A touching case of seeking Ruan Ji Ji Kang.

Ruan Ji lost his father at the age of 3, and his family was poor and thrifty. Ruan Ji has the ambition to help the world politically. He once went to Guangwu City to see the Chu-Han battlefield and lamented that "there was no hero at that time, and Li Zi became famous!" At that time, Cao Cao in Ming Di was dead, and Cao Shuang and Sima Yi assisted Cao Fang. The two men are intrigued and the political situation is very sinister. Cao Shuang once called Ruan Ji to join the army, but he resigned due to illness. Ten years ago (249), Cao Shuang was killed by Sima Yi, who was in charge of state affairs. Sima killed dissidents, and many people were implicated. Ruan Ji was politically inclined to the royal family of Cao Wei and was dissatisfied with Sima Group, but at the same time he felt that there was no reason in the world, so he adopted an attitude of not causing trouble and preserving his sanity, or studying behind closed doors, climbing mountains near the water, getting drunk, or keeping his mouth shut. Zhong Hui is Sima's confidant. He has repeatedly asked Ruan Ji about current affairs, but Ruan Ji was exempted on the grounds of drunkenness. Si Mazhao himself has talked with him many times to sound out his political views. He always tries to deal with the past in a profound way, and he doesn't care about people, which makes Si Mazhao have to say that Ruan Sizong is cautious. Si Mazhao also wanted to marry Ruan Ji, who was drunk for 60 days, making it impossible. But in some cases, Ruan Ji was forced by Sima's arrogance and had to perfunctory. He accepted the official position granted by Sima Jia, worked as a lieutenant under Sima Jia's father and son, and worked as a footman and a captain of the infantry, so he was later called "Ruan Infantry". He was also forced to write "Persuade Jinwen" for Si Mazhao's self-styled Gong Jin and prepare wine Xi. Therefore, Sima's attitude towards him was tolerant, and he did not pursue all kinds of frenzied and etiquette violations, and finally died.

Ideologically, Ruan Ji worships Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi. On the one hand, in view of the sinister political situation at that time, he needed to adopt a modest attitude towards life, and Taoist thought could just become his spiritual pillar, on the other hand, it was also influenced by the prevalence of metaphysics at that time. Ruan Ji was also an important figure in metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasties. He wrote two famous papers, On the Old and On the Big Village. However, Ruan Ji is not a pure Taoist, and he does not completely reject Confucianism. For example, in "On Music", he fully affirmed the necessity of "changing customs" of Confucius and the system of rites and music, and thought that "the ceremony should set its image, set its heart, rule its outside, control its inside, make the ceremony and music just, and make the world peaceful".

Ruan Ji's essays all expounded his philosophical thoughts, which comprehensively reflected his thoughts such as On the Old, On Zhuangzi, On Change and On Music. These essays are written in the form of questions and answers, and the protagonists are Ruanzi, Mr. Ruan or Mr. Therefore, from these articles, readers can see the metaphysical image created by the author for themselves. The article pays attention to the logical level of structure, generally takes care of it from beginning to end, demonstrates it step by step, and is good at making abstract and essential analysis, which embodies the progress of thinking mode in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Their language style is simple and solemn, without the decoration of Shang Hua, but slightly parallel.

Ji Kang lost his father when he was young and was raised by his mother and brother. He was smart since he was a child, reading widely and learning various skills. As an adult, he likes reading Taoist works. He is seven feet eight inches long. Rong Zhi is outstanding, but he doesn't pay attention to dressing up. Later, he married Wang Pei Cao Lin's daughter Changle Pavilion and gave birth to a son and a daughter.

Ji Kang is good at music, including piano music "The Wind Into the Pine"; He also wrote four piano pieces: Changqing, Short Qing, Long Side and Short Side, which are collectively called Jishi Four Alleys and Chua's Five Alleys in Cai Yong. Yang Di once regarded playing "Nine Farmers" as a condition for his official career. He also knows calligraphy and painting. Tang regarded cursive script as the second kind at the calligraphy meeting.

Ji Kang advocated Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi and once said, "Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi are my teachers!" , emphasizing the way of health and diet. He advocates the lifestyle of "being famous by teachers and letting nature take its course", and has written "On Health Preservation" to clarify his own way of health preservation. He praised the deeds of ancient hermits' loyalty to virtue, yearned for the life of being born, and was unwilling to be an official. General Si Mazhao wanted to hire him as a shogun, and he went to Hedong County to avoid conquest. A captain in Li Si, Zhong Hui, paid a visit with great ceremony and was given a cold shoulder by him. Dan Tao, one of the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest, once recommended him to be an official. He wrote "Breaking Up with Shan Juyuan", listed his "seven can't" and "two can't", and resolutely refused to be an official. Sima Yu said uncle night "hurt his way".

Lu An's beautiful wife was raped by Lu An's brother Lu Xun. Lu An was very angry and wanted to sue Lu Xun. Ji Kang had contacts with Lu Xun and Lu An brothers, so he advised Lu An not to expose his family's dirty laundry and to clear his name. But Lu Xun was afraid of revenge, so he took the initiative to accuse Lu An of unfilial, and Lu An was arrested by the government. Ji Kang was very angry, so he came forward to testify for Lu An, which angered General Si Mazhao. At this point, Zhong Hui, who had been enemies with Ji Kang, took the opportunity to persuade Si Mazhao to execute Lu An and Ji Kang.

Before Ji Kang's execution, 3,000 Taixue students signed a letter asking Si Mazhao to pardon Ji Kang and let him give lectures in Taixue, but it was not allowed. On the execution ground, Ji Kang took care of the shadow, calmly played Guangling San, sighed "Guangling San is now unique", and then died at the age of forty.

His son, Ji Shao, later a servant of the Jin Dynasty, died to protect Emperor Jinhui in the Eight Kings Rebellion.

The editor of this paragraph introduces Ji Kang's appearance and demeanor, which is the world standard. The Book of Jin said: Kang was lonely early, talented and far away from the crowd. He is seven feet eight inches long, with beautiful writing and graceful demeanor, while civil engineering is a mess and he doesn't decorate himself. People think dragons are elegant and natural. [ 1]

Jikang brick statue

In Rong Zhi, Shi Shuo Xin Yu wrote: Ji Kang is seven feet eight inches long and has a unique charm. Seeing this scene, the audience sighed, "Su, hearty or cloud:" Su Su is like a scattered wind, high and Xu Yin. " Gong Shan said, "Uncle Ji is alone at night. If he is alone, he will be alone." He is drunk, and if Russia is like Yushan, it will collapse. [2] Someone said to Wang Rong: "Ji Yanzu is as outstanding as a wild crane in a flock of chickens. Answer: "You haven't seen his father's ears." "

Dan Tao, a good friend, said, "Standing is like a person, independent; Drunk is like Yushan is going to collapse. " In Ji Kang Biezhuan, my brother Ji Xi boasted that "when you are in a group, he is an extraordinary tool." Ji Kang, on the other hand, has a personality tendency of "building a skeleton and not decorating himself". According to Yan Zhitui's "Yan Family Instructions", at that time, upper-class men advocated female beauty and attached great importance to personal decoration. Before going out, they should not only powder themselves, smoke clothes and shave their beards, but also bring various utensils such as feather fans, feather tails, jade rings and sachets. Ji Kang's "non-self-embellishment" is very independent and unique compared with those delicate writers who are full of powder and light feet.

Wild and willful, Ji Kang is broad-minded and wild, free and lazy. "I often don't wash my hair on January 15, so I can't take a bath by myself" [3], and he lost his father in his childhood, so he often indulged himself. "I have lived for a long time and my feelings are proud." As an adult, after he accepted Laozi and Zhuangzi, he "re-intensified his release efforts, making his heart of glory gradually decline." In laziness and freedom, Ji Kang's wildness and broadmindedness are bred.

Ji Kang was proud of the world when he was young and disdained to treat others with courtesy. Xiang Xiu once described his friendship with Ji Kang as follows: "I have a close relationship with Ji Kang and Lu An. He has no talent for being unruly. However, Lu Zhiyuan is sparse and Lu Xin is relaxed. " [4] Zhong Hui framed Lu An on charges of "debauchery, not destroying the canon".

A clock that despises powerful people will become famous. He is the son of Zhong You, minister of Cao Wei and calligrapher. "Min Hui is successful, but he is rare in talent." He was very successful when he was young. /kloc-at the age of 0/9, he became a secretary, and three years later, he was promoted to business. At the age of 29, he was appointed as Shanhaiguan Hou. But Ji Kang refused to associate with him. But Zhong will admire Ji Kang, who is two years older than him. According to Shi Shuo Xin Yu, Zhong Hui wanted to see Ji Kang after writing Four Theories, but he was afraid that Ji Kang would look down on him. In desperation, he actually "threw it outdoors and went back." [5] After Zhong Hui, a famous anti-Japanese soldier, visited Ji Kang again, Ji Kang ignored it and continued to "strike while the iron is hot" under the big tree in front of his house, no one was watching. Zhong got bored and left angrily. Ji Kang finally spoke at this time. He asked Zhong Hui, "What did you hear?" Zhong Hui replied, "I heard it, saw it and left." Zhong will hold a grudge against this.

Si Mazhao wanted to win over Ji Kang, but Ji Kang tended to be on the royal side in the political struggle at that time and took an uncooperative attitude towards Sima Shi, so he was quite jealous.

Ji Kang, who is hidden in the bamboo forest, returns to nature, is detached from things, is not bound by worldly customs, and cherishes friendship. Ji Kang said in the Biography of Literati that he was "skillful in nature and could forge iron". Ji Kang likes to strike while the iron is hot. The iron shop is under a leafy willow tree in the back garden. He attracted a mountain spring and built a small swimming pool around the willows. Tired of striking while the iron is hot, he jumped into the pool and soaked for a while. The people I met either praised him for his "quiet and refreshing movements" or praised him for his "looseness, lofty and attractive". "Jin Shu Ji Kang Biography" wrote: "Kang lives in poverty and works with Xiang Embroidery while the iron is hot under a big tree to support himself." He strikes while the iron is hot to show that he is "away from the crowd" and despises the world, which is the embodiment of his spiritual characteristics.

Ji Kang is in troubled times, but he advocates Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, emphasizes the way of diet and health care, and has his own health care tips. He believes that people can live a long life because they pay attention to maintaining themselves in a subtle way. This is like "for the crops in the soup world (during the world drought), those who are partial to irrigation will irrigate and then dry up, and the benefits of irrigation cannot be arrogated." The way of keeping in good health is similar to this. The key is to practice yourself bit by bit on weekdays, and not to be hurt by worldly desires, so as to be strong and live longer. But the world is just the opposite. "It is often said that anger is not enough to invade, and sorrow is not enough to hurt the body." This is really "I don't know the benefits of irrigation, but I hope the valley will dry up." Therefore, it is difficult to see a bald man when hearing the news of his early death.

Ji Kang believes that people can live a long life. He said, "as for reasonable guidance and breeding, you can be a thousand years old in the world and a few hundred years old in the next." "But there is no essence in the world, so it can't be obtained." [6] Ji Kang believes that the correct way to maintain health should be: "A gentleman knows the shape and depends on God, and God must exist in shape. If he realizes that his reason is easy to lose, he will know that it will endanger his life. Therefore, practice nature to protect the gods, feel at ease all over, love and hate are not entangled in feelings, worry and joy are not in the heart, indifference and indifference, peace, breathing and breathing, eating for a living, so that the form and spirit are in harmony, and both internal and external cultivation. "