What are the prevention methods of swine flu (influenza A H 1N 1)?

(1) Avoid contact with respiratory patients with flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.). ) or pneumonia.

(2) Pay attention to personal hygiene and often wash your hands with hand sanitizer (soap) and water, especially after coughing or sneezing.

(3) Avoid touching pigs or going to places with pigs.

(4) Avoid going to crowded places.

(5) Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, and then throw the tissue into the trash can.

(6) If you are sick, please stay at home, reduce contact with others and avoid infecting others.

(7) Try to avoid contact with eyes, nose or mouth, because germs can spread through these channels.

Two. Guidance notes for entry and exit personnel

1. The following persons should not travel abroad:

(1) Have any discomfort, especially fever;

(2) People who have had close contact with suspected or confirmed cases of swine flu in the past ten days, that is, people who have taken care of the patients, lived with the patients or come into contact with the respiratory secretions and body fluids of the patients.

2, exit personnel need to do:

(1) Before going out, you should prepare the following items:

Paper towels, masks and other general emergency supplies. In case of emergency.

A disinfectant containing 65-95% alcohol is used to clean and disinfect hands without hand washing equipment.

Contact number of the local consulate in China.

(2) During the journey

A. Isolation

Cooperate with quarantine and health personnel to complete the necessary entry-exit procedures and quarantine measures. Don't litter and spit everywhere.

Garbage should be put in the dustbin. If you need to spit, wrap it in a tissue and throw it in the dustbin.

B. Wash your hands often

Always keep your hands clean. Wash your hands with hand sanitizer after going to the toilet, before eating, before handling food and after touching public goods. Avoid contact with eyes, nose and mouth. Wash your hands first if you need to touch them. If there is no hand washing equipment, you can wash your hands with an alcoholic disinfectant.

C. Spare tissues/handkerchiefs

Take a tissue/handkerchief. Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue/handkerchief when sneezing and coughing.

D. Spare personal effects

Don't * * enjoy towels and personal belongings to avoid spreading diseases.

E. spare mask

You can wear a mask so that you/your team members can wear it when they have respiratory diseases.

F. Chopsticks and spoons

Eat with chopsticks and spoons, and don't share lunch boxes and drinks with others.

G. Healthy living

Continue to practice a healthy lifestyle during the tour, keep your body clean and don't smoke.

H. if you don't feel well

If you feel unwell, especially fever, you should inform the hotel and the tour leader/tour guide or relevant personnel;

Patients and their caregivers should wear masks immediately;

Arrange medical treatment as soon as possible;

Stay in the hotel room/room to rest, and temporarily terminate the trip until it is restored.

If a passenger is suspected or confirmed to be infected with swine flu by a local doctor, he/she needs to stay in a local hospital for further examination or treatment. If it is not necessary, his/her colleagues should reduce contact with patients and strictly abide by personal hygiene measures according to the instructions of local doctors. Colleagues should cooperate with the instructions of the local health and quarantine department to arrange the rest of the itinerary and necessary quarantine measures.

(3) After the journey.

If you have flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc. Within 2 weeks after returning to China, you should contact the local health and disease control department in time.

3. Entry personnel should:

(1) If you have flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.) when you return from the epidemic area. ), should take the initiative to explain to the entry-exit inspection and quarantine institutions.

(2) If you have flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc. Within 2 weeks after returning from the epidemic area, you should contact the local health and disease control department in time.

Three. Precautions for participants in public activities:

When participating in public activities, in order to prevent swine flu and other infectious diseases, it is recommended that the public pay attention to:

1. Before participating in the activity:

If you feel unwell, especially if you have a fever and/or symptoms of respiratory infection such as coughing and sneezing, don't go to the activity and seek medical advice as soon as possible.

Always keep your hands clean and wash your hands after touching public goods or facilities.

Carry a handkerchief or tissue with you.

2. During the activity:

Maintain good personal hygiene. Cover your nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing, and then wash your hands with hand sanitizer immediately to prevent droplets from spreading bacteria.

Wash your hands before touching your eyes, mouth or nose, before eating and after going to the toilet.

Wash your hands with hand sanitizer, and then dry them with paper towels or drying equipment.

If there is no hand washing facility, disinfect your hands with hand sanitizer containing 65~95% alcohol.

Don't spit or litter. Sputum and saliva should be wrapped in paper towels and thrown into the trash can. Garbage should also be put in the trash can.

You shouldn't smoke.

3. After attending the activity:

Keep your hands clean.

Take a shower and wash your hair after you go home to remove dirt and bacteria.

Four. Matters needing attention in taking public transport

1. Before there are no cases of swine flu infection in the local area:

(1) Keep the car/cabin clean.

Don't eat or drink in the carriage/cabin.

Do not smoke.

Don't spit everywhere.

Don't litter. Please put the rubbish into the dustbin in the station/platform/lobby.

If you need to vomit, you should use a vomit bag.

(2) Maintain good personal hygiene

Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with your hands.

Cover your nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing.

If you have symptoms of respiratory infection or fever, you should seek medical advice as soon as possible.

(3) Wear a mask

People who take public transport should wear masks, especially:

People with symptoms of respiratory infection or fever;

People who need to take care of patients with respiratory infection or fever.

2. After a local case of swine flu infection:

In addition to the above measures, it is necessary to:

(1) Wear a mask

People who take public transport should wear masks, especially during busy hours when people are crowded; In a sealed carriage/cabin;

People with symptoms of respiratory infection or fever; And people who have had close contact with swine flu patients [1] should wear masks for ten consecutive days from the last contact date.

People who have social contact with swine flu patients can also wear masks.

(2) Keep the air circulation in the carriage/cabin.

If the window/ship window is open and closed, it should be opened properly to ensure the air circulation in the carriage/cabin.

(3) Ask for help

If you suspect that you have swine flu;

Please take an ambulance to the hospital;

If you are at the station or dock, or have been in the carriage/cabin, you can ask the driver or the staff of the transportation agency to help summon an ambulance or marine police to the hospital for treatment.

Note [1]: Close contact refers to having cared for the patient, living with the patient, or directly contacting the respiratory secretions or body fluids of the patient.

Precautions [2]: Socialization refers to ordinary meeting, that is, not taking care of the patient, not living with the patient, and not having direct contact with the patient's secretions or body fluids.

Five, the correct way to wash your hands

Maintaining hand hygiene is the first condition to prevent infectious diseases. Hand hygiene can be maintained by thoroughly washing hands with hand sanitizer or disinfecting hands with alcohol hand sanitizer.

1 When should I wash my hands?

(1) Before touching eyes, nose and mouth

(2) Before eating and handling food

(3) After going to the toilet

(4) When the hand is divided by the respiratory tract? When things are polluted, such as sneezing and coughing.

(5) After touching public objects, such as elevator handrails, elevator buttons, door handles, etc.

(6) After changing diapers for infants or patients, and after handling contaminated objects.

(7) Before and after visiting hospitals and farms

(8) After contact with animals or poultry

In general, when there is obvious dirt on your hands or may be contaminated by body fluids, such as going to the toilet or changing diapers, sneezing and coughing, you should use hand sanitizer (soap) and clean water to wash your hands. If there is no obvious dirt on your hands, you can disinfect your hands with a hand wipe containing 70-80% alcohol.

2, the correct hand washing steps:

Wash your hands with hand sanitizer, the procedure is as follows:

(1) Turn on the tap and wash your hands.

(2) Add hand sanitizer and wipe off the foam by hand.

(3) Rub the palm, back of hand, finger gap, back of finger, thumb, fingertip and wrist for at least 20 seconds, and do not flush when rubbing.

(4) Wash your hands thoroughly with clean water after washing your hands.

(5) Dry your hands thoroughly with a clean towel or paper towel, or dry your hands with a hand dryer.

(6) After washing your hands? To touch the faucet directly, you can wrap the faucet with toilet paper before turning it off; Or splash water to clean the faucet.

3. Note:

(1) Never share towels or tissues with others.

(2) The wiped paper towels should be properly discarded after use.

(3) Personal towels should be properly placed and thoroughly cleaned at least once a day. It would be more ideal if multiple towels could be prepared and changed frequently.

4. Disinfect your hands with alcohol hand lotion. The process is as follows:

Pour enough alcohol hand rubbing liquid into the palm, and then rub the palm, back of hand, gap between fingers, back of fingers, thumb, fingertips and wrist for at least 20 seconds until the hands are dry.

Six, the correct use of masks

Precautions for wearing surgical masks (you must wash your hands before wearing masks and before and after taking them off):

1, make the mask close to the face:

(1) The colored side of the mask is outward, and the side with the metal sheet is upward;

(2) Fasten the rope for fixing the mask, or wrap the rubber band of the mask around the ear to make the mask close to the face;

(3) The mask should completely cover the nose, mouth and chin;

(4) Press the metal sheet on the mask tightly along both sides of the bridge of the nose to make the mask close to the face.

2. After wearing a mask, avoid touching the mask to prevent the protection from decreasing; If you must touch the mask, wash your hands thoroughly before and after contact.

3. When taking off the mask, try to avoid touching the outward part of the mask, because this part may be contaminated by germs.

4. After taking off the mask, wrap it with adhesive tape or paper bag, and then put it in a covered trash can for disposal.

5. Surgical masks should be replaced at least once a day. If the mask is damaged or dirty, it should be replaced immediately.

Frequently asked questions about swine flu

1. Is pork contagious?

The virus currently monitored is a mixture of gene fragments of avian influenza, human influenza and swine influenza virus. All patients have no contact history with pigs, and this new mutant virus has not been isolated from pigs. A(H 1N 1) influenza virus is afraid of high temperature. When pork is heated to 7 1 celsius, it can kill swine flu virus.

2. Will influenza A (swine flu) virus H 1N 1 spread from person to person?

At present, it has been confirmed that there are human-to-human cases of influenza A (swine flu) virus H 1N 1, and its transmission route is similar to seasonal influenza, usually through coughing and sneezing of infected people.

3. What are the characteristics of this influenza A (swine flu) epidemic?

First, the epidemic was caused by a new variant of swine flu virus, which is widely susceptible and has caused transnational and transcontinental spread. Second, there have been cases of human-to-human transmission. Third, there are many serious cases and deaths in Mexico. Fourth, flu patients can detoxify the day before the onset. Some people do not get sick after infection, but they are still contagious, and the proportion of recessive infection is quite high.

4. What are the symptoms of influenza A H 1N 1 (swine flu)?

The symptoms of influenza A H 1N 1 (swine flu) are similar to those of other influenza, such as high fever, cough, fatigue and anorexia. Another report said that the cases found in the United States were mainly characterized by sudden fever, cough, muscle pain and fatigue, and some of them also had diarrhea and vomiting; Mexico has also found symptoms such as red eyes, headache and runny nose.

5. Why is it called "Influenza A H 1N 1 (swine flu)" in China?

WHO announced that from April 30th, it began to use "influenza A (H 1N 1)" instead of "swine flu" to refer to the current epidemic. According to the convention expressed in domestic Chinese, it is called "Influenza A H 1N 1".

6. Is Mexican influenza A H 1N 1 (swine flu) the same as American influenza A H 1N 1 (swine flu)?

Influenza A virus H 1N 1 in Mexico and the United States are both A/H 1N 1, which is a new mutant virus and a mixture of human influenza virus, avian influenza virus in North America and swine influenza virus in North America, Europe and Asia.

7. Is there a vaccine for influenza A (swine flu) H 1N 1?

At present, there is only an anti-swine influenza vaccine for pigs, but it has not been specially used for humans. As far as the current situation is concerned, the common anti-influenza vaccine has no obvious effect on human resistance to influenza A (swine flu).

8. What preventive measures are there?

Influenza virus is mainly transmitted through air and contact. Cover your nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing. Qin Ying washes his hands and often disinfects daily necessities with alcohol. In addition, "getting together" in crowded places is also an effective way to reduce the probability of infection. Once infected, patients should try to avoid going out to prevent the virus from spreading to others.

9. Is there any specific medicine to treat people infected with influenza A (swine flu) H 1N 1?

According to the current experts' understanding, this new influenza A virus (swine flu) H 1N 1 is sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors and effective in clinical treatment.

At present, there is no specific drug for influenza A (swine flu) (H 1N 1). The key is to strengthen feeding management, such as keeping warm and preventing thieves from invading: providing enough clean drinking water; Pay attention to balanced nutrition and supplement vitamins and trace elements. , improve the resistance of pigs; Chinese herbal medicine can be used for adjuvant treatment when necessary.