What kind of fire extinguishers should the hotel kitchen be equipped with?

At present, the commonly used fire extinguishers are foam extinguisher, carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, dry powder fire extinguisher and 12 1 1 fire extinguisher.

(a) the fire extinguishing function and scope of action of the fire extinguisher

1, foam extinguisher

The fire extinguishing function of foam extinguisher is as follows: The foam covering layer formed on the surface of the combustion product insulates the surface of the combustion product from the air, and plays the role of suffocation and fire extinguishing. Because the foam layer can prevent the heat in the combustion zone from acting on the surface of the burning substance, it can prevent the evaporation of the combustible substance itself and nearby combustible substances. The water separated from foam cools the surface of combustion products, and the water vapor generated by foam evaporation can reduce the oxygen concentration near combustion products.

Extinguishing scope in foam extinguisher: It is suitable for extinguishing Class A fires, such as wood fires, cotton fires, hemp fires, paper fires and general fires, such as petroleum products and grease fires. But it can't put out the fire of water-soluble flammable and combustible liquids, such as alcohols, esters, ethers, ketones and other substances.

2, dry powder fire extinguisher

The functions of dry powder fire extinguishers are as follows: firstly, the reactive free ions produced by combustion products are eliminated, so that the chain reaction of combustion is interrupted; Second, when the dry powder decomposes at high temperature, it absorbs a lot of heat, releases steam and carbon dioxide, and cools and dilutes oxygen in the air in the combustion zone.

Extinguishing scope of dry powder fire extinguisher: suitable for extinguishing flammable liquids, gases, electrical fires and fires unsuitable for water use. AC dry powder fire extinguisher can extinguish the fire caused by charged substances and the fire caused by the burning of Class A, C and D substances.

3, carbon dioxide fire extinguisher

The fire extinguishing function of carbon dioxide fire extinguisher is as follows: when the content of carbon dioxide in the air in the combustion area reaches 30%-50%, it can extinguish the combustion and mainly play a suffocating role. At the same time, carbon dioxide absorbs a certain amount of heat energy in the process of fire extinguishing, and also has a certain cooling effect.

Extinguishing scope of carbon dioxide: it is suitable for extinguishing the fire of electrical equipment, precision instruments, books and archives below 600 volts, as well as fires of oil, gas and some substances that cannot be extinguished with water.

4. 12 1 1 fire extinguisher

12 1 1 The fire extinguishing function of the fire extinguisher is mainly to suppress the chain reaction of combustion and stop combustion. At the same time, it has certain cooling and suffocation effects.

12 1 1 Extinguishing scope of fire extinguisher: it is suitable for extinguishing fires of inflammable, combustible liquids, gases and charged equipment, as well as fires on the surface of solid materials (such as bamboo, paper and fabric), especially for extinguishing fires of precision instruments, computers, precious cultural relics and warehouses, and also for extinguishing fires of airplanes, automobiles and precious materials.

(2) How to use a fire extinguisher

1, the use of portable fire extinguishers

(1) mechanical foam, 12 1 1, carbon dioxide, dry powder fire extinguisher.

Generally, the above fire extinguishers are made by one person. When in use, lift the fire extinguisher to the fire site quickly. Put down the fire extinguisher 5 meters away from the fire point, tear off the safety seal first, and remove the safety pin. Then, hold the pressure handle in the right hand, and hold the nozzle at the front end of the spray hose in the left hand (if there is no spray hose, the left hand can hold the bottom ring of the fire extinguisher) to spray at the burning place.

When putting out the fire, aim the nozzle at the root of the flame, put out the fire from near to far, and push forward quickly until the flame is completely extinguished.

When using foam to extinguish fire, foam should be sprayed on the wall of large container to make the foam flow down the wall and cover the oil surface in parallel, so as to avoid the foam directly impacting the oil surface and increase the difficulty of extinguishing fire.

(2) Chemical foam extinguisher.

Lift the fire extinguisher vertically to a distance of 10 meter from the fire point. The user holds the lifting ring with one hand and the bottom ring of the steel cylinder with the other hand, and turns the fire extinguisher upside down to spray foam. In the process of foam spraying, the fire extinguisher should always be in an inverted and vertical state, and it is not allowed to come horizontally or vertically, otherwise the spraying will be interrupted.

2, the use of cart fire extinguisher

(1) mechanical foam, 12 1 1, carbon dioxide, dry powder fire extinguisher.

Generally, fire extinguishers for carts are made by two people. When in use, the fire extinguisher should be quickly pulled or pushed to the fire, and stopped at 10 meters away from the fire. One person will put the fire extinguisher firmly, then tear the lead seal, unplug the safety pin, and quickly open the air valve or opening mechanism; One person quickly unfolds the spray hose, holds the barrel of the spray gun in one hand, and pulls the trigger in the other hand to aim the nozzle at the burning site to extinguish the fire.

(2) Chemical foam extinguisher.

When in use, the two men quickly pull or push the fire extinguisher to the fire and stop it at a distance of 10 meter from the fire. One person turns the handwheel counterclockwise to mix the liquid medicine and produce chemical foam. One person quickly unfolds the spray hose, holds the spray gun with both hands, and aims the nozzle at the fire to extinguish the fire.