Gift to Wang Lun’s ancient poems_Gift to Wang Lun and Li Bai

Presented to Wang Lun

Li Bai of Tang Dynasty

Li Bai was about to travel in a boat.

Suddenly he heard singing on the shore.

The Peach Blossom Pond is a thousand feet deep,

It is not as good as Wang Lun’s gift to me.

Notes:

1. Ta Ge: a folk song that is sung while walking and beats with footsteps. Later, it also referred to chanting, that is, walking and singing.

2. Peach Blossom Pond: one hundred miles southwest of Jing County, Anhui Province.

3. A thousand feet deep: The poet used the metaphor of a pond a thousand feet deep to describe the friendship between Wang Lun and him. He used an exaggerated technique (the pond a thousand feet deep is not a real thing) to describe the deep friendship, which is very touching.

Poetry:

I was about to go on a long journey in a boat, and suddenly I heard someone walking and singing to the beat of the ground on the shore to see me off.

Although the Peach Blossom Pond is a thousand feet deep, it is not as profound as the friendship Wang Lun gave me.

Appreciation:

Li Bai’s hundreds of poems about drinking wine, he will spend his life traveling to famous mountains. According to Yuan Mei's "Supplement to Suiyuan Poems": Wang Lun, a stranger he had never met, wrote to Li Bai, inviting him to travel to Jingxian County (now Wannan, Anhui). The letter wrote enthusiastically: Sir, how do you like traveling? There are ten miles of peach blossoms here. Would you like to drink, sir? There are thousands of hotels here. Li Bai went happily. I saw that Wang Lun was a powerful man from Jingchuan. He was hospitable, suave and unruly. Then I asked where the Taoyuan restaurant was? Wang Lun said: Peach Blossom is the name of the pond, but there is no Peach Blossom; Wanjia, the owner of the shop is named Wanye, and there is no Wanjia hotel. Li Bai laughed. I stayed for a few days to leave. Before leaving, I wrote the above poem to say goodbye.

Obviously, this poem was recited by Li Bai impromptu, and it was so natural and wonderful that it has always been recited. However, because it is as natural as life, people often know its beauty but do not know why. There are some comments from later generations of poets on the third or fourth lines of the poem. The first two lines are a colloquial and straightforward narrative, and it is difficult to explain why. In fact, considering the above background, the first two sentences are also extremely successful.

Li Bai is about to leave by boat, which means that I am about to leave Peach Blossom Pond by boat. The spoken words simply flowed out smoothly without thinking, showing the cool demeanor of coming in for fun and returning after being exhausted.

The word "suddenly heard singing" on the shore indicates that Wang Lun's arrival was indeed unexpected. He heard the voice before anyone arrived. From the warm and hearty singing, Li Bai guessed that it must be Wang Lun who came to see him off.

This kind of farewell shows that the two friends Li Bai and Wang Lun are both informal, happy and free people. In remote mountain villages, there was no such cumbersome etiquette from the upper class to welcome guests. It seemed that Wang Lun was not at home when Li Bai left. When Wang Lun came back and learned that Li Bai was gone, he immediately rushed to Dutou with wine to say goodbye. Although Li Bai left without saying goodbye, he was free and uninhibited and did not pay attention to politeness; Wang Lun, who sang and said goodbye, was also bold and enthusiastic, and did not behave like a son or daughter. In just fourteen words, the two people's optimistic personalities and the informal friendship between them are described.

Perhaps it was because of the similarity in their thoughts and temperaments that Li Bai was of the same tune and cherished Wang Lun's friendship. Feeling moved by love, he looked at the beautiful Peach Blossom Pond in front of him and chanted affectionately:

The Peach Blossom Pond is a thousand feet deep, not as deep as Wang Lun's gift of love to me.

Combined with this time, this place, this feeling and this scene, these two lines of poems are like blurting out, and the emotions are sincere and natural. Using the depth of water as an analogy to the depth of human emotions is a commonly used way of writing by poets. For example, it is possible to say that Wang Lun's friendship is as deep as a pool of water, but it seems general and has a bit of a poetic flavor. The way it is written now is like two friends saying goodbye on the boat, one urging you to drink another glass of wine, and the other drinking one glass after another. Li Baijiu was full of passion and spirit. He raised his glass and said to the flowing water at his feet: Peach Blossom Pond, don't tell me how deep your friendship is, but it is not as deep as Wang Lun's friendship! The spoken language and the foreground have a kind of innocence and naturalness, which vaguely makes people see the bold and uninhibited personality of the great poet. Therefore, Shen Deqian, a native of the Qing Dynasty, said: If Wang Lun's feelings are compared to a thousand feet of pond water, it is just ordinary language. The wonderful state only lasts for a moment.

When ancient people wrote poems, they generally tabooed using names directly in poems because they thought it was tasteless. However, this poem begins by calling his name and ends by calling the other person's name. On the contrary, it seems sincere, friendly, free and easy, and full of affection.

Hibiscus emerges from clear water, and the carvings are naturally removed. Later generations like to use Li Bai's words to evaluate Li Bai's poems, which is very insightful. It is true that Li Bai composes poems impromptuly and speaks them in a coherent manner, which seems effortless. He is emotionally unrestrained, expresses his feelings directly, is innocent and natural, without any pretense, and has a kind of unexpected beauty. It seems ordinary but also strange. As the saying goes, it turns out to be ordinary when it is extremely dazzling. This kind of skill is extremely difficult to learn. The above poem "To Wang Lun" embodies Li Bai's natural and superb poetic style.

The tradition of Chinese poetry advocates implicitness. For example, Yan Yu, a poetry critic in the Song Dynasty, proposed four taboos in poetry: direct language and shallow meaning. The pulse should not be exposed and the taste should not be short. Shi Buhua, a native of the Qing Dynasty, also said that poetry should avoid direct and noble music. However, the expression characteristics of the above-mentioned Li Bai poem are: frank, direct and rarely implicit. His words are direct, his pulse is revealing, his meaning is not shallow, and his taste is stronger. He is direct and emotional, and his true feelings flow out from his soul, so he is very artistically appealing. It can be seen that the literary phenomenon is complex. Artistic techniques are also diverse and cannot be settled into uniformity. A gift to Wang Lun's poetry

A gift to Wang Lun's poetry

"A gift to Wang Lun"

Author: Li Bai

Original text:

Li Bai was about to set off in a boat when he suddenly heard singing on the shore.

The water in Peach Blossom Pond is a thousand feet deep, and it is not as deep as Wang Lun’s gift to me.

Notes:

1. Wang Lun: The friend Li Bai met in Peach Blossom Pond had a very forthright character. This song was given to him.

2. Taoge: While singing, tap the time with your feet.

3. Taohuatan: The name of the water pool, located in the southwest of Jingxian County, Anhui Province today.

Poetic:

Li Bai was about to go on a long journey in a boat.

Suddenly he heard the footsteps of people walking on the shore.

Someone was singing as they walked. Come see me off.

Even if the Peach Blossom Pond is a thousand feet deep,

it cannot be as profound as the friendship Wang Lun gave me.

Appreciation:

The traditional Chinese poetry advocates implicitness. Yan Yu, a poetry critic in the Song Dynasty, proposed four taboos in poetry: direct language and shallow meaning. The pulse should not be exposed and the taste should not be short. Shi Buhua, a native of the Qing Dynasty, also said that poetry should avoid direct and noble music. However, the performance characteristics of Li Bai's "Gift to Wang Lun" are: frank, direct, and rarely implicit. His words are straight, his pulse is clear, his meaning is not shallow, and his taste is stronger. When ancient people wrote poems, it was generally taboo to address people by name in their poems, as this was considered tasteless. "To Wang Lun" begins with the poet calling him by his own name, and ends with calling the other party's name, which makes it seem sincere, cordial, free and easy, and full of affection.

The first half of the poem is a narrative: first it writes about the person who is leaving, and then it writes about the person who is seeing them off, showing a picture of parting. The sentence "take a boat" indicates that you are following a waterway. It means that the desired action is when the boat is ready to go. This sentence makes readers seem to see Li Bai saying goodbye to people on the boat about to leave the shore.

Suddenly I heard people singing on the shore, and then I wrote about the farewell person. The second sentence is not as straightforward as the first sentence. Instead, it uses a musical style and only says that it hears singing. A group of villagers stepped on the ground to the beat and walked and sang to see him off. This seemed to be beyond Li Bai's expectation, so he said he heard it suddenly instead of hearing it from a distance. Although this poem is relatively implicit, one can only hear its voice but not see its person, but people are ready to say it. Wang Lun's arrival was indeed unexpected. Heard the sound before anyone arrived. This kind of farewell shows that Li Bai and Wang Lun, two friends, are both informal, happy and free people.

The second half of the poem is lyrical. The third sentence is a distant connection, further explaining that the location of the boat is in Peach Blossom Pond. Thousands of feet deep not only depicts the characteristics of the pool, but also foreshadows the conclusion. The water of Peach Blossom Pond is so deep, it touches Li Ren's feelings, and Wang Lun's deep affection is unforgettable, and the water is naturally connected with deep affection. The concluding sentence is not as full of emotion as Wang Lun sent me, and it vividly expresses the sincere and pure affection by comparing things with objects. The pool is a thousand feet deep, so the friendship between Wang Lun and Li Bai must be even deeper. This sentence is thought-provoking.

The wonderful thing here is that it is less than two words, and the good thing is that it does not use metaphors but uses comparison techniques to turn the invisible friendship into a vivid image, which is ethereal and lingering, natural and true. The poet was very moved, so he used the two-line poem "The Peach Blossom Pond is Thousand Feet Deep, Not as Deep as Wang Lun's Sending Me Love" to praise Wang Lun's admiration and love for the poet, and to express Li Bai's deep friendship for Wang Lun. "Gift to Meng Haoran" by Li Bai

"Gift to Meng Haoran"

Author: Li Bai

I love Master Meng, and he is known all over the world.

The beauty abandons her crown, and her white head lies in the pine clouds.

The drunken moon frequently attracts the saints, and the lost flowers are of no concern to you.

You can look up to the high mountains, just to bow to the clear fragrance.

Notes:

1. Beauty: refers to when you are young.

2. Xuanmian: refers to official position, Xuan: car; Mian: the hat worn by high-ranking officials.

3. Wo Songyun: living in seclusion.

4. Zhongsheng: Zhongjiu means drunk.

5. Qingfen: refers to virtue.

When he was young, he despised fame and did not care about official titles, carriages and horses.

When he is old and white-headed, he retreats to the mountains and forests to abandon the dust.

On moonlit nights, he often drinks wine and gets extremely elegant.

He is not a king who is infatuated with flowers and plants, but is open-minded.

How can one look up to him with a character as high as a mountain?

I only admire his fragrant moral brilliance here!

Appreciation:

The whole poem praises Meng Haoran's elegant and unrestrained character. The title of the first couplet expresses admiration for Meng Haoran; the second and third couplets depict Meng Haoran's elegant image of abandoning his official position, turning his head into seclusion, drunken with wine in the moonlight, and being obsessed with flowers; the last couplet is directly lyrical, expressing Meng's Gao Ya is like a towering mountain, which is depressing.

The poem adopts a lyrical-descriptive-lyric way, and expresses the poet's admiration in a relaxed and sighing tone. A gift to Liu Jingwen's ancient poems

A gift to Liu Jingwen's ancient poems

"A gift to Liu Jingwen"

Su Shi of the Song Dynasty

There is no rain cover when the lotus is exhausted.

There are still proud frost branches among the chrysanthemums.

You must remember the good times of the year,

It is the time of orange and green.

Notes:

1. Liu Jingwen: Liu Jisun (10331092), courtesy name Jingwen, was born in Xiangfu (now Kaifeng, Henan). During the Jiayou reign of Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty, Zuoban Palace directly supervised Raozhou's wine business and took photos of the state's academic affairs (Volume 2 of "Shilin Talk"). Zhezong Yuanyouzhong of the Song Dynasty appointed the deputy envoy of Zuozangku as the military commander of the two Zhejiang provinces. He knew Xizhou because of Su Shi's recommendation. He served as deputy envoy to Wensi. Seven years later, he died at the age of sixty. He has a broad knowledge of history and biographies, has a good nature, has different books, ancient texts and stone carvings, and all the salary earned by officials is spent on collecting books. The matter can be found in Volume 63 of "The Complete Works of Dongpo", "Begging and Giving a Gift to Liu Jisun", and Volume 110 of "Dongdu Shi Lu", "Biography of Liu Ping".

Liu Jingwen’s father, Liu Cun, was a general in the Northern Song Dynasty, so he also developed his bold personality. Therefore Su Shi called him a generous man.

2. Qing: Lift, lift up. (Rain cover: a metaphor for lotus leaves)

3. Aoshuang: Not afraid of frost, strong and unyielding.

4. Jun: You refer to Liu Jingwen.

5. Cover: car cover, here is a metaphor for lotus leaves.

The frost-covered chrysanthemum branches still look vibrant in the cold wind. Don’t think that the good times of the year are coming to an end. You must remember that the most beautiful scenery is in early winter when the oranges, yellows, and greens come!

Appreciation:

This poem was written by the poet as a gift to his friend Liu Jingwen (named Ji Sun).

The first two sentences of the poem describe the scenery, capturing the end of the lotus and the remaining chrysanthemums to depict the bleak scene of late autumn and early winter. There is a strong contrast between what is gone and what is, which highlights the image of the chrysanthemum proud of the frost and fighting against the cold. The last two sentences discuss the scenery and reveal the purpose of the poem. It shows that although the winter scenery is bleak and desolate, it also has a fruitful, mature and abundant side, and this is precisely what other seasons cannot compare with. The poet writes this to describe a person reaching his prime. Although youth has passed, it is also the golden stage of maturity and great achievements in life. He encourages friends to cherish this good time, be optimistic and work tirelessly, and never be depressed or belittle oneself.

Su Shi's "Gift to Liu Jingwen" was written in the fifth year of Yuanyou (1090) when Su Shi was the magistrate of Hangzhou. "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua" says that this poem praises the scenery of early winter, and the music is as wonderful as it is. Although the poem was written as a gift to Liu Jingwen, it is about late autumn scenery, and there is not a word of moral articles about Liu himself. This does not seem to be the intended meaning of the title, but in fact, the author's brilliance lies in blending the praise of Liu's character and integrity into the description of the early winter scenery without leaving any trace. Because in the author's opinion, the most beautiful scenery of the year is the orange-yellow-orange-green scenery in early winter. Orange trees, like pines and cypresses, are the most representative of people's noble character and steadfast integrity.

When the ancients wrote about autumn scenery, most of them were desolate and full of sad autumn mood. However, here, contrary to normal, the rich scenes of late autumn are written, revealing vitality and giving people a sense of high spirits. Therefore, Hu Zai of the Song Dynasty compared it with the two sentences in Han Yu's poem "Early Spring Presents the Water Department Zhang Shiba Yuanwai", which is "The most beneficial thing about spring is the most beautiful year, and it is absolutely superior to smoke and willows all over the emperor's capital". He said that the two poems have the same meaning but different words, and both have the best music. It's wonderful ("Tiaoxi Yuyincong Talk").

Lotus and chrysanthemum are the objects of chanting by poets in the past dynasties, and they often leave a good impression on people. But why does this poem describe the image of lotus and chrysanthemum in a highly general way at the beginning, showing a picture of the lotus and chrysanthemum? Late autumn scene? It’s all about emphasizing and highlighting the best part of the year: the time of orange and green. Although orange and tangerine are mentioned in the same breath, in fact, people in the city prefer orange because orange symbolizes many virtues. Therefore, Qu Yuan wrote "Ode to Orange" to praise it, mainly praising its independence and perseverance, fair complexion, moral selflessness, and deeds. BiBo Yi. The conclusion of this poem has exactly this meaning. It combines describing scenery, chanting objects and praising people in one expression, implicitly praising Liu Jingwen's character and temperament.