The history of Qin Jin Grand Canyon

Qin Jin Canyon has been a military place since ancient times. Although the mountains on both sides of the Yellow River are steep and the traffic is inconvenient, there are ancient crossings in history. In addition, the river here is stable, narrow and easy to cross, and it is frozen in winter. Therefore, the authorities of past dynasties often set up checkpoints here, which are guarded by troops and become a battleground for military strategists, as a bridgehead for attacking each other or a beachhead for defense. The earliest record in history is that from 650 BC to 640 BC, Di people marched into the State of Jin from Hukou. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Northern Wei Dynasty was divided into the Eastern and Western Wei Dynasties with the Yellow River as the boundary. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Tang Gaozu Li Yuan rose up and captured Xi, which opened the prosperous Tang Dynasty. In Song Dynasty, Yang Jiajiang left a famous patriotic legend along the Yellow River. At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Mongolia Taishi Shuihuali marched from Shaanxi to break the river defense. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng rose in northern Shaanxi, and the army started from there. In the Qing Dynasty, under the command of Zhang Zongyu, King of Liang Xiao, the Nian Army of Shandong Province moved westward into Gansu.

At the beginning of 1936, the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants led by Mao Zedong also marched eastward from the revolutionary base in northern Shaanxi. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the Qin-Jin Gorge became a natural barrier and corridor leading to the anti-Japanese base areas in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region. From March 1938 to the end of 1939, the Japanese army launched 23 attacks on our river defense, including 7 large-scale attacks, which were repelled by our river defense forces, thus ensuring the safety of the anti-Japanese center in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region. With the joint efforts of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the Qin Jin Canyon once blocked the Japanese invaders' attempt to cross the Yellow River and get their hands on Shaanxi. 1948 On March 22nd, in order to welcome the victory of the national revolution, Mao Zedong crossed the Yellow River at the Yellow River Ferry in Chuankou, wubu county, looked back at northern Shaanxi and said with infinite affection that "northern Shaanxi is a good place".

The ancient poem goes: "Three waves in Longmen, a thunder on the ground". The Three Turbulent Waves in Longmen, a Millennium wonder of the Yellow River, have aroused the poetic sentiment of countless poets. When the Yellow River approached Longmen Pass at the end of the canyon, it suddenly encountered a sharp turn, and the wild waves suddenly hit the cliff and flew out of layers of snow waves. The falling water waves hit the boulder on the other side again, and in a rage, they washed up on piles of snow waves that hit the sky. After turning around, Shuibo immediately met a huge reef standing on the river bed and roared again. This is the so-called "Three Turbulent Waves in Longmen", and what is written in the Tang poem "Roaring Wan Li to Run to Longmen" is the stormy waves here. Qin Jin Canyon is only 720km long, but it is the fiercest section of the 5464km Yellow River and the soul of the Yellow River. It is the cradle of the Chinese nation. Long ago, ancient ancestors lived and multiplied here. This is the core area of the Central Plains ancient land and the birthplace of Chinese civilization. Hedong on the east bank of the Yellow River is said to be the ancient capital of Yao, Shun and Yu, and the Yellow Emperor Mausoleum, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, is located on the west bank of the Yellow River, which is why the Yellow River is called the mother river. Hedong on the east bank of the Yellow River, Hanoi on the west bank of the Yellow River, and Henan on the south bank of the Yellow River are the three auxiliary places of the Han Dynasty, and * * * are the confidants of the empire. This area has always been the king and capital of the Yellow River Valley dynasty.

In this natural cultural corridor, there are Yangshao culture of the Yellow River, Majiayao culture to Haxiu culture in the upper reaches of Dadu River, Yingpanshan culture, Shawudu culture, Baodun culture, Sanxingdui culture and Jinsha culture in the upper reaches of Minjiang River, as well as nomadic culture, hunting culture, farming culture and primitive religious culture, indigenous culture, Taoist culture, Tibetan Buddhism culture, Chinese Buddhism culture and Tibetan culture from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to Loess Plateau.

The Chinese nation can step into the sacred hall of world civilization on the loess, which is inseparable from the spiritual nourishment given to them by the water of the Yellow River. The mountains and rivers of the Jiuqu Yellow River gave birth to the rare temperament and demeanor of the people of all ethnic groups in the Jiuqu Yellow River, and also created the culture and customs of "harmony but difference" among the people of all ethnic groups in the Jiuqu Yellow River.