynasties, Jiujiang belonged to the cities of Jingzhou and Yangzhou. During the Spring and Autumn Period, it belonged to the eastern border of Wu and the western border of Chu. It was known as the head of Wu and the tail of Chu. After China, Jiujiang was set up as one of the 36 counties. It was said that there were nine factions from the river to Xunyang, so it was named Jiujiang, also known as Jiangzhou. Since the Qin Dynasty, Jiujiang, Chaisang, Jiangzhou, Xunyang, and Ru have been used. The seven names of Nan, Huanyu, and Dehua have been used since the Ming Dynasty. Ancient books say that Jiujiang is located at the mouth of the Three Rivers and is the thoroughfare of the four rivers. It is connected with seven provinces and has many merchants. It is also one of the four places in modern my country. Rice market and one of the three major tea markets. It is one of the ten ports on the golden waterway of the Yangtze River. It is located in the north of Jiangxi, close to the river and the lake, and has unique mountains and rivers.

The source of Jiujiang’s commercial rice is, first, local. Rice. Jiujiang and nearby counties are the alluvial plains formed by the Yangtze River, Poyang Lake and Xiuhe River and the hilly valleys of the Mufu Mountains. They have a mild climate and abundant rainfall. They have historically been a land of fish and rice. This is the main source of Jiujiang's rice market. Rice. Mainly rice from Anhui and Hubei provinces adjacent to Jiujiang City. This traditional distribution channel continues to this day, ranging from Hankou to Shanghai and Shaoxing and Jinhua in Zhejiang. Among them, Shanghai and Hankou have the largest sales volume. Nanchang, the provincial capital, is the first-level rice distribution center in the province, and is distributed to various places in Shanghai and Han Dynasty from Jiujiang. Therefore, Nanchang is the main supplier of Jiujiang rice market and the rice processing base. Businessmen from outside the province often come to Jiujiang to negotiate business and go through the export procedures of rice at Jiujiang Customs until it is shipped out of the country. The three transshipment points of Jiujiang Rice Market in northern Jiangxi are Hukou, Tujiabu and Wucheng. The towns are close to rivers and lakes, and water transportation is very convenient. Hukou played a big role in Jiujiang's development as a rice market. Tujiabu is located at the intersection of Xiushui and Nanxun Railways. It is a key grain area in northern Jiangxi, with grain coming in and out every year. Tens of thousands of kilograms. The grain flows, part of it goes to Jiujiang via Nanxun route, and part of it goes to Xiushui to Wucheng and exports to Wuhan, Shanghai, Nanjing and other places.

Jiujiang rice. In the city's heyday, there were about 130 grain stores and rice stores, which could be divided into three gangs: the first was the Guangdong gang, the second was the Nanchang gang, and the third was the local gang. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, with the development of the country's economic construction and the changes in the circulation system, The Jiujiang rice market has gone through three major evolution processes: 1. The rice market first emerged. From the early days of liberation to 1953, the government implemented a grain free trade policy under the leadership of state-owned commerce. 2. The rice market is closed. From the end of 1953 to 1983, our country began planned economic construction, but the unified purchase and marketing policy of grain that had been implemented for more than 30 years has not changed. 3. Rice market revival period. From the end of 1984 to the beginning of 1985, the Jiujiang Rice Market was restored, and its market organization structure underwent fundamental changes. The original exclusive monopoly and the release of water from one river have transformed into a situation where various economies, channels, and forms coexist with each other. Jiujiang belongs to the transition zone from the mid-subtropical zone to the subtropical zone. It is a famous city in the south of the Yangtze River with a history of more than 2,200 years. It is the political, economic, cultural, tourism and transportation center of northern Jiangxi and has a particularly important strategic position. It was a foreign trade port more than 130 years ago. In 1992, it was approved by the State Council as an open city along the Yangtze River.

Jiujiang tourist attractions are divided into six districts, two points and one line, with a total of more than 300 places. Its elegant taste, rich connotation, complete categories and high density are truly unique in China and rare in the world. Six major scenic spots: Lushan Guling Scenic Area, Lushan Shannan Scenic Area, Lushan Shanxi Scenic Area, Yongxiu County Scenic Area, Xunyang Scenic Area, *** Qingcheng Scenic Area; two points: Shizhong Mountain in Hukou County and Longgong Cave in Pengze County; first line: The upper reaches of the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake. Jiujiang is the transition zone between the development of the eastern coastal areas and the advancement of the central and western regions, and is in an extremely important position. Judging from the development of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang is the only foreign trade port city with access to the river and the sea. It is the northern gate connecting the province with the Yangtze River Development Belt and the Coastal Open Zone. Wuhu is located in the southeast of Anhui Province. Its central geographical coordinates are 119 degrees 21 minutes east longitude and 31 degrees 20 minutes north latitude. The city covers an area of ??5988 square kilometers and has a population of 3.84 million, of which 1.28 million are in the urban area. Wuhu has a long history. In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was the Jiuyi Town of the Wu State. It was named as a county in 109 BC and has a history of more than 2,000 years. Historically, Wuhu's agriculture, handicrafts, and commerce were quite developed. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, there were rows of towers and thousands of houses with fireworks. After the Southern Song Dynasty, especially in the Yuan Dynasty, Wuhu has become a quite prosperous town. Starting from the Ming Dynasty, it gradually became an important commercial port in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Handicrafts such as pulp and dyeing have become famous far and wide. In "Tiangong Kaiwu" written by Song Yingxing of the Ming Dynasty, there is a saying that weaving was in Songjiang (Shanghai) and pulp and dyeing was in Wuhu, forming a large pulp and dyeing factory known as Wuhu Giant Store. In recent years, stone tools, bone tools and various types of mammal fossils made by ancient humans have been discovered in Renzi Cave in Wuhu. They are dated to between 2 million and 2.5 million years ago, tracing back the history of human activities in Asia for four years. Half a million years. The Dagongshan ancient copper mine site within the territory was China's largest copper production base during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Han and Tang Dynasties. In 1996, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council.

In 1876, the Yantai Treaty signed between China and Britain established four cities including Wuhu and Wenzhou in Zhejiang as treaty ports. The signing of this unequal treaty had a huge impact on Wuhu’s national economy and caused distortions. At the same time of development, Wuhu has also opened its door to the outside world. In 1918, Wuhu Customs' import and export value reached 3.5% of the country's foreign trade that year, making it one of the major trade ports on the Yangtze River. The Wushen Canal, which starts and ends in Wuhu and Shanghai, closely connects the economy and culture of Wuhu with Su, Xi, Ning, and Hangzhou. After Wuhu opened its treaty port, a large number of foreign firms and companies entered Wuhu. At the same time, the spread of advanced science and technology also stimulated the development of Wuhu's modern industry. The earliest batch of national industries in Anhui Province were established in Wuhu. In 1883, a wired telegraph line was set up in Wuhu, making it the first city in the province to use telegraph. In 1897, the Yixin (machine grinding) Rice and Noodle Company was put into operation, ranking first among similar factories in the country at that time. In the 1930s, civil aviation was launched to fly to Shanghai. and Wuhan. After entering the 20th century, Wuhu's industry and commerce has developed to more than 100 types and five to six thousand businesses, becoming the birthplace of Anhui's modern industry and one of the economic centers in the Yangtze River Basin. Due to its superior location and prosperous business, it was historically known as the backbone of Anhui Province and a giant port on the Yangtze River. Wuhu is known as the first of the four major rice markets in the country, and the starting point and birthplace of the rice market is today's Yijiang District. Yijiang District is commonly known as Henan because it is located on the south bank where the Qingyi River flows into the Yangtze River. The coast is densely populated and market trade is quite prosperous. Huining Chi Taiguang Road, which governs the southern Anhui area, is also located here. "Monument to the Rebuilding Club of Jiangguang Rice Shop" in Wuhu in 1948: In the eighth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, Li Wenzhonggong (Li Hongzhang's posthumous name Wenzhong) asked the general to move the grain market from Qihaokou in Zhenjiang to this place. It is true that Li Hongzhang supported the rice market, but the specific operator was Zhang Qiaoye (Zhang Yinhuan). During the Tongzhi period, he got acquainted with Li Hanzhang (Hongzhang's brother), the governor of Guangdong. In the eighth year of Guangxu (1882), Li Hanzhang was appointed governor of Huguang, Li Hongzhang was appointed governor of Zhili and minister of Beiyang, and Zhang Yinhuan was appointed Wuhu Pass. Li Hanzhang encouraged Zhang Yinhuan to come forward, and under the banner of prospering the Wuhu commercial port, he offered suggestions to Li Hongzhang and relied on the power of the court to move Zhenjiang Rice Market to Wuhu. Li Hongzhang advocated that the best policy would be to allow rice merchants to relocate themselves. As a result of the discussion, specific preferential measures were decided to make rice merchants profitable, and they would naturally compete for profits.

Zhang Yinhuan personally went to Zhenjiang and used the friendship between his fellow villagers to build relationships. He promised the Guangchao Rice Gang that Wuhu Customs would issue a rice franchise license and have a patent agent in Wu; the rice packaging fee would be paid by the seller; That is to say, the transportation from Wuyun to Shanghai is still calculated according to the resources of Zhenjiang and Shanghai transportation. Sure enough, Guangchao rice gangs came to Wu to invest and open rice accounts. More than 20 gang members from Ning and Yan gangs followed. The four major rice gangs are the pillars that have promoted the rise of a rice market with mountains of heaps and rivers of sales.

Li Jingfang, son of Li Hongzhang, immediately seized this great opportunity and opened Yuande Yu Rice Furnace Factory on Yanhe Road; he also built Hengfeng Granary at Fumin Bridge (now Zhongshan Bridge) in Henan Province, which could store 20,000 to 30,000 dans. Rent rice. Li Zhonghao, the son of Li Hanzhang, opened Dingyu Pawn Shop and Baoshan Changqian Bank. He set up branches in Shanghai, Hankou and Guangzhou, and almost took over the business of rice merchants' loans, exchange and Cantonese bills. Li Zhonghao is also the general office of Wuhu Investment Promotion Bureau. Large quantities of rice grains were exported through its ships, and it also had a monopoly on water transportation. In the Wanjiang area of ????Baibaili, especially in the Jiangbei area, the Li family owns tens of thousands of acres of farmland. It is a matter of course that the rented rice is converted into commercial grain. In short, the rice market brought business opportunities and huge profits to the Li family, and also stimulated the prosperity of related industries. The grand rice market spread along both sides of the Yangtze River, and the rice market in the south of the city was especially prosperous. The county annals said: From Nanguan to the floating bridge, the rice market is called Nanshi. From the south entrance of Fumin Bridge to the east of Wuguan Supervision Office, there are many grain warehouses and Daotai government warehouses, forming a street, from which the name Kuzi Street comes. The address is on Laiyuanpu South Street, leading to Guan Street and then to Yangming Academy. There is also a Rice Industry Office in Hengjie, North Bank of Jiangkou, which is a rice business organization with the four major rice gangs as the backbone. Zhang Yinhuan sat in charge of the Henan Customs and Roads Department, took effective public relations measures, formulated and implemented preferential policies for attracting investment, and launched the Wuhu Rice Market, which was beneficial to the development of the local economy and played an indispensable role.

Modern Wuhu Rice Market was established with the approval of the Anhui Provincial People's Government on January 10, 1994, and implemented a general manager responsibility system under the leadership of the board of directors. Wuhu Rice Market is located in the Jinwan Rice Market Building on Jiuhua North Road, Wuhu City. It is adjacent to the Wuhu Yangtze River Bridge to the west and Wuhu Airport to the east. There is a special terminal for 5,000 tons of grain in the area. The transportation is convenient. It covers an area of ??2.1 hectares and a construction area of ??1.6 square meters. It serves 5 million tons of grain annually.

Wuhu is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and has a subtropical humid monsoon climate, with a mild climate, abundant rainfall, and four distinct seasons. The natural environment is surrounded by mountains and rivers, with pleasant scenery and dotted with cultural landscapes. As early as the Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty, Emperor Yuan of Liang (Xiao Yi) wrote the poem "Pan Wuhu", praising the landscape of Wuhu. Poets such as Li Bai, Wen Tingyun, and Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty, and writers such as Mei Yaochen, Wang Anshi, and Shen Kuo of the Song Dynasty all have handed down works praising Wuhu. The traditional eight scenic spots in Wuhu have been formed in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. In recent years, Wuhu people have carried on the past and opened up the future, and created ten new Wuhu sceneries. At the beginning of the new century, Wuhu's economic construction has entered the fast lane, with automobiles and auto parts, new building materials, electronic appliances, etc. all showing a booming trend. Bounded by the Qingyi River within the territory, there is an Economic and Technological Development Zone in the north, where many well-known large companies are gathered. In the southern part there is the Wuhu High-tech Industrial Development Zone, where the construction of key projects focusing on culture, education, and science and technology has been advanced in all directions. Between the two large areas in the south and north, there is a commercial area radiating with Jiuzi Square and Zhongshan Road Pedestrian Street as its axis. There are many shops and unlimited business opportunities. Wuhu people's ideas keep pace with the times, and an export-oriented, multi-functional and modern city will surely shine on the banks of the Yangtze River in China. In the 1980s, Wuhu Rice Market reopened. The British media also reported accordingly at the time. Britain once threatened the late Qing government to classify parts of Wuhu as its colony. Today, the British Consulate in Wuhu at that time is still very intact on the top of Fanluo Mountain in Wuhu. The British also once ruled the Wuhu Customs, the first foreign trade customs office in Anhui in modern times. Now the Wuhu Riverside Project has renovated the modern Wuhu Customs Building located at the original Wuhu Pier 8, and will build a colonial museum to serve as a warning to future generations.