Research history of Jinjiehao site

The study of "Jin Jie Puzzle" in China began with the compilation of "Jin Shi", but at that time it was only collecting information, not a real study. In the Ming dynasty, there were few research results on relieving fire with gold. The reason for the lack of research on the fire in the Jin Dynasty in Ming Dynasty may be that Mobei was occupied by Mongolia and could not reach the Great Wall built by the Jin Dynasty. However, when the Ming Dynasty compiled the History of Yuan Dynasty, it called the military defense project named Hu Jie in the history of Jin Dynasty the Great Wall. Wang Guowei noticed this historical material in the article synopsis of the golden chamber, and said, "The biography of Butai in Yuan Shi Su is also called the Great Wall."

By the Qing Dynasty, the research on relieving fire with gold had made some progress. Huang Pengnian's "Jifu Tongzhi" describes the poems of Emperor Qianlong about Jinjie. Its "Ancient Great Wall" article wrote: "Mulan stretches for hundreds of miles from east to west, with a city cut in the middle. Surrounded by mountains and valleys, there are traces of the past every forty or fifty miles. When asked about Inner Mongolia and Soren, they all said, "The Great Wall is now ancient.". This refers to the Great Wall of Monan in the Jin Dynasty. Hong Jun's "A Supplement to the Translation of Yuan History" also recorded the fire of Jin Festival: "The Wangs guard the Great Wall and the northern tribes. Allah Hu Si, the Lord of Wang Gu, attached Genghis Khan and led his troops into the customs, so it was dangerous beyond the Great Wall. " This refers to Yinshan Jinjie Trench. During the Guangxu period, Xiqing, who was in charge of the treasury of Heilongjiang, recorded in "Notes on the Outside of Heilongjiang": "There is a dirt city in the spread. Because of the ups and downs of the mountain, it goes thousands of miles to the west and goes straight to Mulan (paddock). Locals call it Hourcau, and people who don't know the way enter the customs from here. The collection of Emperor Qianlong's royal collection has the ancient Great Wall. " After inspecting the Jinji Trench, Xiqing wrote in Notes of Heilongjiang Province, which can be said that Xiqing was the first scholar to inspect the Jinji Trench.

Tu Youyou, the editor-in-chief of Heilongjiang Map Bureau during Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, was invited by the Compilation Committee of Qing Dynasty to specialize in Heilongjiang map. On the map of Heilongjiang, the direction and location of Jinjie Fire are marked in detail. From the starting point of the boundary trench of Jin Dong North Road, Dali takes Shibaozi to Wuhe River, and the Three Great Walls are marked by double lines, which is called "Jinyuan Changchun Frontier Fortress". Judging from the map marking, a lot of manpower and material resources were used at that time. This is the first large-scale investigation of gold border trenches organized by the state, which has a great influence on future generations. Because there is no record in the History of Jin Dynasty, when later generations study Jinjiegou, they often set the starting point of the Great Wall of Jin Dong North Road behind the right bank of Nenjiang River as Qitun in the survey results sent from the soil foundation. When Tu Youyou wrote Historical Records of the Mongols, according to the Records of the Golden History, he researched the general distribution, trend and segmentation of the Great Wall on Jin Dong North Road, and especially pointed out that Jinjie River should be built between Ming and Chang. This shows that Tu Youyou not only organized manpower to inspect the Great Wall on Jin Dong North Road, but also studied the historical documents about Jinjie Fire.

During the period of the Republic of China, the study of Jin history entered a new era, and many scholars began to study Jin, such as Wang Guowei's Jin Kao, Wu's Evolution Table of the Three Eastern Provinces, Shou Pengfei's Great Wall Examination of Past Dynasties, His Annals of Heilongjiang, Soren Lue, Meng's Bussalle, Zhang Jiaxuan and so on. The early Republic of China was just literature research. In the late Republic of China, due to the introduction of western archaeology into China, some scholars began to make archaeological investigations on Jinjie River, and special studies on Jinjie River appeared. Wang Guowei pioneered the study of the Golden Trench, which attracted people's attention and began to study the Golden Trench. He himself said in the "Examination of the Golden World": "Some problems are still uncertain and need to be decided by later visual observers." Under the conditions at that time, Wang Guowei's textual research on Jin Jiehuo was a pioneering work based on historical documents such as Jin Shi and Yuan Shi. Textual research on Jinjiegou made a comprehensive textual research on Jinjiegou, including the project name, distribution and trend, construction time, building structure and historical evolution. It has become the cornerstone of the research history of Jinjie Trench. From 1939 to 1944, archaeologist Li Wenxin made three field archaeological investigations on the Great Wall of Huanglu, Jilin Province, and wrote "The Road Blockage Site of Huanglu, Jilin Province". Li Wenxin initiated the archaeological investigation of Jinjie River, which changed the study of Jinjie River from literature research to archaeological investigation supplemented by literature research, which set an example for his later research and became a classic of Jinjie River research.

After 1949, the study of Jinjie Fire entered a new historical period. Because the country attaches great importance to the protection of the Great Wall, many experts and scholars have visited Jinjiegou in different sections. Especially since 1970s, National Cultural Heritage Administration has carried out a national cultural relics survey, made scientific investigations on several sections of Jinjiegou, and made archaeological excavations on some sections. During this period, the earliest archaeological investigation of Jinjie Fire was conducted by Heilongjiang Provincial Museum. From March 1959 to June 1960, the Heilongjiang section of the Great Wall on Jin Dong North Road was inspected three times, including the architectural structure, distribution and trend of Jinjie Fire and the surrounding ancient cities.

From the end of 1970s to the beginning of this century, some cities and banners in Inner Mongolia, Hebei and other provinces successively conducted archaeological investigations on Jinjie Trench within their jurisdiction, and more than ten investigation reports were published in newspapers. From September 1975 to September 1 1, the cultural relics investigation team of Zhelimu League investigated the 480-kilometer-long Jinjiegou in Keyouqian Banner, Keyouzhong Banner and Zhalute Banner of Tuquan County. From 65438 to 0978, the Inner Mongolia Cultural Relics Team, the historical archaeology major of Jilin University and the Zhelimu League Museum jointly conducted an investigation and trial excavation of the ancient city of Touliemaodu, and investigated the ditches nearby. 1981From June 23rd to August 23rd, Zhelimu League Museum investigated and excavated the Great Wall of Jin Dynasty in Huolinhe mining area. 198 1 In May, the Zuo Qi Museum in Bahrain, Inner Mongolia made a field trip to a part of the Jin Great Wall on Huang Lin Road.

1978 and 1982, the cultural relics workers in Hebei province made a field investigation on the Great Wall of Jin Dynasty, and basically found out the distribution, trend and architectural characteristics of the Great Wall of Jin Dynasty in Hebei Province. In August, 1987, Damaoqi Cultural Relics Management Office conducted an investigation on Jinjiegou, which is 70 kilometers long in its territory. 1988 In August and September, the Museum of Keshiketeng Banner in Inner Mongolia spent more than one month investigating Jinjie Trench in its territory 179 km. On February 6, 2004, Qiqihar Municipal Government organized domestic experts from Liao and Jin Dynasties to hold a seminar on the history of Jinjie fire in Nianzishan District, and the experts and scholars at the meeting had a heated discussion on related issues. The characteristic of this seminar is to study not only the Jinjie River itself, but also its protection and utilization. 1852, Kropotkin, a Russian explorer from other countries, investigated the northern boundary trench of Jindailing, which now spans Russia, China and Mongolia, only for military purposes, and did not make an archaeological investigation of Jindailing from an archaeological point of view. In 1930s, nosov, a Soviet, visited Jinjie River. 1September, 939, Bao nosov inspected the Great Wall of Northeast Road and wrote "Preliminary Investigation of Genghis Khan's Side Wall".

At the beginning of last century, Japan began to study the history and geography of northeast China for the need of mainland policy. With regard to the study of the fire in the Golden World, Tsuda Zuoyouer's Study on the North Side of the Jin Dynasty was published in the Report on the Geographical History of Manchuria and Mongolia published in April 19 18, and Hasegawa Kanetaro's Wicker Side Wall and Phnom Penh Fort was published in Peer published in June 1938. In addition, Li Wenxin said, Japanese Torii Ryuzo's re-examination of Liao culture also involved the study of Jin Jiehuo.