Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Hotel accommodation - Zhang Guowei References 2

Zhang Guowei References 2

Zhang Guowei: Ride one horse and control water.

2007107 Shenzhen Business Daily

First, repair the infatuated person in Zhang Guowei's former residence

Dongyang, Zhejiang is a big county with simple culture and prosperous education. There are many celebrities in history, including 305 scholars, five of whom were prime ministers. There is a famous family in this county called Lujia, and one family has 12 Jinshi. But among the historical celebrities in Dongyang, Zhang Guowei, the minister of the Ministry of War in the late Ming Dynasty, is the most admired by later generations.

Not long ago, reporters came to Dongyang City and felt the existence and influence of Zhang Guowei everywhere. His political morality and national spirit can be said to be with the land and people of Dongyang. When getting off at Dongyang Bus Station, the reporter rented a tricycle and asked about the address of Zhang Guowei's former residence. The driver blurted out, "No one in Dongyang doesn't know Zhang Guowei. He is a good official who works for the people. Zhang Guowei's former residence is in Zhangfuqian Lane. " When I arrived at Zhangfu Qianxiang, I realized that Qianxiang was not a narrow alley, but a wide four-lane street. Among the rows of high-rise buildings, the Heqing official residence wrapped in black tiles and red columns is particularly eye-catching. This building is the former residence of Zhang Guowei.

Zhang Guowei's former residence used to be a huge mansion, but now only the main body of the former residence-"Jiurutang" and its affiliated wing are left, which initially shows the style of the Ming Dynasty mansion. The reporter saw that the five characters "Former Residence of Zhang Guowei" were inscribed by the late famous calligrapher Zhao Puchu, and the three characters "Jiurutang" were inscribed by Mr. Wang Tiwu, a famous journalist from Taiwan Province Province. The famous Mo Bao added luster to the old house. There are also many buildings in the former residence, such as Jingzhongtang, the back room and another temple, Bairentang and Zhangancestral hall, which have not been repaired.

Zhang Xinqi, deputy director and office director of Zhang Guowei's former residence management committee, is the 20th generation grandson of Zhang Guowei, who is 72 years old. He told reporters that it is extremely difficult to repair Zhang Guowei's former residence. The old house was almost sold to a private person and became a private residence of a resident. That was 1992. Zhang Guowei's former residence became a dangerous building, and Zhang Xinqi had just retired from the post of deputy director of Dongyang Tea Factory. The government has reformed the state-owned assets and intends to sell this dangerous house to private individuals. When Zhang Xinqi learned the news, he was very worried. If once sold to a private person, the property right becomes private, and any new owner can build a luxury residence on the original site of Zhang Guowei's former residence, then the former residence of Zhang Guowei, which has important historical significance and cultural relics value, will no longer exist, and Dongyang will lose a historical landscape. Zhang Guowei's patriotism and national heroism will be greatly reduced by the disappearance of Zhang Guowei's former residence. Zhang Xinqi, who has a sense of social responsibility, doesn't agree to sell his ancestral property and run around. He wants to collect idle social funds to repair Zhang Guowei's former residence, so that Zhang Guowei's patriotism and diligence and love for the people can be carried forward and shine on the world. He wanted Dongyang people to remember Zhang Guowei from generation to generation, and to make Zhang Guowei's former residence not only a cultural and historical landscape of Yoichi Higashi, but also a patriotic education base. With the joint efforts of him and other people of insight, Zhang Guowei's former residence was not sold, but with the support of the government, the desire to restore Zhang Guowei's former residence became a reality.

Zhang Xinqi is an infatuated person who restored Zhang Guowei's former residence and promoted Zhang Guowei culture, and a supporter who vigorously safeguarded the excellent ancient cultural heritage. He is the actual manager of Zhang Guowei's former residence. He worked for Zhang Guowei's former residence for 15 years, and did not receive any remuneration or subsidies from Zhang Guowei's former residence.

Second, a ride Agger water conservancy governor

Zhang Guowei was an important political figure on the political stage in the late Ming Dynasty. He is an outstanding water conservancy expert, an anti-Qing leader in eastern Zhejiang, and a national hero admired by later generations. His life was full of suffering, and he died tragically and violently. Like other scholars, his ideal is to be an official and make contributions to the country. Tomorrow, in the new year (162 1), I will take the exam in Zhejiang Province, ranking seventh in the province. In the second year, I went to Beijing to take the exam, and I was a scholar of Ershier. After Jinshi, he returned to his hometown and met Xu Honggang, a former minister of Nanjing Ministry of War who was an official in his hometown. Xu Honggang didn't come out from morning till noon, and Zhang Guowei waited patiently. Until the evening, Xu Hong just came out to meet him. As soon as they met, they said, "I've been watching you for a long time. Some people say that you will be impatient if you wait for a long time, but in fact you are not impatient; People who don't eat at noon will be tired, but you are not tired. People who are not impatient can endure hardships, and people who are not tired can do things. You will be national talents in the future. "

In the seventh year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1634), the Ming Dynasty was tottering, and peasant rebels from Li Zicheng and Zhang were all over the world, and the Manchu army in the northeast was eyeing up, posing a great threat to the Ming Dynasty. In order to stabilize the rear area with Nanjing as the center and ensure smooth grain transportation and military supplies, Emperor Chongzhen appointed Zhang Guowei as the right suggestion and governor of ten counties. These ten states are Nanjing, Huizhou, Ningguo, Chizhou, Taiping, Anqing, Suzhou, Songjiang, Changzhou, Zhenjiang and Guangde. They were the richest areas in the Ming Dynasty, the land of Longxing in the Ming Dynasty, and the main suppliers of military materials and soldiers in the Ming Dynasty. Zhang Guowei was ordered to live in Suzhou.

When Zhang Guowei arrived in Suzhou, he realized that "only Wu Zeguo, the people take the field as their life, and the field takes water as their life, which is not good for water and harmful." He is tireless, hands-on and concerned about water conservancy construction. He patrolled the farmland, without being accompanied by local officials, without the etiquette of crowding round, but riding alone. He patrolled the river, but no one made a sound. It was a "single ge tour" to go up the river and draw a water map. Zhang Guowei often rode around the fields in the early morning until noon. Since Zhang Guowei, there has never been such a governor riding alone in Suzhou. This spirit has a particularly strong response in the local area. People think that officials should be like Zhang Guowei when they go to the countryside. They don't have to give advance notice, stand and say hello, and you don't have to chase me. Riding Agger is enough.

Zhang Guowei served as the governor of ten counties for six years, which was a six-year period of Daxing water conservancy, a bumper harvest of agriculture and a relatively stable life for the people in the south of the Yangtze River. At that time, the general situation of North China and Northwest China was eroded, and Jiangnan was relatively calm, which was closely related to Zhang Guowei's excellent work. Zhang Dai, a famous writer in Ming Dynasty, once talked about Zhang Guowei's political achievements. At that time, there was a drought in Shandong and the people were poor. Rice rose to 8 taels of silver, while Suzhou had bumper harvests year after year, and rice was only 3.5 taels of silver. Zhang Guowei is anxious about the urgency of the country and takes it as his duty to save the hungry people. He transported Suzhou rice to Jining, Shandong Province through the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and the freight was only 4 taels of silver per load, which effectively suppressed the price. He opened a porridge factory in Shandong and saved millions of people. Zhang Guowei is also an expert in water conservancy and transportation. He wrote and printed the 700,000-word Wuzhong Water Conservancy Encyclopedia, which is the largest water conservancy masterpiece in ancient China. A governor of ten counties can write a masterpiece about water conservancy, which is extremely rare among officials in the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, Suzhou people respect Zhang Guowei very much and built a shrine for him. They go to worship every year. Zhang Guowei was once the magistrate of Panyu County, Guangdong Province, and people in Panyu and Suzhou also built shrines for him (Nanshe, a famous social organization in modern history of China, chose Zhang Guowei Temple in Huqiu, Suzhou for its first elegant collection, which is meaningful). Up to now, there is still a portrait of him in Canglang Pavilion in Suzhou, with the inscription: "Rich Sui and Ten Counties, generous and broad, dredging water conservancy, Zebei and Southeast."

Third, the tragic martyrdom saved Dongyang from the massacre.

Zhang Guowei's outstanding achievements were appreciated by Emperor Chongzhen. In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, he served as the minister of war and left Beijing to recruit soldiers in Jiangnan. 14 days later, he arrived in Suzhou, and news came from Beijing that Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, Emperor Chongzhen committed suicide by throwing himself into the river, and then the Qing army occupied Beijing, and the Ming Dynasty became the Qing Dynasty. When the country perished, Zhang Guowei did not surrender, but resisted the Qing army. In the first year of Hong Guang in the Ming Dynasty (1645), Nanjing fell, and Zhang Guowei asked Zhu Yihai, the 14th grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, to supervise the country in Shaoxing. He stayed on the south bank of Qiantang River for a year. At this time, Zhang Guowei thought of Robin, a native of Yiwu, hoping that someone could send out "Please Martial Class 10" that shocked the world like Robin, arousing people's yearning and passion for the Ming Dynasty and reviving it. By May 1646, Zhang Guowei had retreated to Dongyang, where he made a final resistance. In June of this year, the frontier peak of the Qing army reached Kengling. Zhang Guowei knew that the tide was over and there was no hope of saving the country. He was determined to die for his country. He died heroically. 1646 One midsummer day, he summoned the magistrate of Wuxian County in Dongyang and said to him, "As a minister of the Ming Dynasty, Guo Wei died for his country today, but the weather was very hot. If the corpse decays beyond recognition, it means that my troops will flee to other places, which will inevitably bring disaster to Dongyang. Therefore, I invite you to watch me die. " Hearing this, Wu hid his face and wept bitterly, unable to bear to witness the tragic death.

Zhang Guowei calmly arranged the funeral, took a white silk, and wrote three poems on it, one is "Negative Country", the other is "Remembering Mother" and the other is "Order", and then wrote an inscription at the end of the silk: "Zhang Guowei, the legacy of Daming". He said to his servant, "I died in the king's business. This is a ceremony." There are still many soldiers and horses who went to the national disaster because of me. After I die, there is nothing to repay. I can carry my body to the gate and write the following sentence:' There is no reward in this life.' "

He said to his servant, "don't tell your wife that I'm dead, just say that I've fled far away." After I die, I will sit my body in nave until the Qing soldiers see my body. " Then he dressed up the official uniforms of the Ming Dynasty and calmly threw them into the reservoir in the yamen. His family rushed to the rescue, and Zhang Guowei died. The family moved a little and sat in the plush chair in the main hall. Soon, the Qing army arrived and saw Zhang Guowei sitting in the hall, looking as if he were still alive, some kowtowing and some crying.

Why did the Qing army bow to Zhang Guowei? It turned out that most of the cavalry of the Qing army were from Jining, Shandong. That year, Zhang Guowei survived by eating porridge in Jining. After seeing the rescuer, his conscience found that he knelt down and prayed. Zhang Guowei was thanked by cavalry in Jining of the Qing army, while Dongyang was not massacred like Yangzhou, Jiading and Jinhua. Zhang Guowei had three sons. The eldest son, Zhang Shifeng, was captured by the Qing Dynasty and died by the Qiantang River. Another son died of illness, leaving only his youngest son, Zhang, who was detained in the Qing prison. Zhang Cunren, the governor of Zhejiang province of the Qing army, admired his integrity and could not bear to break the incense and let Zhang go. Forty-one years after Qing Qianlong (1772), Qianlong respected Zhang Guowei's integrity and named posthumous title "Zhong Min". "Loyalty" means doing one's best until one dies, and "sensitivity" means being brave, from ruin.