The Masculine Beauty of Chongqing Architecture

The Masculine Beauty of Chongqing Architecture

—— Take the library of Chuanmeihu West Campus as an example.

First, architectural aesthetics

The construction of architecture not only provides a place for people to live, but also contains the designer's original design concept, which is the main research object of architectural aesthetics. Torbert hamlin, a modern American architect, once pointed out that the basic principles of architectural aesthetics are balance, scale, proportion, unity, rhythm, sequence, style, character and color, which have been the main research fields of architectural aesthetics until modern times.

In addition to the above ten basic laws, modern architectural circles have also put forward a series of other ideas, such as the relationship between subject and object of architecture, the relationship between architectural aesthetics and life, and the close relationship between human survival and development and cultural needs. From the essence of architecture, it serves people and needs to conform to people's living habits and usage habits. On this basis, excellent architecture needs to meet people's growing aesthetic needs.

Second, the formation of architectural style in Chongqing

There are many factors that affect the formation of a regional culture, such as economy, politics, climate and geography. Architecture also represents the characteristics of a place. Different cities have different building business cards. In Jiangsu and Zhejiang, it may be an antique, gentle and elegant garden, in the loess high slope, it may be a magnificent cave, in Yunnan and Guizhou, it may be a diaojiao building full of ethnic customs. American architect Ariel Sha Lining said, "Let me look at your city, and I will know your people's cultural ideals and pursuits." So we are thinking about the characteristics of Chongqing architecture.

First of all, from the geographical point of view, Chongqing is different from other southern cities, and it is a city surrounded by mountains. The mountainous terrain is uneven. Mountains are often rugged and heroic. People who have lived in the mountains for a long time retain the most primitive state of the mountains, which also shapes the character of Chongqing people-rough and heroic, even for girls. Therefore, the buildings built by Chongqing people are also influenced by their personalities to some extent, and most of them are rough. From the political and economic aspects, Chongqing's early status as the capital brought a lot of heavy industry to Chongqing, which further laid the tone of Chongqing's architectural style. People often pursue simple, direct and practical workshops, so the buildings in Chongqing still retain a simple, rigorous and practical style, and most of them are square in shape. With the development of the times, the architecture in Chongqing is still simple and rough in nature. Even if it absorbs the western trendy culture and adds artistic elements to the roughness, it is also a kind of masculine beauty.

Three. Brief introduction of Chuanmei Library:

Sichuan fine arts institute Huxi Campus Library, designed by the famous architect Tang Hua, was completed in 2009, and won the 20 13 China Architectural Design Gold Award of China Architectural Society, the 20 13 Excellence Award of Cross-Strait Architectural Design Award of Hong Kong Institute of Architects and the 2014 Excellence Award of "Wa China Architectural Achievement Award".

Tang Hua, a designer, holds a master's degree in architecture from Chongqing University and is a professor at the School of Architectural Planning of Chongqing University. He has lived in Chongqing for a long time, which gives this designer a unique understanding of Chongqing.

Chuanmei has a strong local complex, and many artists trained from this art college are deeply influenced by local cultural traditions and infected with their works of art, such as Luo Zhongli, the former president of Chuanmei, whose father is full of strong local complex. Therefore, this campus also attaches great importance to this localization when it is under construction. In order to retain this humanistic atmosphere, the whole campus was built on a farmland, leaving many original terraces, Woods, ponds and so on. The location of the library was originally a terrace with a height difference of about 6 meters in the east-west direction and a hill with a relative height of less than 20 meters in the north-south direction. Therefore, the library is also a long strip with long east-west and short north-south, which is conducive to lighting and ventilation and forms a long scroll of landscape paintings indoors.

Fourth, structural analysis.

The whole library was hollowed out. At first glance, the most striking thing is its sharp roof, which is similar to the traditional buildings in China, but different from the ancient buildings in China. Generally, the roof angle of ancient buildings is greater than 90, and the top angle of this library is less than 90. In order to keep this small angle, we have to lengthen the height of the roof, giving people a feeling of towering, majestic, sacred and fierce, with postmodern spirit, similar to the Gothic architecture in the Middle Ages in the West, which plays an important role in shaping the masculine beauty of the whole architectural style. The pavilion below is roughly a cuboid except for the shearing design in the middle. Its prototype is similar to warehouses and factories, and it is also common in industrial cities like Chongqing. Taking this simple square as the main body, it highlights its angular characteristics, with smooth lines, stability and strength.

The entrance of the library is embedded, and the design of the concave wall is ingenious. Standing at the entrance, you can directly feel the grandeur of the top. The space with a few meters left at the top is similar to that of a church, and there is a feeling of touching the gods. With the library, people have a kind of spiritual purification and awe. As can be seen from the overall appearance, compared with some soft styles, this library tends to be gorgeous, tough and masculine, bringing strong visual impact and spiritual shock.

The interior of the library is also full of design sense, the most prominent is the direct access to the top stairs, connecting all floors. Ultra-high vertical ratio not only lengthens people's sight, but also lengthens people's psychological distance. Looking from the top down is a feeling of overlooking everything, and looking from the bottom up is a feeling of "towering like a jade landslide". Whether it is up or down, it is full of a magnificent momentum. The bookshelf on the left side of the stairs is full of books and some exhibits, which has enough space for readers to sit and read, visually expanding the horizontal space. Perhaps because of the uniqueness of the art discipline, the books on the bookshelf are particularly large, and some books even exceed the size of the unfolded newspaper, giving people a huge and heavy feeling. The blank space on the right side of the stairs directly runs through the whole library from top to bottom, and you can see all the structures, including the extended floors. This wonderful perspective design directly deepens the sense of depth of the internal space, which is shocking.

Go to the top floor, and the steeple on the roof has a separate attic. Standing in the attic, you can see the outside through the hollow skylight and glass wall. The design of floor-to-ceiling windows enhances the lighting, and the mysterious roof looks up, further expanding its majesty and sacredness. Generally speaking, there is a kind of masculine beauty everywhere, both externally and internally.

V. Material analysis

From the material point of view, this library is decorated with blue bricks, which is relatively simple, complements the surrounding farmland and trees, and has a natural texture. Designers add iron pieces to the cracks of blue bricks, and the color of the bricks will gradually deepen with the passage of time, and will be stained with rust color. Coupled with uneven colors, it has a very strong sense of heaviness and retro temperament, full of traces of years and natural vicissitudes. However, the indoor walls and beams are all fair-faced concrete, and the unadorned concrete is rough, which has a rough aesthetic feeling and unique industrial style, which is also very common in Chongqing in the early years. Because of the development of heavy industry in Chongqing during the Republic of China, most of the factories were cement walls and were not painted, so the economic conditions were not superior enough. Many families have cement walls and floors. Later, people gradually had certain requirements for the beauty of the wall and began to paint. However, in recent years, the boom of industrial wind has set off a wave of concrete boom. Many young people like this original retro style, and many clothing stores even use unpainted walls as decoration styles. From the perspective of the present era, this library just fits the pace of the times while retaining its original flavor.

Besides, the whole building is made of glass in many places. Because the whole library is built on farmland, most of the elements of farmland are preserved around it, as well as a large quiet bamboo forest and pond. The use of glass can enhance the sense of perspective, clearly present the world full of green outside the window, look up after reading, let the soul fly, be happy physically and mentally, and enhance the aesthetic feeling. At the same time, it can make the library more harmonious with the surrounding environment.

Therefore, from the material point of view, most of the materials used in Chuanmei Library tend to be high-density, hard and heavy materials, which are full of masculine beauty and tempered with light elements such as wood, and are both rigid and flexible.

Six, color

The blue bricks on the outer wall are matched with the concrete on the inner wall, and the colors are uniform and changeable, which is full of layering. The colors are mostly gray, dark brown, dark cyan and black, and tend to be thick and simple. The yellow color of logs is used to brighten the interior, but it is not very conspicuous, which adds a little youth to the overall heavy style and is more in line with the requirements of art colleges. Wooden light shields are also used for external walls, which can not only weaken too dazzling light, but also play a decorative role. Black and gray are inherently masculine and have a strong industrial style. Together with neutral yellow, the whole color scheme is more masculine.

Seven. abstract

Generally speaking, the design of Chuanmei Library is based on Chongqing's local regional characteristics and architectural prototypes, such as the shape of the factory building, and endowed with simple and tough lines to create the greatest spatial versatility. The material also comes from the blue bricks that can be seen everywhere in Chongqing. Adding concrete adds a heavy feeling and returns to the essence. Structurally, the ingenious use of skills increases the sense of depth and perspective of the building, which is magnificent and full of grandeur, massiness, loftiness and masculine beauty.

Otawa Chuanmei Library, a building in Chongqing, has the same characteristics, such as square appearance, rigorous and profound color matching, heavy and solid material selection, which adds strength to the car. No matter the workshops and warehouses in the last century, or the Wenchuang Park and Art Museum in the new century, it is inseparable from Chongqing's rough and heroic, which has always been based on this masculine beauty and is the result of many factors and years of deposition in Chongqing. Today's Chongqing architecture not only meets people's basic living needs, but also meets people's pursuit of novel aesthetics, and integrates Chongqing's localized urban character, forming Chongqing's unique masculine beauty.