A cursory tour of Copenhagen (1), Christiansborg Palace, etc.

As I said before, the motivation to come to Copenhagen is purely punching in, and there is no research before, so remember to write in the approximate order of our trip. This is just a trip to Copenhagen.

The old city of Copenhagen is roughly divided into three regions: south, middle and north. It is no problem to walk from the hotel in the south to the mermaid statue in the north.

This is what you saw all the way from the southern district to the central district.

The hotel is located in Sydhavnen (Danish is similar to Dutch and German), which is a new urban area with a history of 100 years.

There are many churches in Copenhagen, too, and we only saw one or two.

This tall tower is the tower of Christiansborg Palace and the tallest building in the city.

This canal is called Frederiksholms Kanal, and its history can be traced back to the middle of17th century. Many buildings on both sides also belong to that period. At first, it was mostly a warehouse, but now it is used for other purposes.

The red sloping roof building on the right is called Christian IV's Brewhouse, which was built in 1608. It was originally used for the military defense of the city, and later became a brewery.

Some very old ships are now museums.

Many old buildings around are17-18th century. Because there were several urban fires in Copenhagen in17-18th century, medieval buildings hardly existed.

On the door of this building, there are figures from the19th century and the head of the owner.

Some buildings look relatively new, which is estimated to be within a hundred years.

Ships on the canal.

The red boat at the back was built by 1895. Geze is the southernmost town in Denmark and the southernmost town in the Nordic countries. This ship used to be a lighthouse ship on the Baltic Sea near Gaither, navigating for passing ships, and 1972 was retired. The lighthouse ship is now a museum and belongs to the Danish National Museum.

This is very interesting.

This stone bridge built on the Frederic Holm Canal in 1744 is equivalent to the main entrance of Christiansborg Palace. At the same time, there are two bridge pavilions at the bridgehead. This stone bridge used to be a suspension bridge.

The castle is surrounded by canals, and Slotsholmen means castle island in Danish. Since 12 century, it has been the ruling center of Denmark, so Slotsholmen is also synonymous with Danish administration in the middle ages, that is, the island of power.

The deck of the stone bridge is also called marble bridge, because it is paved with Norwegian marble and pebbles. That's how we got into Christiansborg Palace.

Look back at the bridge pavilion from the inside.

The building in front is the main building in Christiansborg Palace. A large open space in front of the palace is an equestrian performance venue. Every important festival, there will be equestrian performances. Usually, it is also a venue for equestrian training for citizens.

On both sides of the equestrian venue are two symmetrical buildings, the equestrian school on the left and the royal stables on the right.

Equestrian (Riding) School is on the north side (left side of the entrance).

Behind the equestrian venue, there is a statue of riding a horse.

The rider is Danish King Christian Ⅸ.

Christian Ⅸ (Christian IX. , 18 18- 1906), king of Denmark, 1863- 1906 in the throne.

Let's talk about his home, Glucksburg, which used to be a small fief under the Principality of Schleswig-Holstein. It was a branch of the Danish king of the Oldenburg dynasty. Their ancestors were/kloc-Danish king and Norwegian king Christian III in the 6th century.

1863, King Frederick VII of Denmark died childless, and was succeeded by Prince Christian, the fourth son of Friedrich William, Duke of Fort gruss, that is, Christian Ⅸ, thus starting the Fort gruss dynasty in Danish history until now Queen Margrethe II of Denmark.

Not many people know the King of Denmark, but his descendants are much more famous.

Christian Ⅸ has three sons and three daughters.

1, the eldest son was succeeded by King Frederick VIII of Denmark.

2. The eldest daughter Princess Alexandra married the then Prince of Wales and later King Edward VII of England. Their son later became the grandfather of King George V of England, now Queen Elizabeth II.

3. The second son George became King George I of Greece in 1862, and the first modern Olympic Games was held during his administration. Now the Queen of England's husband, Prince Philip, is his grandson (provided that he gives up the Greek throne).

Therefore, all British princes and princesses today also hold the titles of Schleswig-Holstein-Nanburg-Gruxburg, and they are still members of the Gruxburg royal family.

4. The second daughter, Princess Degma, married the future Russian czar Alexander III and changed her name to Maria Feodor Rovna (Queen). Their son is Tsar Nicholas II (Amsterdam Branch of Ermita) who was killed by the Soviet regime.

The third daughter, Princess Tila, married the Crown Prince of Hanover.

6. The third son, Prince Valdemar, is a Danish naval officer.

Today's Christiansborg Palace is the third generation building. This is a place where Danish legislation, judicature and administration are integrated, and some areas are reserved for the royal family.

The castle originated from Fort absalon in 1 167. Absalon was a famous Danish politician and archbishop of Roskilde in the second half of the12nd century, which will be introduced later when he was riding a horse.

The castle built by absalon in 1 167 is still for military defense, which can be regarded as the beginning of Copenhagen construction, so absalon can also be regarded as the founder of Copenhagen.

However, the castle built by absalon has existed for more than 200 years. 1369, due to the conflict between the church and the royal family, the castle was destroyed by the Danish king and the Lufthansa Alliance. Now, if you visit the castle, you can still see the remains of the original absalon Castle underground.

After absalon Castle was demolished, Copenhagen Castle was built in 14 (K? Benhavns Slot), the word Copenhagen means the port of merchants. Copenhagen originally belonged to Archbishop Roskilde. It was occupied by the Danish king in the15th century and later became the residence of the royal family.

1730 Danish king (also king of Norway) Christian Ⅵ decided to rebuild the destroyed palace, which was basically completed in 1745. It was the first generation of Christiansborg Palace, the largest palace in northern Europe at that time, and the construction cost was almost half of the financial revenue of the whole kingdom.

1794, a fire destroyed Christiansborg Palace (the first generation), so King Christian VII had to move to Amarinburg Palace, and the king ordered the famous Danish architect Christian Frederik Hansen to rebuild the burnt-out palace.

The construction of the second generation Christiansborg Palace began at 1803. Because it was in Napoleon's time, the building had a French style. When 1828 was completed, King Frederick VI of Denmark didn't want to move back here, so it was just a place for the royal family to hold entertainment.

1849, Denmark implemented a constitutional monarchy. King Frederick VII lived here for several years, and the south wing of the palace was handed over to Parliament.

1884, most of the second-generation palaces were destroyed by fire, but the ruins were put on hold for more than 20 years due to political struggle.

1907- 1928, the reconstruction of the German neo-Baroque style palace adopts reinforced concrete construction technology. It is the third generation of Christianburg Palace that we see today.

Tower height106m, belonging to the third generation building, is the tallest building in Copenhagen and the earliest reinforced concrete building in Copenhagen. There is a viewing platform on the tower, which can be visited for free. I didn't go because time was tight.

The building is arranged on three sides, and the building on the right is the Danish Parliament (1849 onwards). Symmetrical buildings are the Supreme Court, the Prime Minister's Office and some buildings belonging to the royal family, which are used for the reception of the royal family and convenient for the king to attend political meetings. Some areas can be visited by the public.

I don't know who it is, but I guess it will be a king and two architects.

Some tourists who will visit the tower. Actually, going to the tower is free. If you have enough time, you should go up and have a look.

There are theaters, libraries, royal halls, museums and so on. In the palace. You need to go in to see them, but the ticket price is not low. Need 160DKK. Even if I come again, I may not want to go in.

On the north side of the palace, there is also a Valcin Museum, which was built by 1837 to commemorate Baertl Thorvaldsen, a famous Danish neoclassical sculptor. There is a large collection of Thorvaldsen's works, as well as his daily necessities and other related exhibits. When we arrived, the museum was closed, but later, on the museum island in Berlin, we saw many of his sculptures, which may have been temporarily exhibited in Germany.

The location of the building was once part of the ruins of the palace.

Bertel Thorvaldsen (1770- 1844), a famous Danish neoclassical sculptor, was one of the representatives of the Golden Age in Denmark. Although he was born in Copenhagen, he spent most of his artistic creation time in Rome and Italy. He went to Rome to study at the age of 27 and didn't return to Copenhagen until 1838 was 68.

He was contemporary with the famous Italian sculptor antonio Canova, and Canova spoke highly of his works.

Thorvaldsen has left a large number of works in Italy and Europe, one of which is the tomb of Pope pope pius vii (Thorvaldsen is a Protestant) in St. Peter's Cathedral in Vatican, and the other is a large sculpture of the dying lion in Lucerne, Switzerland (the dying lion in Lucerne and the mercenary system in Switzerland).

I once saw the statue of Johannes Gutenberg, the inventor of modern printing in Mainz, Germany (Mainz, the military camp that started in Rome), and the riding statue of maximilian I, the elector of Wittelsbach Square in Munich (Munich (the old city north area and the university area)), all created by Thorvaldsen.

1838, Thorvaldsen returned to Copenhagen and received a hero's welcome. 1844 On March 24th, he died of a heart attack at the Royal Danish Opera House. His grave is in the middle of the museum courtyard.

Get off the marble bridge and go north along the Frederiksholm Canal.

On the roadside is the Nationalmuseet of Denmark, established in 1807, with Danish cultural history as the exhibition theme, which is the largest cultural history museum in Denmark. The lighthouse boat Gaither seen in front belongs to the national museum.

Continue north.

Here, the canal turns to the east, looking eastward at the Walsingham Museum. The tower in the distance used to be St. Nicholas' church, but now it is an exhibition hall of contemporary art.

This neoclassical building was built in the palace of Copenhagen (K? Benhavns Domhus), at that time, the city hall and the court were together, so it was also called the old city hall. 1905 after the opening of the new town hall, it was just a court.

The square in front of the court is called Ni Tholf, which was established by King Christian IV in 16 10, and named Gammeltorv, which is not far from the block. At that time, Renaissance buildings such as City Hall were all around the square. 1795 Copenhagen fire destroyed a large number of buildings, including the city hall, so the city hall and the court were rebuilt.

The streets around the new market.

Looking north at the new market square, the steeple is St. Peter's Church in Copenhagen.

We had lunch at a restaurant in the corner of the new market. The name of the restaurant is Nitov.

Continue to visit Copenhagen after dinner.