"How to Read" Chen Yinque, a professor of the Republic of China in Hong Kong, repeatedly refused the story asked by the Japanese.

194 1 year, Professor Chen Yinque of National Southwest Associated University was awarded the title of researcher by the Royal Society, and received a letter of appointment from a professor of sinology at Oxford University, inviting him to give a lecture on sinology at Oxford University. Oxford University appointed Associate Professor Hughes, a sinologist, as its agent. This is the first time in more than 300 years that Oxford University has hired China scholars as full-time professors. In the face of such courtesy, Chen Yinque politely declined twice. Considering that his wife, Tang Qing, suffers from a serious heart disease, she can't come to Kunming for reunion during her stay in Hong Kong. At the same time, she seized the opportunity to go to England to treat eye diseases, so she agreed to be hired. With the consent of Mei Yiqi, who presided over the affairs of the conference, Chen Yinque came to Hong Kong from Kunming, an exile during the Anti-Japanese War, and prepared to leave. Unexpectedly, the Pearl Harbor incident that shocked the world broke out before it happened.

At 8: 30 am on the day of Pearl Harbor Incident, the Japanese army attacked Hong Kong and Hong Kong Island with tens of thousands of troops from 38 divisions. On June 38+03, Kowloon Peninsula fell, and on the 25th, Hong Kong Island fell. After only 18 days of resistance, the British army collapsed. Du Yang came to Kowloon Peninsula Hotel with a white flag and surrendered to Japanese garrison commander Sakai. 15000 British troops stationed in Hong Kong were captured and the whole island of Hong Kong was occupied by Japanese troops. Subsequently, Japan set up a governor in Hong Kong's base camp to directly manage the occupied territory, with Lieutenant General Iwatani as the "governor" and bound by the commander-in-chief of Japan's "China Dispatching Army".

In view of the dangerous situation that Hong Kong Island has been surrounded by Japanese troops and is about to fall, Chongqing National Government urgently sent a plane to Hong Kong to meet and urge government officials and famous cultural educators stranded in Hong Kong before the war. 65438+February 18, the last plane of AVIC "Empty China Tourist Palace" roared down at Kai Tak Airport. At this time, British Governor Yang has publicly announced his surrender to Japan through radio, and the whole Hong Kong Island is actually under the control of the Japanese army. China government officials and cultural celebrities who haven't had time to leave Hong Kong are facing great disasters, and they have reached a critical moment of life and death.

According to the suggestion of the Ministry of Education of the National Government and the Academia Sinica, Chen Yinque, a "professor" and historian with a history of only 300 years, is well-deserved to be listed as a "hot commodity". Earlier, Zhu Jiahua sent a secret telegram to inform Chen Yinque to get ready and take this opportunity to bring his family back to China. Don't miss this last chance. When Chen Yinque and his family arrived at the airport during the war, he was ruthlessly turned away. Together with Chen Yinque, Mrs Liao, He Xiangning and other KMT elders, Guo Moruo, Mao Dun, the wife of former President of Academia Sinica Cai Yuanpei and other cultural celebrities, the interceptors were Chiang Kai-shek's "second child", the wife of then Vice President and Minister of Finance of the National Government, his daughter, his entourage and a group of bodyguards. They detained him as soon as possible.

At this time, the bombs falling from the sky have exploded around the airport, dust splashed on the fuselage, and smoke covered the entire airport with Mars. Everyone knows that this is the last moment to escape from Hong Kong Island. At this time, I only know that there are four families, the Chiang family dynasty, and I don't know if there is a living party discipline and state law-Miss Kong Er. She calmly ordered her entourage and bodyguards to take all their private, foreign dogs and even private toilets to the engine room and forcibly ordered the area. The ramp of the plane was quickly dismantled, and the "empty palace" slowly moved its heavy body across the runway. Amid shouts, Ross Kong walked straight into the smoky sky/behind him. He let a group of people stand outside the circle, beating their chests and feet sadly in the cold rain and wind, and sighed, "What can I do?" Helpless! "Party officials and cultural celebrities. Miss Kong ordered the plane to leave the airport in less than two hours.

In desperation, Chen Yinque had to return with his family, but he was trapped in his own residence and could not move. He shared the disaster of the war with his family. He needs to find a way to escape from the chaotic and out-of-control gunfire on Hong Kong Island as soon as possible. At that time, Hongkong and Chinese mainland were a trinity, and all traffic, letters, telex and communication were cut off, whether by land, sea or air. All the grain stored in the warehouse in Hong Kong was sealed by the Japanese as munitions. At the same time, schools are closed, shops are closed, food is in short supply everywhere, and the streets and alleys are full of rubbish and old newspapers flying in the cold wind. In the past, the scene of singing and dancing on Hong Kong Island seemed to collapse overnight, shrouded in depression and ruins. The whole of Hong Kong has become an isolated city like a grave. In this chaotic crisis, it is impossible to escape from the island in a short time. The helpless Chen Yinque family began to groan in pain under the iron hoof of the Japanese army, accompanied only by this lonely city and its desperate crowd.

Chen Yinque, who was trapped in Hong Kong Island, suffered the double misfortune of fate and opportunity. Because the school was closed, the grain depot was blocked and the source of money and grain was cut off. Only a little food is needed to maintain the life of a family. Chen is trapped at home and lives in fear. In order to save rations, Tang Qing began to forcibly control his family's diet. Children eat sweet potato roots and skins and feel delicious.

Seeing that the Spring Festival is coming, Chen Yinque's family is also broke. The Japanese army requisitioned the building rented by Chen Yinque's family as a military camp and ordered all residents to move out within a time limit. However, the traffic on the street was blocked, and the Japanese army erected barbed wire at the crossroads and often shot and killed people. Passers-by often fall to the ground and die for no reason. When I heard the news that I would be deported, the whole building panicked. They all felt a disaster and didn't know what to do. Chen Jia's daughter begged her to remember clearly: "In the morning, her mother took a thin cloth with tears in her eyes, wrote down the names of parents and children, the date of birth and the addresses of relatives and friends with a brush, and then sewed it on the big skirt of her 4-year-old sister Mei Yan, fearing that she would be forced to run away from home, hoping that someone with good intentions would take her in." In this case, not only the whole family was soaked, but even the nanny who ran away from home cried. "At a critical moment, Chen Yinque decided not to consider personal safety and risked his life to fight the Japanese army. So he resolutely went downstairs to negotiate with the menacing Japanese army, and finally made the other party agree to extend the time so as to leave an empty gap for the residents. The whole building survived when the army suddenly received an order to go to a new battlefield. The arrogant landlord Chen Jia was deeply moved by the poor professor. He is honest in front of the Japanese army and can negotiate in Japanese.

Just escaped the bad luck of being deported, the night was heavy, and then there were sad cries and tears from the opposite building. The sleeping Han Yi family panicked and listened nervously to what was happening outside. It was not until dawn that the crying gradually subsided. The next day, a neighbor told me that the flower girl family of five upstairs was raped and insulted by Japanese soldiers last night. At this time, Chen Jia's eldest daughter was in junior high school, and her mother Tang Qing caught a cold. She immediately touched the scissors from the side, dragged her to beg, and then jumped. "Hey, click" She cut off her long hair, found out Chen Yinque's old clothes and disguised herself as a man to avoid accidents. Then came the news that Mrs. Cai Yuanpei's house was robbed. Chen Yinque hurried to check, only to find that all the money and things in the finance and trade were robbed. It is said that a group of local lawless elements did it. Mrs. Cai was deeply grieved several times. Chen Yinque wanted to help her, but she was a clay idol crossing the river. She is in danger, so we have to encourage her and relieve her mental pain.

In the days when Chen Yinque couldn't escape and had to struggle to change, she forced herself to get sick, took a towel box, put a book "Chronicle of Yan Li", and leaned against the bed to hold it. This was written by Li Xinchuan, a historian of the Song Dynasty. The suggested name is Zhao Gou, Emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty. Since the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), China has moved from unification to division. The contradiction between war and peace, loyalty and rape, patriotism and treason, resistance and surrender runs through this period. When I read that Bianjing was besieged and surrendered, rumors and bonfires appeared at the same time. Chen used historical facts to prove what he saw and heard that day, but he felt sweaty and his stomach tightened. In the last volume of this book, Chen Yinque postulates: "When I was hungry and cold in Ge Bing, I used this book to eliminate the sunshine, so I finished it in a hurry. Although the previous temple books and school books were far better than this, it was still a quiet reading time at that time. It is better to read this book today. "

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, many people with lofty ideals have adhered to the patriotic deeds of national integrity, which aroused Chen's * * *. Seeing that the Spring Festival is coming, the Japanese military police commander in Hong Kong learned that Chen Yinque is a world-famous scholar, so he proposed a way to appease courtship and let him work for the welfare of Japan. To this end, several gendarmes pulled two bags of rice, which was extremely scarce on Hong Kong Island at that time. Chen Jiate doesn't need to show his talent. Chen Yinque and his wife saw and learned its origin, and tried their best to drag the rice bag indoors. The gendarmes who were ordered to do things stepped back in gibberish, and the Chen couple pulled them out again. So many times, Chen Yinque angrily reprimanded the military police in Japanese and told them that their family would rather starve to death than rice of unknown origin, so the military police stopped fighting and pulled the rice bag back. On New Year's Eve, Chen Yinque's family only drank half a bowl of porridge, and the whole family enjoyed a duck egg. This is an unforgettable Spring Festival.

After the Spring Festival, a student who claimed to be Chen Yinque's old time came to see him and said that he was ordered to teach in Guangzhou or the occupied area of Shanghai, and set aside a large sum of money to build a cultural college for Mr. Chen. Chen Yinque was so angry that he kicked the other person out of the house and said, "You are not my student." . When you calm down and think, you will feel that your situation is getting more and more dangerous. Maybe that day will be forcibly used by Japanese puppet traitors. If you don't want to dance with wolves, you must try to escape from Hong Kong Island. At this time, Zhu Jiahua of Chongqing sent a secret telegram to Macao. Kuomintang underground workers were ordered to inform Chen Yinque that someone would bring money from Macao to Hong Kong one day, and asked Chen Yinque to try to get in touch with others and escape with his family as planned. However, this man went to Hong Kong five times from Macau, but he failed to achieve his goal because of the Japanese army's strict investigation. Chen Yinque saw that the situation was urgent, and the governor could do nothing. With the idea of risking their lives to break through, after some planning and careful dressing, Chen and his family took a small merchant ship 1942 to deliver food on May 5. Under the cover of night, they quietly fled the tomb-like island. When they arrive in Macao, they can meet enthusiastic people. According to Zhu Jiahua's instructions, the receptionist sent 19000 yuan from Academia Sinica and Sino-British Geng Foundation, as well as some funds for fleeing Sichuan. Hungry Chen Yinque got the money. If he gets help from heaven, he will flee to the mainland with his family. First, I took a boat from Macau to Guangzhou Bay, then drove to the mainland and trudged all the way to Guilin, Guangxi in June.

In a letter written to Fu Sinian on June 9, 1942,/kloc-0, Chen Yinque described the pain of fleeing and being displaced with blood and tears: "I can't say a word about the hardships of going home with my family after a narrow escape. It can be inferred from one or two brief descriptions that he has not taken off his shoes for two months, because he knocked at the door to find the "flower girl" and was forced away by Japanese soldiers four times; As for those who don't have enough to eat and don't have enough meat for several months, it is rare for five people to have a duck egg. This is also material pain. In terms of mental pain, there is the temptation of a fake king, his malice, the temptation of counterfeit money with a monthly salary of 1000 yuan from Peking University, the temptation of a traitor of 200,000 votes from the Japanese governor, the temptation to host the East Asian Cultural Association and test textbooks, and so on. Although they were all rejected, it is worrying that they can leave Hong Kong without travel expenses. At that time, the mainland was isolated from the world, and Shanghai and Guangzhou Bay could not communicate, so they were desperate. Suddenly, at the end of April, I got unexpected help. Borrowed several hundred Hong Kong dollars and bought a boat to go to Guangzhou Bay. However, there are still debts to pay. I can't go aboard unless my clothes and shoes are worth the money. I must take my luggage on the plane. My brother and my wife have suffered from heart disease for a long time. All three women are too young to carry heavy objects. Hard to imagine! "

After Chen Yinque fled from the tiger's mouth to Guilin, her mood was like a long cloudy day, and the sky suddenly cleared up. As he said in a letter to his friend Liu Yongji, "My brother lived in Hong Kong for half a year before. After he didn't have enough food, he got help, and then he got rid of his illness. He left the enemy-occupied area for a period of time and returned to the motherland, refreshed. " My brother Chen taught at Wuhan University in Leshan and learned that Naidi didn't eat enemy millet when he was alive. During his stay in Hong Kong, he successfully got rid of the entanglement between the Japanese governor-general and the traitor king of Manchukuo, and made his family escape safely. When he was happy, he was more and more appreciated by people, that is, he wrote a poem "Deng Wendi fled from Hong Kong to Guilin with his family" as a souvenir. There are two lines in the poem: "I don't know you" and "righteous and furious thief"