Where is Yizhou?

Yixian County, Hebei Province, was called Yizhou in ancient times. I only remember Yishui before, but I didn't know until I came to the rear area that famous mountains and rivers, the ancient capital of imperial tombs and cultural relics abound. And Li Bai has already traveled to Wan Li Road. In my trip, I was in a hurry, but I didn't follow in his footsteps for thousands of years.

Moral classics

Yi county has a moral building with an octagonal column engraved with 5,000 words of Laozi, which was inscribed by Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. It is priceless.

Lao Tzu's surname is Li Minger, and because Li Tang has the same surname, he is respected as his ancestor, one letter after another. It's hard to see "Tai Shang Huang Xuanyuan" and "Sheng Zu Avenue Huang Xuanyuan". Of course, they will not climb their ancestors for no reason, mainly to strengthen family rule and make Li's country stable forever. If Lao Tzu knew what was going on underground, would he recognize this descendant? At the beginning, he didn't want to be the history of keeping Tibet in Zhou Dynasty. He lived for a long time. Seeing the decline of the Zhou Dynasty, he rode a green cow and went out to Hanguguan in the west. Guan Ming Yin forced him to write a book, telling more than 5,000 words of moral truth, but he didn't know his own fate.

Recently, some scholars put forward the theory of "two Laozi, two Laozi" based on the 2000-word Laozi in Chu bamboo slips, which needs further study and understanding. But there is no doubt that Confucius, a sage who has been a teacher for generations, once asked Laozi to be polite and said that "Confucius was born old" was not groundless. Laozi said to Confucius, "A gentleman can sometimes drive, and sometimes he can't. I heard that Liang Jia is hiding in Xu Ruo. A gentleman is virtuous and his appearance is stupid. Get rid of arrogance and lust, attitude and lust. If it is not good for my son, I will sue my son. If it is. " Confucius must have learned a lot at that time.

Laozi is "tired if he can't do it", so that future generations don't know his fate. I don't know what to do, but I was honored as the ancestor of Taoism and chased as the ancestor of Li by the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. It can be said that I was silent before my death, and I was silent behind my glory. No matter whether he left 2,000 words or 5,000 words, he never expected that they would be handed down to future generations, affecting for more than 2,000 years and becoming one of the classics and sources of China traditional culture. Over the past 2,000 years, more than 3,000 people have made annotations for the Tao Te Ching. They made a guest appearance in the Tang Dynasty, paying tribute to Laozi, praising him as "powerful and true, enlightening people in other countries", ordering people to make his portrait public, respecting Laozi as "moral truth" and taking part in the imperial examination. Such an honor is unprecedented. And the Tao Te Ching, which is more in line with Lao Tzu's original intention? I have to ask Lao Tzu. What about the imperial note of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty? Is there anything unique that surpasses the former sages? In a hurry, I can't read carefully. I took a few photos and only saw a rough picture. The fine print is not clear at all. Calligraphy was written by Su Lingzhi and is as famous as Yan Zhenqing. Because it refused to accept the Anshi rebellion, its inscription ink was destroyed, leaving little, so it was of extraordinary value.

There was longxing temple here. After the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, only one building has been preserved, which has been listed as "national security" and has a pavilion. Next to the pavilion, the new monument of "protecting the four directions" is lying on the ground, old columns and stone carvings are abandoned everywhere, and garbage is everywhere. It is not only the protection of cultural relics by the state, but also a good protection. How many "national security" can there be in the whole country? !

Jing Ke building

Jing Ke Tower, on Jing Ke Mountain, was built by later generations to commemorate Jing Ke.

When Zhou was destroyed, it was named Beiyan, and everything was there, which is now the river in Fangshan, Beijing, which is well known all over the world. Yan Shangdu. After moving the capital to the bank of Yishui, it became the capital of Xia Yan, with a capital of more than ten miles, ranking first among the capitals of the Warring States. Things have changed, and now only broken walls is left, covered by weeds and eroded by wind and rain, and the scenery is more affectionate. If you are sentimental, you won't forget to do your best to recruit talents and talents, build up the Yan State from weak to strong, and finally defeat Qi State. For thousands of years, Li Bai has come here to pay tribute to his masterpiece "Ancient Style": "Yan Guo Jian." Who knows, with a stroke of a pen, "why not abandon me like dust" or even "wander thousands of miles alone." Confidence "I was born useful" means useless and full of sadness. In fact, in the final analysis, it is not appropriate for a scholar to be an official. If he does, it will be difficult to do it well. Scholars are not politicians, and writers are not politicians. That is beside the point.

At that time, Qin unified the world, which was the general trend. With the help of Jing Ke, Taizi Dan assassinated the king of Qin just to save the country. It's fantastic. While Jing Ke took Qin Wuyang to Xianyang, Wuyang turned pale, and Jing Ke showed his plan, but the assassination failed and he died in the temple. After reading Historical Records Biography of Assassins, I always feel that Sima Qian's works have some interpretations and the plot is too exaggerated. No wonder, the history books themselves are fragmentary, and the past history can't be reproduced. All necessary associations and reasonable narratives are indispensable. Otherwise, how many words will be left in the Spring and Autumn Historical Records? !

Jing Ke didn't stab the king of Qin, even if he did, what's the use? It's only a matter of time. Another king of Qin will appear soon, while the country of Qu will still perish and the world will still be unified with Qin. The wheels of history are like rolling pebbles. It just gives birth and moves on. I didn't mean to deny Jing Ke's heroic feat. Since ancient times, there have been many people in Zhao Yan who are generous and sad, and Jing Ke is one of them. And this feat, so that future generations admire and unforgettable, especially in the Yishui River, the prince's guests were sent in white, and the high ceremony struck the building. Jing Ke sang: "The wind is rustling and the water is cold, and the strong man is gone forever!" This song has been handed down to this day. When the locals talk about this song, what they actually read is a continuation sentence: "Explore the tiger's den and enter the Jiaogong, and hope to become Bai Hong." He also said that Jing Ke was generous and magnificent. He got on the bus while singing and never looked back. There is Baihong Village in Yixian County. It is said that because of Jing Ke's breath in the sky, it went straight to the sunset and turned into a Bai Hong, which was called different by the audience. Is it legendary because of songs, or is it sung because of legends? Probably no one can tell.

We often chant heroic feats, but there is actually an ending: Gao Jianli, who was sent away from the building, was later renamed Yongbao. Because he was good at beating the floor, he was summoned by Qin Shihuang, and it was a blind purpose to think that Qin cherished his skills and pardoned his death, that is, to smoke with horse manure. Later, during the performance, the drill bit was placed in the middle and the park Qin Huang was raised. If he misses it, he will be punished. A hero like Jing Ke, for the sake of his country and nation, history should not be forgotten.

When I came, it was raining in Mao Mao. Originally, I wanted to visit the jing ke Tower. However, the slippery mountain road brings inconvenience to car travel. I had to watch from a distance in the car by the window and listen to the tour guide's lobbying: this tower is thirteen stories high, and the priests of the wind are hung on the eight corners of each floor. The breeze is swaying, crisp and pleasant, and the sound spreads all over the world. Vaguely, there seems to be something in my ear.

Yishuiyan

I have long heard of Yishui inkstone. In Yixian county, I never thought that a pavement on the left and a courtyard on the right were all selling inkstones, as common as bazaars and peanuts.

Walking into a house at random, the inkstone is full of beautiful things. Then I walked into the backyard. It turned out to be an inkstone workshop, a typical front shop backyard, and a wooden frame with a large piece of purple gravel on it, which has already shown the shape of Long Yun. The stone is littered with knives, axes, files and an old hat. Obviously, the inkstone maker left soon. Think about China, Shandong Luyan, Guangdong Duanyan, Jiangxi She Yan and Gansu Yan Tao, which are called the four famous inkstones. Among them, Duan inkstone, from the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, from the Yuan Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, has a long-standing reputation and is the treasure of inkstone. Mr. Zhang Zhongxing, a contemporary scholar, once showed me a treasured Guangdong inkstone and told me its ins and outs. I didn't think about it at that time. In retrospect, I don't remember what Mr. Zhang said, except that the inkstone was embedded in a wooden box, and its shape was flat, like a stone. In the Song Dynasty, Su Shi "took stone as an inkstone without an axe, and later generations sought it naturally and smoothly." Although Su Shi's official career has been relegated again and again, he wants to be more open-minded in life and even return to simplicity. Could it be that the owner of Zhang's old Guangdong inkstone returned to the garden that year? However, it is not easy to get the stone of Duanyan.

Yishui inkstone began in the Warring States Period. I remember that in the past, inkstones were unearthed in the tombs of Zhao Haoqi and other Warring States, but their shapes were relatively simple and clumsy. Therefore, inkstone has a history of at least 2000 years in China, and Yishui inkstone and China inkstone have a long history. Yishui inkstone was taken from Huangboyang Cave in Zhong Nanshan, yi county, hence the name Yishui. There are three kinds of inkstones: purple, green and brown, and they are delicate and hard, which is quite good for inkstones. In the Tang Dynasty, Yizhou inkstone master Chao took the country as his surname and renamed it "Li Chao". His son, Li Tinggui, became an ink official, and then spread his skills to Bozhou, Anhui Province (inkstones are mainly produced in Shexian County, Anhui Province and Wuyuan, Jiangxi Province) and Guangdong Province, where she and Duan's inkstones were produced. This is contained in Yizhou annals. If it is true, Yishui inkstone is the originator of China inkstone system. There are many beauties in later generations: firmness in quality, smoothness in cutting, brilliance in color, clearness in sound, massiness in body and completeness in hiding, all of which are the first in inkstone.

Walking and thinking, I unconsciously returned to the front shop from the backcourt. The shop is not spacious, but it is full of large and small inkstones. The small one is smaller than the fist, and the big one is bigger than the millstone. It symbolizes the dragon inkstone of the Chinese nation, the tortoise inkstone representing good luck and longevity, and hundreds of shapes such as Hulu inkstone, Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea inkstone, the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon inkstone and Ina Noisy inkstone. Frog inkstone, a sketch in inkstone, a lotus leaf rolled slightly, holding a frog, and a few drops of water rolled clearly on the lotus leaf. The frog sits on the ground with its hind legs supported by its front legs. Its eyes are round and its mouth is slightly open, as if it were chirping crisply, with one sound long and one short. Of course, this requires careful listening. Kowloon Great Wall inkstone, a masterpiece in inkstone, specially made a cabinet for this purpose, but in the clouds soaring in the blue sky in Kowloon, the Great Wall winds among the mountains. What is amazing is the skill of fencing, and what we feel is the national spirit. Then the master came back and pointed to the giant inkstone and said to me, "Three inkstone workers worked for a year and twenty days!" " "Unexpectedly, a small workshop, a small wooden frame, and such a masterpiece. Shantou is really hidden among the people! In fact, the masterpiece of the heart is a masterpiece, and the sketch is not a masterpiece, but each has its own advantages and cannot compete with the size.

This square inkstone relies entirely on stone skills and the eyes of inkstone workers, and skillfully uses natural stone eyes on the stone, including flat carving, vertical carving, female carving, male carving and relief carving. It has a history of more than 2,000 years, and integrates the art of calligraphy and painting with traditional culture, forming a unique style of exquisiteness in the south of the Yangtze River and simplicity in the north. I want to take it back, not for calligraphy and painting, but for desk viewing. However, this dazzling array of things makes me see things in a blur and feel at a loss. Besides, the car outside the store has started, and the flute urged me to give up reluctantly. I will definitely come next time, even if it is an inkstone.