What is the geographical location of Chaohu Lake?

① The fifth largest freshwater lake in China. Located in the middle of Anhui Province. It covers an area of 769.5 square kilometers. Hangbu River, Fengle River, Shangpai River, Nanfeihe River and Gaozhe River are injected, and the lake water flows into the Yangtze River through Yuxi River. It has the advantages of water storage and irrigation and is famous for producing whitebait. (Xinhua Dictionary) ② City name. China is the only prefecture-level city named after a lake. The urban area is located on the shore of Chaohu Lake, with the famous Binhu Avenue. This is a land of plenty and a tourist city. The city has a total area of 9,423 square kilometers and a total population of 4.65 million.

Chaohu Lake is located in the middle of Anhui Province, with a length of 54.5 km from east to west and a width of 2 1 km from north to south, with a water area of about 750 square kilometers. Surrounded by Hefei City, Chaohu City and Lujiang County, it is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. Chaohu Lake is the largest lake in Anhui Province, with an area of over 700 square kilometers and an inflow area of 9 130 square kilometers, including 7,735 square kilometers in hilly areas (accounting for 84.7%), 6 12 square kilometers in polder areas (accounting for 6.7%) and 783 square kilometers in lake areas (accounting for 8.6%). The main rivers entering the lake are: Nanfei River, Shangpai River, Fengle River, Hangbu River, Baishi Tianhe River, Zhaohe River and Gaozhe River. These rivers all originate in hilly areas, with large catchment area, short river course, large slope and fast confluence. After passing through the polder around the lake, it enters Chaohu Lake, leaves Chaohu Gate after being regulated by the lake, and flows into the Yangtze River under Yuxi Gate via Yuxi River. During the flood season, if the water level of the Yangtze River is too high and the Yuxi River is propped up, the Yuxi Gate and Chaohu Gate will be closed, and the river water will be refused to flow backwards. The incoming water from the rivers around Chaohu Lake depends on the regulation and storage of Chaohu Lake, and the flood control pressure is great. In order to alleviate the flood control problems of Chaohu Lake and Yuxi River, the flood diversion channel construction of Niutun River started in the winter of 1986, with the flood diversion flow of 460 ~ 615m3/s, and the water level at the mouth of Yuxi River is 0.4 ~ 0.5m lower than that at the mouth. The project has been basically completed.

Jianghuai, thousands of miles away, Chaohu is the most beautiful. The beauty of Chaohu Lake lies not only in its vastness, but also in its rich products, profound context and scenic spots all over the two sides. There is a wonderful couplet in Laoshan Temple in the lake. The first couplet reads: "eight hundred miles are uneven, and I want to see the beautiful spring, and the smoke disappears." The cave in Cenlou is open and sparse, and it is far from beautiful. " The second couplet reads: "A thousand waves are surging, not attracting a quiet autumn color, and the wind is quiet at night."

Out of the urban area of Chaohu Lake, I looked up and saw Chaohu Lake, which swallowed Wu Chu and Qian Fan and moved the Galaxy for five nights. Boarding a yacht from a tributary of the lake, the canoe quickly sailed west. I saw the vast Chaohu Lake, where water and sky meet as far as the eye can see. The lake is dotted with fishing sails and fishing songs. In less than an hour, you can vaguely see the "first scene of the lake" in the middle hall.

The middle hall stands on the red sand rock reef of Phoenix Terrace, surrounded by water on three sides. The temple was built in Chiwu, Wu Dong in the second year. Later, it was repeatedly repaired by soldiers and repaired several times. It leans against the morning glow, faces the elderly, looks at the Bird's Nest in the east and looks beautiful in the west. The existing temples, pavilions and pavilions are all buildings in the late Qing Dynasty, with more than 70.

The description of the middle temple in A Record of Chaohu Lake is very delicate: "The walls of the Red Temple are steep and scattered, and the Phoenix Terrace is bare, reaching directly into the lake, and the waves can't wash it. The lake waves are huffing and puffing, the flying stream sprays beads, and the lake tide enters the hole like a bell. " Tourists look up at the balcony, the double eaves fly out, the gray roof is like the crown of the phoenix, and the sun sets, giving people a feeling of flying. There are horizontal plaques on the beams in the hall, shrines in the hall, ghosts and gods painted on the walls, and heavenly soldiers painted on the corridors. Tourists call it "the island on earth", "the difference in the lake" and "the protection of the fairy altar cloud"

The goddess enshrined in the temple is Bi Xia Yuan Jun. According to ancient books, "In the heyday, the spring was bright and beautiful, facing the fireworks, men, women and children in the north and south of the Yangtze River each held a clove of incense, recited the name of Buddha, prayed to the temple, stood shoulder to shoulder, and followed the toes." Now, people visit this temple, not to pray for the gift of the ethereal god, but to enjoy the magnificent scenery of Li Bai's Chaohu Lake after work.

Far away from the temple is a lake island on the vast lake: from a distance, it looks like a huge turtle, floating on the white lake; Close up, it looks like an old woman staring at her son with her chin cupped. This is the mythical Laoshan Island.

Legend has it that a long time ago, Chaohu Lake was a basin with an ideal city called Chaozhou. One day, a fisherman caught a big fish with a thousand pounds and transported it to the city for sale at a low price. People all over the city are scrambling to buy fish, but an old lady Jiao Lao and her daughter Gu Yu don't eat it. A man turned to the old man and said, "This fish is my son. If your mother and daughter don't eat, there will be a good reward. When you see a stone fish in the east of the city, the city will fall. " Sure enough, one day soon, Jiao Lao saw the stone fish in the east gate red-eyed. She was anxious to run all over the street, calling on the people of the city to avoid disasters, and then wanted to take her daughter with her. One sunny day, there was a sudden loud noise, heavy rain poured down, floods crossed the border, and Chaozhou sank. Jiao Lao's mother and daughter were drowned by turbid waves. At the critical moment, the little white dragon used magic to grow three mountains from the lake and lift his mother and daughter and Jiao Lao's lost shoes out of the water. Later generations praised Jiao Lao's virtue, named Chaohu Lake Jiaohu, and named the mountains in the lake Laoshan, Gushan and Xieshan.

When Luo Yin, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, crossed Chaohu Lake, he wrote a poem "Ask the people in the city to drown in the Millennium of Qin and Han Dynasties".

The ship is near Laoshan Mountain, surrounded by the lake, and the pavilions are uneven. If the Emerald Island floats, it looks like a "silver plate with green snails".

Laoshan Mountain is the largest and most beautiful island in the middle of Chaohu Lake. East-west length1.200m and north-south width of 700m. There is a tower, three pavilions and six mountains on the island, Jiu Feng, which is quiet and pleasant in all seasons.

In the spring of March, the mountains and rivers are beautiful, the lakes are melting, the spring breeze is willow, and the warblers are flying around, which makes Shan Ye interesting. /kloc-in the spring of 0/964, Guo Moruo visited Chaohu Lake and left a calligraphy: "Looking at Jinlang in Chaohu Lake, I love her aunt like oil." In hot summer, Laoshan Mountain is full of red flowers and fragrant flowers, which is cool and pleasant. In the Mid-Autumn Festival, the sky is crisp, the lake is blue, the willows are full of fruits, and the scenery is gorgeous. Sima Guang, the prime minister of the Northern Song Dynasty and editor of Zi Tong Zhi Jian, once wrote a poem in Laoshan: "The lake island reflects a slight cold, and the lotus flowers pass through the sky." In winter, silver snakes dance under the mountain, wrapped in red, a few feet of ice under the rock, and the trees are full of silver flowers, like a glass world.

Laoshan Mountain is not only beautiful, but also has many places of interest. Tourists are walking on the rugged mountain road. If their footsteps are a little heavier, they can hear the echo of their footsteps, which is the unique "empty valley echo" of Laoshan Mountain. If you follow the sound, you can find about 20 caves. The big one can hold 100 people, and the small one can hold 10 people. The grotesque rocks in the cave are very dangerous. Climbing up again, you can see Wenfeng Pagoda of Ming and Qing pagodas.

Wenfeng Pagoda was built in the fourth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 163 1). Ru Yan, the magistrate of Luzhou, proposed to build it. Just after it was built into four floors, it stopped because of the war. During Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1878), Li Hongzhang advocated donating the building and entrusted Jiangsu Bulu and Luzhou native Wu Xujian to build the third floor. After his success, Li Hongzhang wrote four characters of "Wen Guang She Dou" and set up an "Laoshan Pagoda Monument" engraved on the stone tablet.

The tower is seven stories high, with 565,438+0m, 65,438+033 grades, made of blue bricks, with layers of cornices, octagonal faces in all directions, and bronze bells at the four corners, which is magnificent in appearance and exquisite in structure. The tower body consists of three parts: the outer wall, the cloister and the tower core. When people enter the tower, the doors and ladders are staggered, and they turn left and right, which is endless fun. Each tower wall is surrounded by inscriptions, poems or Buddha statues. There are 25 plaques inscribed by Governor Li of Guangdong and Guangxi, 802 brick-carved Buddha statues, and Liu Mingchuan, the first governor of Taiwan Province, inscribed "mainstay".

Standing on the tower, people only feel the wind whistling and the copper bells jingling, as if standing on the clouds. Looking from the window, the smoke waves are vast and the fishing sails are little; Looking at their feet closely, Gu and Xie are all rocks like fog.

The pagoda is inlaid with a complete statue of Li Hongzhang. Before Li Hongzhang made his fortune, thanks to the guidance of his mentor Zeng Guofan, he assembled Huai troops to train on the lake, leaving a magnificent seven-character quatrain: "Chaohu Lake is like a wave in an inkstone, and his hands are like a lonely mountain." The Laoshan Tower is like a sheep's hair, enough to write an eight-part essay on the blue sky. "Not far from the tower, there is a sacred temple dedicated to Jiao Lao during the Spring and Autumn Period. Red catalpa and blue tiles are hidden among pines and cypresses.

The morning in Chaohu Lake is beautiful, the night scene is more beautiful, and the moonlit night in Laoshan Mountain is more charming. If on the night of March 5 in the clear autumn, a bright moon is reflected on the slight lake, just like a jade bead embedded in the lake. Moonlight, lights and lake light complement each other, and the moon shadow, tower shadow and cloud shadow are integrated into one. It is really a beautiful night with "one color of lake light and boundless autumn colors". During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, Zhu Xian, an official school of Luzhou Prefecture, wrote in the article "jathyapple in Chaohu Lake": "The breeze is lifeless, the sky is bright and the shadows are dark blue, and people are fascinated by it, and workers are relieved of it, as if they were in a cold world."

In May 2002, Chaohu Lake Scenic Area was approved by the State Council to be included in the fourth batch of national scenic spots.