TRIZ40 Invention Principles

Examples of invention principles

1 Segmentation

1) The train carriages are separate entities, and the number of carriages can be adjusted

2 ) The pen core and pen cover of the ballpoint pen are two separable parts, and the pen core can be replaced

3) The three blades of the electric fan are three independent entities and can be disassembled

4) The watering pipe system in the field is connected with a joint for each section.

5) The chains of bicycles, motorcycles, etc. are connected one by one, and each link can be removed

2 Separation

1 ) In petroleum processing, some oil residues or other harmful substances are refined and separated to obtain gasoline or diesel with high precision.

2) After the bullet is fired, the core and the shell are separated

3) The computer keyboard and mouse are separated to facilitate people's operation

4 )The rocket disintegrates and separates the parts that have burned out the fuel during the process of exiting the atmosphere

5) The sound insulation materials currently used in buildings absorb or isolate the noise, so that the noise is separated from where we are Environment

3 Local quality

1) One side of the hammer is made flat and the other side is flat, which increases the cutting function of the hammer (special hammer for quarries).

2) Automatic pen. Make a pair of ears on the pen core and add a spring.

3) The drill bit of the electric drill is made into a spiral shape, which increases the stability when drilling and prevents slipping.

4) The computer mouse in three-button mode has changed the trouble of the original single button. and inconvenience.

5) Change the opening of the cup and make a cut on it to prevent leakage to the greatest extent when pouring water (the same is true for the mouth of the thermos bottle)

4 Asymmetry

1) The zipper on the clothes has a pull on one side and no zipper on the other side.

2) The blades of electric fans

3) Mobile phones with antennas are asymmetrical

4) The sword is asymmetrical when viewed from the side

5) The two lenses of glasses have different powers due to different degrees of myopia in human eyes

5 Merge

1) Merge each carriage of the train together to increase the number of passengers .

2) The microphone and receiver of the phone are combined in a box, which makes it easier for people to free up one hand to do other things when making calls.

3) The troughs for feeding livestock on the farm are connected together, which can save feeding time and improve efficiency.

4) Connect multiple indoor switches in series and use a switch.

5) Add a backrest to the stool, and the two merge into a chair

6 Versatility

1) The keyboard can be used for typing or typing game.

2) Multifunctional mobile phone

3) Swiss Army Knife (with more than fifty functions)

4) MP3 can not only listen to music, but also Can store data.

5) Today’s printers integrate printing and copying

7 sets

1) Ink, pen refills and pen covers are set together

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2) The indoor antenna of the TV

3) The handle of the umbrella

4) The thermos cup and thermos bottle are also made of the set principle

5) Fire trucks and cranes

8 Mass compensation

1) Hovercraft is filled with air to make the boat float.

2) Hydraulic jack

3) Submarines use discharged water to achieve lift

4) Kites use the upward lift of the wind to rise into the air

5) Filling the balloon with hydrogen (instead of air) can make the balloon float

9 Preload reaction

1) Parachute

2) After pressing the button on the mobile phone, it can automatically return to its original position

3) Car shock absorber

4) The boat uses the reaction force (buoyancy) of the water on the boat

5) Children’s trampoline uses reaction force to bounce children up

10 Pre-operations

1) Opening of cans

2) Injection Medicines are placed in fixed bottles according to quantity and type, and labeled.

3) The cutouts in the food bags make it easier for people to tear them apart

4) When printing, format the content to be printed first

5) Before typing, turn on the computer Open

11 Pre-compensation

1) Washing machines, microwave ovens, etc. cannot operate before the hatch door is closed to ensure safety.

2) The soft leather cover on the thermos cup can prevent the quilt from slipping or burning your hands

3) The bumper in front of the motorcycle can prevent damage to the car when it slips

4) Aircraft landing gear has three landing modes (automatic, mechanical, manual), the latter two are compensations for the former method

5) Motorcycles have a ignition start and kick start There are two types of automatic start, which compensate each other.

12 Equipotentiality

1) The chair takes up more space and is designed as a folding chair

2) In the current public transportation system, it is advocated to use bus doors The bottom is level with the ground of the bus shelter, making it convenient for people with disabilities to get on and off the bus

3) Some doors make it difficult for people to figure out whether to push or pull. In such cases, they can be designed as sliding doors

4 ) Inflator for blowing up balloons

5) The desktop fan can rotate and blow to people in different directions

13 Reverse

1) Basketball. When playing ball, the ball bounces using the reaction force of the ground

2) The elevator moves but the person does not move. It has changed the difficulty of climbing stairs without making people laborious.

3) A handheld machine for installing screws. Forward rotation is for installation and reverse rotation is for disassembly.

4) The refrigerator uses the heat in the absorption box to cool down

5) A booster is used for racing at sports events. Athletes use its reaction force on their feet to increase acceleration.

14 Curved surface

1) The roller coaster uses the centripetal force generated by the sharp curved motion to prevent it from falling.

2) The cup is designed in a cylindrical shape, which has a larger capacity and is easier to hold than other shapes.

3) The wheels are all round

4) The surface of the wheel has uneven textures to increase friction

5) Screws and nuts The spiral connection is used to increase the bonding force and stability

15 Dynamic

1) The electric bell used in school. When it is time to finish class or start class, the small hammer vibrates to hit the bell.

2) The footage of the 100-meter race was captured by a tracking camera next to the track.

3) The lights on the stage can automatically rotate and change the illumination position to produce different lighting effects.

4) There is a tray under the computer monitor, which can adjust the position and direction of the computer.

5) Stairs become elevators after automation

16 Functions not met or exceeded

1) Although the washing machine has washed the clothes, the clothes are still If it is wet, it needs to be dried in the sun

2) The shooting effect of the camera is not ideal, and it needs to be processed on a computer or special equipment, such as processing the captured video in film and television production software.

3) Use heat to boil water quickly. Although there is a reminder device after boiling, it is useless if no one is around.

4) The buttons on the TV were inconvenient, so people invented the remote control.

5) The maximum speed of a car exceeds people's normal adjustment under normal physiological and psychological conditions, so generally people cannot reach this speed when driving.

17 Dimensional changes

1) Keyboard operations are performed on the horizontal plane, but the results appear on the display screen on the vertical plane.

2) Periscope on the submarine

3) Double bed in the school, double-layered, vertically distributed. Generally, double beds save space.

4) Adjustable tilt table

5) Adjustable bookshelf, the number of shelves can be adjusted.

18 Vibration

1) Vibration of mobile phones

2) Fat-removing machines currently on the market are popular for weight loss.

3) The electric bell strikes the outer bell shell with the vibration of the small hammer to make a ringing sound

4) Electromagnetic vibrating medical equipment

5) Used for mineral processing The screening machine removes unwanted materials through a vibrating screen, leaving behind the ore.

19 Periodicity

1) The alarm on your mobile phone will ring once at a fixed time every day (i.e. after 24 hours).

2) The phone ring is periodic

3) The swing of the clock is periodic (although there is a slight error)

4) Satellites revolve around the earth The time is fixed, so it is also cyclical.

5) The beverage filling production line fills a bottle of beverage at intervals to ensure that the next bottle is delivered in time.

20 Continuity of Effective Function

1) In order to ensure the timely evacuation and convenience of customers, supermarket elevators work continuously.

2) The beer and beverage production line must work continuously to ensure enterprise efficiency.

3) Solar water heaters convert solar energy into electrical energy to heat water, so they can be used even when there is no sun.

4) Wheel rolling replaces other smooth movements and is used on cars or other equipment.

5) After the alarm is sounded when encountering a situation, it will continue to sound until people hear it.

21 Emergency Operation

1) The rocket rushes out of the atmosphere at high speed.

2) When steaming steamed buns, the best way to open the lid after the buns are cooked is to quickly open the lid to prevent burns.

3) Oxygen masks in plane crashes

4) The scalpel should be sharp to help the operation be completed as quickly as possible and reduce blood loss.

5) Fire fighting must be rapid to reduce casualties and property losses

22 Turn harmful into beneficial

1) Recycle used beverage bottles, wine bottles, etc. Disinfect and reuse to reduce waste and pollution.

2) Electrolyze seawater to produce metal, and the chlorine gas produced is recycled to make disinfectant.

3) Use ocean tides to generate electricity

4) Use coal slag from thermal power plants for construction supplies.

5) Use waste straw, manure, etc. to make biogas

23 Feedback

1) There are many examples of feedback in computers. For example, when deleting files, Do you want to delete the reminder?

2) There are speed and fuel gauges on the front of the car to provide timely feedback of useful information.

3) The feedback from the mobile phone is better than the phone, with sound reminders and screen feedback.

4) When the water is hot enough, a sound reminder will sound after boiling it.

5) The feedback system of the spacecraft reports everything inside and outside the ship to the ground receiving device.

24 Intermediaries

1) Electricity spreads through wires, and changing the material and size of the epilepsy will help reduce the consumption of electrical energy.

2) People can go from one place to another with the help of cars, airplanes...

3) Bullets are fired with the help of pistols, so the design of the gun helps to improve shooting accuracy.

4) Telephones realize sound transmission

5) In order to protect food from deterioration, use refrigerators to freeze food.

25 Self-service

1) If the car is designed to use solar energy as energy, then the car can provide energy to itself.

2) When the rocket rushes out of the atmosphere, after each section of fuel is used up, the casing will automatically disintegrate and fall back to the ground

3) Install a phone on it The message system can record useful information in the absence of the owner.

4) Submarines can make their own fresh water to realize self-supply of fresh water

5) If the computer was shut down illegally before, it will self-detect and repair when it is turned on.

26 Copy

1) Astronauts must train in the simulation cabin for a long time before officially setting off.

2) The programs broadcast in movies and TV are simulated copies of the actual situation

3) Water is used instead of the newly used scalpels, which makes disinfection easy and convenient, and reduces blood retention .

4) Use plastic instead of steel or glass in buildings and furniture

5) Use petroleum products instead of grain to make wine; use water instead of petroleum to make automobile fuel

27 Replace expensive, durable objects with low-cost, non-durable objects

1) Use plastic-coated cardboard instead of wood to make furniture (disposable products)

2) Use Use foam instead of iron or other materials to make meal boxes

3) Use plastic as materials to make daily necessities such as face plates and teapots

4) Use disposable plastic bottles instead of glass bottles to hold drinks

5) Disposable paper cups or plastic cups

28 Replacement of mechanical systems

1) Making the stairs move becomes an elevator

2) Sensor street lights on the road will automatically turn on when it gets dark enough.

3) Children's magnet writing tablet

4) Printer toner cartridge

5) Self-sounding kettle, which reminds people by beeping that the water is boiling.

29 Pneumatic and hydraulic structure

1) SYY-A pneumatic and hydraulic PLC comprehensive control test bench, which integrates pneumatic control technology, hydraulic transmission control technology and PLC programmable controller control technology An ideal comprehensive experimental equipment.

2) Pneumatic and hydraulic devices are used inside the pneumatic industrial intelligent marking machine

3) Pneumatic and hydraulic explosion-proof solenoid valves

4) Hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders: starting motor, gear The pump is driven by the electric motor, and the two meshing gears in the pump body rotate. The volume of the oil suction chamber continues to increase, forming a partial vacuum, resulting in oil suction. The hydraulic oil in the tank enters the pump from the oil suction chamber under the action of atmospheric pressure. As the gear rotates, the hydraulic oil gradually enters the sealed pressure oil chamber, causing the pressure oil chamber to continuously shrink, thus forming a hydraulic effect, which presses the hydraulic oil out of the pump. The pressed hydraulic oil enters the reversing pump through the pipeline. Valve, operate the control rod to make the hydraulic oil flow in a directional direction. The hydraulic oil enters the oil cylinder through the pipe along the distribution direction. The continuous flow of hydraulic oil causes the piston in the oil cylinder to bear huge pressure and pushes the push rod to move linearly.

5) The excavator arm adopts hydraulic and pneumatic devices to achieve flexible expansion and contraction.

30 Flexible shells and films

1) Use plastic films in greenhouses

2) Use plastic bottles or paper cups instead of glass to contain water or drinks

3) Turf on the football field

4) Amorphous silicon flexible thin film solar cells have changed the shape of previous solar cells. Due to their own flexibility, they can be lined with Connected to other flexible objects such as plastics, textiles, and rigid objects such as metals, buildings, and other stationary or moving objects.

5) Film lighting (light touch type, waterproof type, etc.), used in smart products such as mobile phones and computers

31 Porous materials

1) Fiber

2) Wood

3) Briquettes

4) Sound-absorbing panels made of plant fiber as raw materials are used to solve the sound insulation problem of buildings. Thereby eliminating the noise.

5) Resistive silencers mainly use porous sound-absorbing materials to reduce noise and are used as silencers for pistols.

32 Change color

1) There are special additives in the fluorescent rod. When the rod is bent, it emits bright light.

2) There are many buttons inside the cab, using different colors to remind people of different operations and the importance of the operations. (For example, red represents important and dangerous operations)

3) The design of life jackets generally uses bright colors or colors with fluorescent components to attract people's attention.

4) In hotels or restaurants, using green or other natural colors gives people a sense of returning to nature and improves people's dining environment.

5) Add special ingredients to the glass to make special colored glass, so that people can see the outside from the inside but cannot see the inside from the outside. Increase privacy.

33 Homogeneity

1) The power socket and plug have metal conductors of the same material inside. To ensure safety, the same insulation material is used on the outside.

2) Computer screens are often equipped with a protective screen to protect eyesight. In order to ensure that it does not affect viewing, the same transparent material as the display screen is used, but some elements and ingredients to protect eyesight are added inside.

3) Screws and nuts are made of steel to ensure durability and stability.

4) Bicycle brakes are made of bicycle brakes to ensure friction and are not easy to wear. The brake material is similar to the wheel.

5) Table and chair combinations, in order to ensure the beauty of the overall effect, generally use the same kind of materials, use the same technology, and have good matching.

3) Recycle glass fragments into new glass for reuse

4) Use disposable chopsticks to make paper

5) Destroy Dianchi Lake after use , otherwise it will cause pollution

35 Parameter changes

1) Change some characteristics and components of the bicycle to become a folding bicycle

2) Use magnesium salt whiskers as A composite material made of glass fiber-reinforced plastic whose main component is added with a small amount of glass fiber and resin slurry. Its performance is greatly enhanced, and it is more stable and hard than ordinary plastics. It is used to make one-time molded chairs, etc.

3) After the temperature is lowered to a certain state, the storage time of things is greatly extended. The original purpose of refrigerator design is based on this.

4) Add a little chlorine to tap water for disinfection. When the chlorine content is increased, it becomes a disinfectant.

5) Solid glue is easier to carry than liquid glue.

36 State changes

1) Use the heat absorbed by melting ice to freeze items

2) Obtain light source through the burning process of candles

3) The humidifier uses the evaporation of water to reduce the dryness in the room

4) The thermometer uses the thermal expansion and contraction of mercury to achieve temperature counting

5) The shock absorber uses the expansion and contraction of the spring to achieve Shock Absorption

37 Thermal Expansion

1) The hot air balloon rises to the sky through thermal expansion (the Kongming Lantern also uses the principle of thermal expansion)

2) When connecting plastic water pipes, first After the water pipe joint is heated and expanded, it is plugged in and then cold-shrunk.

3) Use thermal expansion to restore the flat table tennis ball to its original shape

4) Fire sprinkler head

5) Thermometer uses the thermal expansion and contraction of mercury to achieve temperature counting

38 Accelerate strong oxidation

1) The strong oxidation gun in steelmaking provides pure oxygen to the coke to fully burn it and increase the steelmaking temperature.

2) The blower uses air flow to enhance the input of oxygen, making combustion more complete.

3) Multi-functional accelerated oxidation propeller. The tank is equipped with a deaerator, temperature-controlled heater or steam heating. The lower conduit is connected to the accelerator pump, the pump outlet conduit is connected to the air suction device, the middle conduit is connected to the deaerator, and the upper part of the small conduit is introduced from the outer conduit in the middle. There are small holes drilled under the conduit, there are steel chips blue on the upper part, and there are steam inlets and water inlets at the outer conduit in the middle. There is an air purifier connected to the air suction device, an opening at the top of the tank, a manhole, a thin grate, an opening at the bottom, a manhole in the middle, a sampling port at the bottom, and an external internal water level gauge. The water is heated and pumped in from the lower deaerator. The middle deaerator and the upper duct flush downward, continuously accelerating the circulation and bringing in air to achieve a combination of physical and chemical advancement of the oxidation reaction.

4) Refining of diesel. One is to use catalytic oxidation reaction to accelerate the oxidation of non-hydrocarbon compounds containing S, N, and O in diesel fuel that are easily oxidized to form insoluble matter.

5) Biological contact oxidation method cleans microorganisms and other harmful elements in sewage, thereby purifying sewage. Its characteristic is that fillers are set up in the pool, and the bottom of the pool is aerated to oxygenate the sewage and keep the sewage in the pool in a flowing state to ensure full contact between the sewage and the fillers in the sewage and avoid biological contact. Insufficient contact between the sewage and the fillers in the oxidation pool average defects.

39 Inert environment

1) The inside of the bulb is vacuum to ensure that the tungsten filament will not be oxidized.

2) The electrolysis of NaOH to produce sodium can only be completed in an inert environment

3) Among the methods of preserving fish, there are vacuum packaging, deoxidizer packaging, carbon dioxide filling packaging, etc. . These methods can effectively inhibit bacterial proliferation and prevent lipid oxidation.

4) The neon lamp glass tube is filled with inert gas, and a certain voltage is applied to the cathode and anode electrodes made of metal at both ends of the lamp tube to achieve gas discharge.

5) The high-pressure sodium lamp is a new type of electric light source with high luminous efficiency. Its efficiency can be as high as 100lm/w. It has a discharge tube made of special glass in the glass shell, and the tube is filled with Appropriate amounts of sodium, mercury droplets and inert gas achieve high-voltage discharge and luminescence in this environment.

40 Composite materials

1) There are many types of plastics, most of which are composite materials. For example, glass fiber reinforced plastic is used in the design of one-time molded chairs

2) Plywood for furniture (desks and chairs in classrooms)

3) Flooring, marble and other construction supplies Many are also composite materials

4) Synthetic rubber (car wheels)

5) Briquettes are also made from a mixture of coal and clay