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The Outbreak of Disney Legion: the Cause of Disease Spread by Cooling Tower

Scanning electron microscope image of Legionella. Janice Hani Carr. CDC (provided by Margaret Williams, Clarissa Lucas and tatiana Travis) The happiest place on earth has been plagued by the most unhappy situation: several tourists in the park have a fatal respiratory infection called Legionella. The original source may be two cooling towers in the theme park. According to the Los Angeles Times, the water in the water tower was tested positive for pathogenic bacteria last Saturday, and the building was closed.

But what is legionnaires' disease and why is the air conditioning system the source of the disease? [5 things you should know about legionnaires' disease]

Legionella is a respiratory disease spread by a bacterium called Legionella. This bacterium was first confirmed at an American Legion meeting in Philadelphia in 1976, when 180 people contracted a mysterious pneumonia. * * * was reported one year after the crime. When people inhale water droplets containing bacteria, diseases will spread. According to the data of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), people with this disease may have fever, chills, cough and muscle pain, and about one in ten people will die. According to the CDC, this disease can be treated with antibiotics, and people aged 50 or above.

Patients with chronic lung disease and patients with other diseases such as diabetes or kidney disease are at the highest risk of Legionella infection. According to CDC data, in 2065, 438+05, about 6,000 people in the United States were tested positive for the disease, but there may be more cases that have never been reported.

The risk of cooling towers Cooling towers are the main source of diseases, because they provide two things that bacteria need to grow: the place to grow and the way to enter the human respiratory system. The huge warm water tanks in these systems provide an ideal environment for the reproduction of Legionella. These systems can also circulate air. When the water in the water tank evaporates, it will form water droplets and spread diseases through the air. Other common culprits include hot tubs, large piping systems and fountains.

Although interpersonal communication is rare, a case of 20 16 shows that it is possible. According to life science, in rare cases, people can get this disease by inhaling water into the trachea or letting it "go down the wrong pipe". "Life Science" previously reported that newborns may also suffer from this disease during "underwater delivery".

This is not the first time legionnaires' disease has been associated with cooling towers. In 20 15, an epidemic broke out in the Bronx, new york, causing more than 10 deaths and 120 illnesses. In the end, the epidemic was related to the cooling tower of the Opera House Hotel. In April, a study published at the 66th annual meeting of the Epidemiology Information Service of the US Centers for Disease Control found that 84% of the cooling towers in China 196 were positive for Legionella.

Originally published in Life Science.

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