A preliminary study on the design model of serviced apartments?

In recent years, an emerging hotel business model, serviced apartments, has gradually emerged in my country and developed rapidly. However, the corresponding architectural design theory and practice have not formed a mature system. This article analyzes the hotel-style apartment projects that have been completed in China in recent years, and summarizes some of the most common model languages ????in the architectural design of hotel-style apartments for architects to refer to in the design.

1 Introduction

In the late 1990s, an emerging hotel business model - serviced apartments gradually emerged in our country. With the continuous and rapid development of my country's economy, serviced apartments have gradually been recognized by specific consumer groups because of their targeted market positioning and personalized services. In just a dozen years since their emergence, serviced apartments have become popular in Beijing, Large and medium-sized cities such as Shanghai and Shenzhen have begun to take shape and maintain a good momentum of development. As an emerging hotel business model, the design of serviced apartments should also echo its unique business philosophy and highlight its characteristics. From the designs of some serviced apartments that have developed more maturely in recent years, we can find some unique features *Personal pattern language.

2 Overview

2.1 Concept and Origin

In essence, serviced apartments are divided and sold property rights of the hotel, and the buyer rents the property to A hotel management company obtains a fixed investment return by sharing its operating profits as a hotel derivative. Buyers can not only enjoy the hotel's star-rated services after paying property management fees, but also obtain investment returns through leasing, property rights transfer, etc. Serviced apartments adopt star hotel-style services and apartment-style management. In addition to providing various services of traditional hotels, they also provide customers with family-style living layout and home-style services, so that guests can enjoy hotel services while also experiencing Feeling at home. It integrates multiple functions such as residences, hotels, clubs, etc., and is a highly comprehensive property management concept.

Serviced apartments first originated in Europe. They were properties rented to tourists in tourist areas for temporary rest. Although these guests only come for a short rest and stay, the property management also provides them with unified door-to-door management, so it has the nature of a hotel and is equivalent to a personal "temporary home", thus forming the prototype of a serviced apartment. This business model quickly became popular in Europe and was well received by consumers. Today, serviced apartments can be found all over the world. my country's serviced apartments first appeared in Shenzhen, and later developed in Shanghai, Beijing and other places. Now they have spread to major and medium-sized cities and resorts across the country.

2.2 Theme and Features

According to different locations, serviced apartments can be divided into two types: urban type and tourist resort type. The former is mainly concentrated in provincial capital cities, large and medium-sized cities, economically developed cities and regions, and the consumer groups are mainly business people, senior white-collar workers, multinational company executives and other classes; the latter is mainly concentrated in tourist cities, resorts and coastal cities, with consumption The group is mainly tourists, vacationers and leisure people. In the design of serviced apartments, architects must carry out targeted designs according to their different types and characteristics, and grasp the specific requirements of different types of hotels for building functions and image.

2.3 Overall planning

The overall planning of serviced apartments is closely related to the site selection and the positioning of the hotel. According to the previous classification, the construction of urban and tourist resort serviced apartments Master plans have their own basic principles to follow.

Since most of the service targets are busy business people, urban serviced apartments should be located close to the city center or CBD business district and other urban core areas in order to provide customers with a convenient office environment. The main buildings should be mainly high-rise and super-high-rise buildings to improve land use efficiency in the city center and also form a landmark building in the area. The base area should be fully utilized to set up commercial facilities such as outlets and podiums that match the apartments. The layout of the commercial space should take into account the use of people inside and outside the apartment, strengthening the openness of the commercial space to the city, thereby enhancing its commercial value.

Due to the limited land area, the greening layout should make full use of the gap between the building and the base, arrange it compactly, and fully set up three-dimensional greening and roof greening to increase the greening area of ??the base. Urban serviced apartments have a large demand for parking spaces, so underground parking should be the main method, and the underground part of high-rise towers should be used as parking lots. Beijing Yintai Center is a representative of this type of hotel. It is located in the core area of ??Beijing's central business district, covering an area of ??approximately 30,000 m2 and with a total construction area of ??350,000 m2. The main building consists of two 42-story office buildings and a 63-story serviced apartment. The podium is equipped with complete commercial supporting space. The garage is located on the third and fourth floors underground and can accommodate 1,600 parking spaces. The central main building is 249.9m high and is the tallest building along Chang'an Avenue. It has become the highest point and landmark building of Chang'an Avenue.

Resort serviced apartments are generally located in tourist areas with beautiful scenery and comfortable environment. Since the consumer groups it targets come for the purpose of leisure, entertainment and relaxation, the overall planning of these hotels should focus on creating a comfortable and beautiful indoor and outdoor environment. The building density should not be too high and should be multi-story and small high-rise buildings. The overall plan should strive for as much green area as possible to create conditions for creating a beautiful outdoor environment. The building layout should fully consider bringing the high-quality landscape surrounding the site into the interior. For theme hotels such as hot springs and sea views, the planning and design should be centered around their themes, closely integrated with the local environment, and highlighted with hotel features. Take Hainan Platinum Coast Serviced Apartments as an example. It is located along the coast of Gaolong Bay in Hainan. There is a large coconut grove to the east and Tongguling Scenic Area to the northeast. It has a beautiful natural environment. The hotel covers an area of ??approximately 290,000 m2, with a construction area of ??300,000 m2, a floor area ratio of 1.05, and a greening rate of over 50. The building group is planned to be arranged around sea views, coconut groves and maritime mangroves, bringing the natural landscape indoors. In addition, there are also special supporting facilities such as a diving club, cruise ship terminal, sea view hot spring, hang gliding club, and hot spring entrance, allowing guests to fully enjoy the fun of vacation, leisure, and health preservation.

2.4 Architectural Design

The unit types of serviced apartments range from tens to hundreds of square meters, generally small and medium-sized units of about 40m2 to 120m2. House design should fully reflect the diversity and flexibility of its functions. The layout of the house should be compact and flexible, making full use of indoor space layout functions, reducing the number of indoor passive spaces, and reducing the allocation of public area. The bedroom suite design can be flexibly divided to suit residents of different levels and living habits. Take the Haiyue International Serviced Apartment in Weihai as an example. Its main unit is only over 50 square meters, but it includes multiple functions such as bedrooms, living rooms, kitchens, bathrooms, and balconies. The bedrooms and living rooms are arranged in one large space. The kitchen is designed to be open in combination with the entrance space, and the air-conditioning unit has a fixed position on the balcony. The layout of the entire apartment is compact and flexible, and the space does not feel cramped.

In terms of property management, serviced apartment properties not only include the service functions and management models of traditional hotels, but also have a complete office environment. At the same time, they provide residents with a family housing layout and home-style services, such as Banks, clubs, bars, convenience stores, gyms, and business services such as secretarial, business center, information consulting, and translation have more and more complete supporting functions for life and office than traditional hotels. Therefore, in the design of podiums and commercial buildings, in addition to the functional rooms of traditional hotels, full consideration should be given to adding space for corresponding service functions.

In terms of architectural image, serviced apartments located in the city center should fully reflect their core position in leading the area. The architectural image should be iconic and reflect the sense of the times and the spirit of the city; those located in tourist resorts Serviced apartments should give full play to the expressive power of the natural landscape and aim to create a beautiful natural environment. The architectural image should be harmonious with the natural landscape.

2.5 Interior Design

The rooms in serviced apartments can be divided into residential apartments and business apartments according to different uses. Residential apartments are mostly finely decorated, and the indoor space functions are relatively complete. They generally have separate kitchens, bathrooms, balconies, etc., and provide a full set of home design and electrical appliances.

The design is generally based on modern style, integrating fashion and pragmatism. There are different styles of designs for different apartment types to meet the individual needs of users. Functional division emphasizes practicality and flexibility, such as setting up open kitchens, movable partitions, etc.

The main purpose of commercial apartments is business offices, and they can also be used as residences. This kind of apartment does not have a separate kitchen or balcony, and the interior is mainly large space, allowing users to flexibly divide the office space. The interior decoration of the apartment is mainly rough decoration, which can be used directly after the user moves in, or the interior can be refined.

The interior decoration of resort hotels focuses on pastoral and natural styles, introducing sea views, hot springs, etc. into the interior. The decoration materials are more natural materials such as wood, stone, and bamboo, giving people a feeling of being close to nature.

3 Conclusion

Judging from the situation in developed countries, serviced apartments will become a stable property type after developing to a certain stage, and they have just entered the development stage in our country. For this emerging hotel model, architects should keep up with the changes of the times and design architectural forms that meet its functional and aesthetic requirements. The above is the current development status of serviced apartments at this stage. As serviced apartments continue to become more popular in our country, higher requirements will be placed on architectural design in terms of building functions and image features. Architects should keep up with these changes. Create rich, moving spaces. In addition, how to combine this imported product with the traditional spirit of Chinese architecture to create an architectural space rich in regional cultural characteristics is also a question that architects will continue to think about in the future.

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