How does the field engineer review the construction drawing?

How does the field engineer review the construction drawing? Here, Zhong Da Consulting Bidding Teacher will answer your questions for your reference.

1. What is the key point for Party A's engineers to look at the drawings?

The focus of Party A's drawing is to control the problems that affect the use function of the products and the psychological problems of customers after delivery. National norms are our bottom line, at least not lower than the requirements of national norms and standards, and will not bring trouble to the company from the contract. Higher requirements come from the psychology of customers. Although it meets the specifications, whether it can meet the needs of a high-end residential customer needs empathy. If I were the owner, what would I think of this part of the design? Would I scold the design or the developer?

The engineer of Party A is the most comprehensive information master. Why? Because, we ask the engineers of Party A to consider the problems from the standpoint of the developer ―― cost, schedule and quality; We should also think about problems from the standpoint of consumers-safety, applicability and comfort; And from the perspective of the construction unit, the construction is convenient, fast and economical. Only the engineers of Party A know best what kind of products they need, and they will not fully understand the construction and design. What our current construction party is most concerned about is that the drawings are clear, with few modifications, and the construction can be carried out according to the drawings. As for the use function and customer psychology, we will never consider too much; At present, designers can make the construction drawings as deep as 80% or 90% at most, and the implementation of details often fails to meet the requirements. "What can be painted may not be done."

What are the functional problems?

1, waterproof methods and practices, most of which will involve basement floor, retaining wall, kitchen, toilet, terrace, balcony and roof, and details will also include waterproof treatment and structure of through-wall pipes, flashing treatment and waterproof structure details of chimney pipes outside the roof, flashing treatment of wall roots of inclined roofs, node treatment of skylight on inclined roofs, etc.

2. The way and path of kitchen exhaust and bathroom exhaust are not handled properly, which may affect the indoor hardcover and facade effect. For example, if the exhaust of Ming bathroom can be changed to side row, the size of indoor tube well may be reduced, which is convenient for customers to play and arrange when decorating bathroom.

3. The influence of landing clear height and steps on use, and read the requirements of strong regulations carefully.

4. The opening mode and direction of doors and windows, and the influence of the setting height of doors and windows on the use.

5, doors and windows hole structure, heat preservation, aluminum alloy doors and windows installation details, window nodes, door nodes must be clear.

6. The height and width of stairs, the clear width of stairs and indoor and outdoor aisles, carefully read the residential design code, what is the bottom limit and what is the comfort measure? You should know clearly before checking the drawings.

7, dew, balcony drainage function, because this has a lot to do with the building facade, generally controlled by civil engineers, HVAC engineers for technical support.

8. The relationship between the positioning and elevation of gutter and downpipe.

9. The height of stair railings and exposed balcony railings, and the height and position requirements of pedals.

10, the influence of local height of sloping roof on vision and psychology.

1 1, the influence of window opening elevation on vision and use psychology. According to experience, the elevation of the upper opening of the window is generally lower than 2.2 meters, which gives people the feeling that the grade of the house is not high because it will make people feel depressed.

12, the influence of the height of the windowsill on the visual and psychological use, this part often has problems at the junction of the root of the first-floor slightly inclined roof and the second-floor windowsill wall. When looking at the picture, you need to know the thickness of the roof structure, the height of the windowsill line or waist line, and then you know how high the windowsill should be to meet the requirements of the facade. Sometimes you will find that the height of the window sill is too high after meeting the facade requirements (for example, the height of 1 ~ 1.2 meters), and the indoor feeling is very uncomfortable. This is the fundamental reason why the slope of the large inclined roof on the second floor of the Blue Mountain model area is 1:3, and the slope of the small inclined roof on the first floor can only be 1:4. The elevation of the window opening is similar to the thickness of the cornice shape.

13. The influence of the position of fan coil and horizontal pipe on hardcover and room clear height can only be realized through a perfect secondary design, and this secondary design and curing work should be carried out before the construction of the main structure, so as to ensure the unification of the embedded installation in the main stage and the later implementation plan. This deepening design has a lot to do with electrical control and power point. Don't forget the electrical specialty after the deepening of HVAC.

14. On the premise of ensuring the normal operation of the system, the HVAC pipes should be arranged in the tube well as much as possible, and the exposed risers should be reduced. If it is really impossible to avoid the exposed riser, it should be controlled in the indoor secondary space (in Longhu delivery standard, the appearance of bedroom, living room and exposed riser is generally eliminated).

15, the influence of switch, panel, distribution box and visual intercom settings on hardcover and customer use. For example, two architectural professional factors need to be considered when setting up a visual intercom door machine, namely, the opening direction of the entrance door and the width of the door leaf, otherwise it will be in big trouble to set the visual intercom behind the door leaf. Therefore, before the main body construction, it is necessary to clarify the opening direction and fan width of the entrance door to the electrical specialty again.

16, review of lighting arrangement points on the facade. Exterior facade lamps are generally arranged in the middle of the facade and columns on both sides of the entrance to the porch and facade. In addition to the requirement that electrical appliances need to embed pipes in the structure, civil engineers should also clearly understand the data such as line width, insulation thickness and construction thickness of decorative layers at the entrance. The position of the wall lamp should be confirmed by the civil and electrical engineers in each house, and never give the "principle" to the electrical engineer.

Second, the main points of civil engineering drawing

1, the relationship between the elevation of each entrance of the building and the actual environmental elevation in the general plan.

2, garage entrance slope calculation, entrance clear height calculation.

3. The unity of building facade, details and structural design. (Case: the thickness of four rows of eaves and the structure of four rows of small roofs on one floor do not match the building).

4. The relationship between partition positioning and upper and lower beams.

5. The relationship between waterproof elevation and position of basement retaining wall and actual environment cannot be theorized. The general layout design of the building comes first, and the landscape design comes last. Architectural design generally does not consider the change of landscape elevation.

6. Check the current beams and columns of the main room to see if the ceiling structure of the main room is flat. It is best to make a block of construction drawing and overlay it on the electronic document of construction drawing for comparison, or use sulfuric acid paper masking method.

7. Check the floor elevation: Is the height range of the construction drawing and the construction drawing target consistent and accurate? For example:

Are the elevation and plane positioning of the sinking part between sanitary buildings in the construction drawing consistent with the construction and the relationship with pipeline installation?

Does the sinking elevation of structural slab of terrace and balcony meet the requirements of structural height difference in architectural practice?

Is the expression of the initial elevation of stairs in heating area accurate?

8. Check the elevation and structure of the inclined roof, especially the calculation of the slope and elevation of complex nodes, and pay attention to the relationship between the elevation of the top of the inclined roof in the middle layer and the elevation of the window sill, as well as the relationship between the structural height required by the tile roof.

9, building doors and windows hole elevation and plane positioning and structure is contradictory?

10, does the clear width and clear height of stair steps violate the requirements of "Strong Code" and residential design code?

1 1. Does the design height and treadable surface of the railing violate the "strong rules"?

12. Does the facade structure contradict the architectural modeling?

13. Pay special attention to the interface closure between different decoration materials, which is generally ignored in the design. Without node details, the construction team will handle it by experience, which will lead to various treatment methods and practices for the same part of the same apartment, and Party A and the design must be clear and unified in practice.

14, pay attention to the change of exposed section of external wall column between high and low inclined roofs.

15. The focus on detail nodes is mainly the feasibility consideration. Many nodes in the design are drawn, and we don't know how to do it. We and the construction unit should fully consider the details of this node from the aspects of materials, processes and procedures. If there is a problem, how to improve it must have supplementary drawings, which cannot be described orally or in words.

Third, the installation of professional

1, HVAC major is the key. In addition to the construction blueprint, the location of the coil arrangement and the direction of the pipeline must require the construction party to complete a more detailed solidification diagram of each apartment before entering the site, such as the accurate positioning of the pipeline, the accurate positioning of the coil, and the accurate positioning of the reserved holes that need to cooperate with the wall after civil construction.

2. The coordination between the coil positioning diagram and the reserved junction box of electrical specialty also needs to be solidified.

3, the direction of the central vacuum pipeline, reserved embedded.

4, indoor infrared scanning positioning can fully meet the needs of fortification, the opinions of the property.

5. Pay attention to the relationship between the pipeline installation route and the buildings and structures, and the civil engineer shall cooperate to review the design drawings.

6. Electrical major: redraft the configuration standard and reduce the number of rooms; Determine the position and size of embedded boxes of various visual intercom, distribution box, multimedia box and other equipment; Check the positioning of air conditioning power supply and control; Cooperate with civil engineering specialty to check the positioning of exterior wall lights on the facade.

7. HVAC major: reduce the number of rooms; Optimize the pipeline layout, determine the pipeline elevation, define the size of each tube well, draw the schematic diagram of the pipeline layout of the tube well, and guide the design reservation; Clear the location of distribution manifold, water meter and gas meter; Clear the host positioning; Clean up the bathroom that can be used as a side row.

Fourth, how to deal with such a large amount of drawing review?

Front! Only by doing a good job first and completing most of the drawing review before a large number of projects are launched can this be done well.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) drawing test results

Exercise list (exercises and details of each part)

Installation and curing diagram, especially the installation and curing diagram of air conditioner.

Structure reserved and embedded drawing (all holes)

Curing diagram of secondary structure

In addition, the electromechanical comprehensive map and the municipal comprehensive map also need to be drawn separately, which may be done in the later part, but in principle they will be completed in the structural construction stage.

The second part: the main points of HVAC, municipal and electrical drawing.

1, whether the direction of municipal small pipeline conflicts with building foundation and external wall, including plane and elevation. (There are many contradictions in the design of Luan Lanshan municipal pipeline and landscape retaining wall)

2. Whether the absolute elevation between the general contractors is completely consistent, because the municipal government is a unified absolute elevation. If there is an error in the absolute elevation of the general contractor, there will also be an error in the absolute elevation of outdoor rain and sewage between the general contractors. (The probability of this situation is very small, but if the error is large, if the elevation of the municipal pipeline itself cannot be adjusted, the problem will be serious. )

3. The municipal pipeline layout should be designed in detail, so as to avoid making adjustments to the pipeline layout in the construction process, and the time is too late.

4. Whether the route of the municipal system is consistent with the scope of house delivery by stages, and whether the system in the area where the house is delivered first can be connected with the peripheral municipalities when the house is delivered.

5, HVAC, water supply and drainage system form, configuration, pipeline direction.

6, external walls, beams and other main structural walls need to reserve holes (check with structural drawings).

7. Location of reserved hole in secondary wall (check with architectural drawings).

8. Small towns should be deepened.

9. How many large systems are there in the electromechanical specialty of this project? How many subsystems does each large system include?

10. Briefly describe the general situation, key points and difficulties of each system. As the first supervisor of the system, briefly describe your own implementation plan.

1 1. How are the construction and supply subcontracts of various systems stipulated in the contract system? List of Party A, Party B and Party A in each system? Supply plan?

12, describing the demarcation point of electromechanical, electromechanical and civil disciplines.

13. This paper introduces the file management of construction drawings, changes, negotiations and deepening drawings of electromechanical specialty, especially the design of comprehensive drawings of electromechanical pipelines.

14. Up to now, every system may have problems or hidden dangers.

15. Describe the demarcation points of electromechanical, electromechanical and civil disciplines. It is necessary to define the management boundary between professional engineers. In the later construction process, if there is a tendency to rework or omit projects due to poor professional cooperation, we should find and inform the work projects completed across disciplines in the drawings, and form * * * knowledge among engineers.

16, the design standard and delivery standard of drawings should be analyzed, focusing on the interior, so that we can know fairly well and tell other engineers that we can control them together, which is conducive to strengthening the pre-control of the construction process and reducing the later rectification.

17. verify whether the setting of the professional room is reasonable, such as whether the size of the fire door in the power distribution room can meet the transportation width of the equipment, whether the ventilation in the machine room meets or exceeds the design requirements, and whether the pipeline direction in the machine room affects the equipment installation.

18. Landscape and municipal drawings are planned by professional engineers. At this stage, it is determined that one person will take the lead and the electromechanical center will participate. From this stage on, it will be promoted as a special topic on a regular basis.

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