Information on resource waste and environmental pollution

The main sources of environmental pollution include the following five aspects:

1] Waste smoke, waste gas, waste water, waste residue and noise emitted from factories and workshops;

2] People Smoke, gas, noise, dirty water and garbage emitted from daily life;

3〕Exhaust gas and noise emitted by means of transportation (all fuel vehicles, ships, airplanes, etc.);

4〕 Water flowing out of farmland where chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other chemicals are used extensively;

5] Mine wastewater and waste residue. In terms of fuel: there are too many private cars, and the number of passengers in each vehicle is higher than the fuel. It seems too luxurious in terms of consumption. Car consumption pursues luxury and large displacement, and society generally does not focus on the construction of public transportation. As a result, fuel consumption is serious, resulting in low-tech and high-waste consumption methods in our country. The most fundamental problem with oil consumption is that the western region of my country is rich in oil, but the oil refining technology is low and no nationwide oil supply pipeline has been established. Not only is it difficult to become competitive in the international market, but it is also unable to supply its own needs. Increased dependence on imports. Therefore, to solve the problem of energy industrialization and sustainable development, the technical content of the petroleum processing industry must be improved.

Coal: Many coal-using enterprises have extensive and wasteful production methods. Serious. The current national coal mine resource recovery rate is only about 40%, especially the recovery rate of small coal mines is only 15%. From 1980 to 2000, the national coal mine resources were wasted 28 billion tons, and by 2020, the country will be. 56 billion tons of coal resources are wasted.

In terms of electricity: In the morning when indoor visibility is good, several large chandeliers are turned on without scruples; the air-conditioning is turned on in the shopping mall, but the doors are also wide open, and the air-conditioning They can run tens of meters away; the lighting project of the image project is kept on all night; TVs, VCDs, air conditioners and other household appliances are still in standby mode after they are turned off. Most families never unplug household appliances that are not used during the day. ; In daily work, it is very common to turn off the computer host and not turn off the monitor or printer power switch after work. If all office computers in the country were "turned off" after get off work, more than 1.2 billion kilowatt hours of electricity would be wasted every year... This kind of waste makes people from developed countries, especially Nordic countries, feel extremely puzzled, accusing us of "extravagant use of energy".

Judging from the growth rate of China's power generation, China's power supply is in short supply. The reason is largely not due to insufficient supply, but to the extensive and wasteful use of electricity. The electricity consumption per ton of steel by most Chinese steel companies is much higher than that of their counterparts in the United States and Japan. Even hydropower plants and thermal power plants. Power supply units also waste a lot of electricity. Among them, 10% of the electricity in hydropower plants is consumed internally by the power plants.

In terms of land: random enclosures are planned for development zones, industrial parks, etc. However, a large amount of planned land is idle. The floors are generally too low, and the already scarce land resources are not used rationally. The arable land and natural landscape land are rapidly reduced, resulting in a large amount of waste of land resources.

In terms of construction: housing consumption pursues large areas and high standards, unreasonable floor and interior design, too large and luxurious living area for each household, poor energy efficiency of building materials, etc., every additional building There will be more waste of land, water, electricity and other resources. Some urban construction projects are greedy for foreign projects. In particular, the utilization rate of many image projects in various parts of China is low and the idle period is too long, resulting in waste of land, construction costs and other aspects.

In terms of ecological resources: It takes 50 years for a tree to grow into a tree, but it only takes a few minutes to cut it down. According to statistics, China's disposable chopsticks waste an astonishing amount of wood every year, reaching 1.66 million cubic meters.

Some activities are about ostentation, eating and drinking. There is countless waste in food, fish, meat, vegetables, fruits, wine, beverages, etc. leftover from hotels and canteens.

In terms of water resources: Every household uses water lavishly, and the waste of water resources is very serious. At present, the national underground freshwater natural resources have averaged more than 880 billion cubic meters for many years, accounting for about 1/3 of the country's total water resources.

More than 70 million people across the country are still drinking groundwater that does not meet drinking standards. Over the past 20 years, groundwater extraction across the country has increased at an average rate of 2.5 billion cubic meters per year. The proportion of groundwater in the total water supply has increased from 14.0% in 1980 to 19.8% in 2000. More than 400 cities across the country exploit and utilize groundwater, which accounts for 30% of the total urban water consumption. Unreasonable exploitation of groundwater has caused many environmental problems: about half of the cities in the country have serious groundwater pollution and declining water quality. It has also shown a trend of expanding from point to area and from cities to rural areas; it has induced land subsidence in 46 cities. , seawater intrusion, etc., more than 100 regional groundwater funnels have been formed across the country, covering an area of ??150,000 square kilometers.

Waste utilization: Since there is no resource recovery mechanism for waste utilization, a lot of waste has been caused. According to statistics, there are 5 million tons of scrap steel, more than 200,000 tons of scrap non-ferrous metals, 14 million tons of waste paper and a large amount of waste plastics, waste glass, etc. that are not recycled nationwide every year. According to experts, recycling 1 ton of waste paper can produce 0.8 tons of good paper, which can save 17 trees and save 3 cubic meters of landfill space. It can also save more than half of the energy used in papermaking and reduce water pollution by 35%. . If the 14 million tons of waste paper nationwide each year could be recycled, 11.2 million tons of good paper could be produced, 238 million trees would be saved, and 42 million cubic meters of landfill space would be saved. If the country's 5 million tons of scrap steel, more than 200,000 tons of scrap non-ferrous metals and a large amount of waste plastics, waste glass, etc. could be recycled every year, how much resources would be saved and how much pollution would be reduced!

In terms of rare earth element resources: Geological experts pointed out that today, as geological resources are becoming increasingly tense, rare earth elements are in short supply across the country. Offshore sand resources are an important part of marine mineral resources. Some of them contain rare earth elements such as radon, tin, gold, etc. Sea sand containing enriched metal elements can be used in the aerospace industry. The sea sand along the coastlines of Yangjiang and Dianbai in Guangdong contains this precious and enriched metal element. However, this mineral resource, which is in short supply in Guangdong and even across the country, is used by local residents to build houses and build roads, causing water pollution and destroying the breeding industry.

In addition, China's utilization rate of solar and wind energy is also very low, and these precious natural resources are wasted.

Other resources: Due to management loopholes, many non-performing loans have resulted in dead debts, bad debts, and bad debts. The embezzlement and misappropriation of many corrupt officials has caused a large loss of state-owned assets. The losses of many organizations Duplicate settings and many cleverly named publicly funded activities have resulted in repeated waste of manpower, material and financial resources.