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Niccolo Paganini (1782.10.27—1840.5.27)

Paganini, nicolo Paganini, nicolo (1782— 1840), an Italian violinist and composer, is one of the most famous performers in the history of music. Studying in Genoa and Palma,/kloc-made his debut at the age of 0/3. From 1805 to 18 13, he served as the court music director of Princess Luca, and began to perform in Vienna, Paris (183 1) and the British Isles from 1828. Besides violin, he is also good at playing guitar and viola. Berlioz was asked to write a viola song and got Harold (1834) in Italy, but he never played it, and it is said that his solo part was not brilliant enough. Paganini's greatest achievement is playing his own works. He has a slender figure, and his emotions are intense when he plays the piano, like crazy, like drunk, like possessed by the devil. Twenty-four pieces of violin solo capriccio (op. 1) proved to be superb. This is one of the few works that Paganini was allowed to publish before his death. Some new techniques in "Twenty-four Capriccios" were transplanted into Liszt and Schumann's piano etudes and used in Brahms and Rachmaninov's piano variations. There are at least five violin concertos (one of which was recently discovered), violin music such as Venice Carnival, and chamber music of guitar and strings. Indulgence leads to physical deterioration, and concert performances have to be reduced since 1834. 1840 died in Nice on May 27th. It is said that he was buried alive by mistake before he died.

Excerpted from Foreign Music Dictionary

Paganini Paganini, nicolo (1782.10.27-1840.5.27) is an Italian composer and a major violinist in19th century. He revolutionized the violin playing skills. I studied with my father at first, and then with G. Servito and G. Costa. It was first performed in 1793, and then went to Palma to seek the opinions of A Lola and G Giglietti. 1797 went to Lombardy with his father to perform, and his reputation grew day by day. After living independently, I was addicted to wine, wine and gambling. From 180 1 to 1807, he composed 24 pieces of capriccio for unaccompanied violins, which showed the new characteristics of his skills. 1805 reappeared in Italy as a violinist, and was appointed as the music conductor of piano by Napoleon's sister Lisa Bonaparte. After that, he held concerts and played his own works in many Italian cities. 1828 in Vienna, 183 1 caused a sensation in Paris and London. His travels in England and Scotland from 65438 to 0832 made him a rich man. /kloc-settled in Paris in 0/833 and entrusted Berlioz to compose the symphony Harold in Italy for Viola. However, after composing, he thought that the viola solo was not very distinctive and refused to play. After his investment in Paganini Casino went bankrupt, 1839 went to Marseille and then to Nice. He once gave Berlioz, a composer who struggled for his life, 20 thousand francs. His works (mainly capriccio, violin concerto and several groups of variations) require extensive use of overtones and plucking, new fingering and even new empty string tuning. He often improvises brilliantly at concerts. In order to show off his skills, he once broke one or two strings on the violin and then continued to play the rest. His technological innovation became the basis of later performers, especially Sarasate and Isei. Other works include six violin concertos, of which the first one (violin concerto in D major) is particularly popular; 12 sonatas for violin and guitar and 6 quartets for violin, viola, cello and guitar. Paganini's playing skills also influenced orchestral and piano works, especially Liszt. The theme in the capriccio inspired the creative ideas of Liszt, Schumann, Brahms and Rachmaninov. Excerpted from The Concise Encyclopedia of Britain (Chinese Version)

Nicolo Paganini (1782- 1840), a great Italian violinist and composer, is one of the most outstanding performers in the music history. He studied piano in his early years, and then went to Genoa and Palma to study. At the age of nine, he performed on the stage for the first time. At the age of thirteen, he traveled all over Vienna, Germany, Paris and England, and also played guitar and viola. In his "Twenty-four Capriccios", he showed amazing talent.

His performance brought the violin skills to an unparalleled height, and made an indelible contribution to the development of violin performance art, which not only influenced later violin works, but also influenced piano skills and works. He also used guitar skills to play the violin, which greatly enriched the expressive force of the violin. Due to the secrecy of his skills, he published few works before his death, most of which were published after his death. His works include Concerto in Bay Major, Capriccio 24, Witch's Dance, Endless Music, Venice Carnival and so on.

Paganini

Life profile:

(Niccolo Paganini, 1782 ~ 1840), an Italian violinist, was born in Genoa. I studied piano under the strict guidance of my father, and then I studied under the famous teachers from Genoa and Bama. I performed on the stage for the first time when I was nine years old. When I was thirteen, I traveled all over Vienna, Germany, Paris and England, and also played guitar and viola. In his "Twenty-four Capriccios", he showed amazing talent. His violin skills not only influenced his later violin works, but also influenced his piano skills and works. Liszt, Schumann, Rachmaninov and others all used Paganini's violin skills and themes to create piano music. Due to the secrecy of his skills, he published few works before his death, most of which were published after his death. His works include Concerto in Bay Major, Capriccio 24, Witch's Dance, Endless Music, Venice Carnival and so on.

Anecdotal anecdote:

Dan Xian practice

Italian violinist and composer Paganini (1782— 1840) is a legendary figure. He wrote and played many violin solo exercises, and his incredible stunts on the G string were said to have been practiced in prison. He was once imprisoned for killing his wife, and the guards allowed him to play the violin with only one string as a pastime, so he practiced real kung fu on this G string.

1805 In March, Napoleon's sister Luca and Princess Irina Kaptelova Bachecoch of Pi Wengbo invited him to be a musician at the court and played at the court concert once every two weeks. The princess suspected that his overtones stimulated her nerves and often left before he finished playing, but she still appreciated his genius creation and often encouraged him to explore new effects on the violin.

At that time, a lady fell in love with him and asked him to write a love scene played with only two strings. He used e string to represent women and played the melody of seeking love; Representing a man with a G string, he gave a warm answer. Finally, the two sounds on the G string and the E string are combined into a duet of love. The lady was deeply moved by his performance.

The princess praised Paganini to the sky, and she said to him in the most euphemistic tone: "You just played an impossible song with two strings;" Can you play your genius on the string? " Pug promised, "Let me try." He gladly obeyed, and a few weeks later, he wrote an army sonata (Op. 3 1) with G strings, entitled Napoleon. On August 25th, this work was shown in front of a large court audience. His later works "Marie-Louise Sonata" (Op.65) and "Recitations and Variations of Three Arias" are also "one-string exercises" specially played by G-string.

Representative works:

Violin Endless Movement and Venice Carnival

Nothing is more magical than listening-Paganini

Paganini

Italian violinist and composer. As one of the most famous musicians in the history of music, he is called the violin magician. His most brilliant achievement is playing his own works. He has a slender figure, and his emotions are intense when he plays the piano. Twenty-four violin solos proved superb skills.

Born in Genoa, northern Italy, his father Antonio Paganini and his mother Teresa. Bhogya Ti, who had no formal music education, and his wife sang in the hotel to earn money. Paganini probably inherited his parents' talent, and his body seemed to be born to play the piano and shoulder. Elbow; His wrist is very soft, and his broad chest makes it unnecessary for him to use shoulder pads and chin rests. His cerebellum is particularly developed and his hearing is particularly sensitive. Even if a piano is not tuned, he can still play it accurately. In addition, he can turn a tune up or down by a semitone at will, of course, not tuning, but changing the fingering. Anyone who has studied musical instruments knows that after a tune is tuned by semitone, it will greatly change the marks of rising and falling tones, even if it is difficult to read the music, let alone play it immediately.

Paganini's hands are incredibly big. Generally, a violinist must be in a high position to pull out eight octaves on two strings with 1 and three fingers, but it is said that Paganini can pull out four octaves on four strings with four fingers, which is equivalent to separating the fingertips of the index finger and the little finger by at least 20 cm when the palm is bent. Please take out your hand and have a look! Try opening it a few centimeters.

Paganini's position in the violin world is like a god, and his skill is like a demon. His violin score looks a bit like piano score, and many techniques are incredible, with double overtones; Double vibrato; Left hand plucking; Ultra-difficult skills such as continuous bow jumping may have a lot to do with his appearance. Violinists want to witness his live performance, but those who have seen him play are at least 200 years old now, and we can only feel his skills from the tracks he left behind.

Paganini's six violin concertos contain all kinds of difficult techniques, which are amazing. Among them, the No.1 third movement "Zhong" was adapted by Liszt for piano performance. The third movement begins with a brisk "jumping staccato", which is everyone's favorite part! Next, the technique of "playing close to the horse" has made great contributions to the music scene. As the name implies, the so-called "playing the piano near the horse" means that the bow is close to the Black Bridge and even exceeds it. Generally, the bow should be kept between bridges. When approaching the bridge, the sound becomes hard and sharp, and when approaching the bridge, it becomes soft and fuzzy, thus producing special sound effects. Paganini's other creative skills are most commonly used in plucking the strings with his left hand and jumping the bow continuously.

The first concerto is in D major, but the magic is that Paganini lowered the four strings by a semitone when playing, so he played the music in E flat major with his fingers. Musicians today may not have this ability. His skills will be called the devil's gift. What a violin fan! Paganini's performance is quite commercialized, and his skills have earned him countless money. The ticket price of the concert was extremely high, but the venue was full and the audience could not resist his charm. This legendary figure has a rather decadent life, and he also fell in love with his tour performances everywhere. Even after marriage, he has been suffering from illness since he was 20 years old, probably because of the poor living environment when he was young and the abnormal life when he was old. Throat disease and lung disease have always accompanied him. Illness made him eccentric, leaving little behind and most of them lost. Since ancient times, many composers have developed theme variations based on his Fantasia No.24, including Brahms, Schumann and Rachmaninov.

Born in Genoa, northern Italy, his father Antonio Paganini and his mother Teresa Borgiatti had no formal music education. The couple sang in a hotel to get paid. Paganini probably inherited his parents' talent, and his body seemed to be born to play the piano and shoulders; Elbow; His wrist is very soft, and his broad chest makes it unnecessary for him to use shoulder pads and chin rests. His cerebellum is particularly developed and his hearing is particularly sensitive. Even if a piano is not tuned, he can still play it accurately. In addition, he can turn a tune up or down by a semitone at will, of course, not tuning, but changing the fingering. Anyone who has studied musical instruments knows that after a tune is tuned by semitone, it will greatly change the marks of rising and falling tones, even if it is difficult to read the music, let alone play it immediately.

Paganini's hands are incredibly big. Generally, a violinist must be in a high position to pull out eight octaves on two strings with 1 and three fingers, but it is said that Paganini can pull out four octaves on four strings with four fingers, which is equivalent to separating the fingertips of the index finger and the little finger by at least 20 cm when the palm is bent. Please take out your hand and have a look! Try opening it a few centimeters.

Paganini's position in the violin world is like a god, and his skill is like a demon. His violin score looks a bit like piano score, and many techniques are incredible, with double overtones; Double vibrato; Left hand plucking; Ultra-difficult skills such as continuous bow jumping may have a lot to do with his appearance. Violinists want to witness his live performance, but those who have seen him play are at least 200 years old now, and we can only feel his skills from the tracks he left behind.

Paganini's six violin concertos contain all kinds of difficult techniques, which are amazing. Among them, the No.1 third movement "Zhong" was adapted by Liszt for piano performance. The third movement begins with a brisk "jumping staccato", which is everyone's favorite part! Next, the technique of "playing near the horse" has made great contributions to the music scene. As the name implies, when playing the piano, the bow approaches or even exceeds the Black Bridge. Generally, the bow should be kept between bridges. When approaching the bridge, the sound becomes hard and sharp, and when approaching the bridge, it becomes soft and fuzzy, thus producing special sound effects. Paganini's other creative skills are most commonly used in plucking the strings with his left hand and jumping the bow continuously.

The first concerto is in D major, but the magic is that Paganini lowered the four strings by a semitone when playing, so he played the music in E flat major with his fingers. Musicians today may not have this ability. His skills will be called the devil's gift. What a violin fan!

Paganini's performance is quite commercialized, and his skills have earned him countless money. The ticket price of the concert was extremely high, but the venue was full and the audience could not resist his charm. This legendary figure has a rather decadent life, and he loves his tour everywhere. Even after marriage, he has been suffering from illness since he was 20 years old, probably because of the poor living environment in his childhood and the abnormal life in his later years. Laryngeal diseases and lung diseases have always accompanied him, making his character eccentric. After his death, there were not many things left, and most of them were lost. Since ancient times, many composers have developed theme variations based on his Fantasia No.24, among which Brahms, Schumann and Rakhmaninov are famous.

Single-line master

Paganini (1782— 1840), an Italian violinist and composer, is a legend. He wrote and played many violin solo exercises. It is said that his incredible skill in thong was practiced in prison: it is rumored that he was imprisoned for killing his lover, and the prison guard allowed him to play the violin with only one string for recreation, thus creating his thong skill. But whether the rumor is credible or not, Paganini did practice real kung fu on this G string.

1805 In March, Napoleon's sister Luca and Princess Irina Kaptelova Bachecochi of Pi Wengbo invited him to be a court musician and play at a court concert every two weeks. The princess suspected that his overtones stimulated her nerves and often left before he finished playing, but she still appreciated his genius and creativity and often encouraged him to explore new effects on the violin.

At that time, a lady fell in love with him and asked him to write a love scene played with only two strings. He used e string to represent women and played the melody of seeking love; Representing a man with a G string, he gave a warm answer. Finally, the two sounds on the G string and the E string are combined into a duet of love. The lady was deeply moved by his performance.

The princess praised Paganini to the sky. She said to him in the most euphemistic tone, "You just played a piece of music that is unparalleled in Kubinashi with two strings. Can you play your genius on a string? " Paganini promised to give it a try. A few weeks later, he really wrote an army sonata (Op. 3 1) with G strings, entitled Napoleon. In August, this work was played in front of a large court audience. His later Sonata of Mary Louise (Op.65), variations of recitative and three arias, etc. It is also a "solo practice" specially played by G string.

A faithful explorer of guitar art

The name Paganini is always closely associated with the violin. However, little is known about Paganini's achievements in guitar. In fact, Paganini can not only play the guitar, but also be a guitarist. Paganini gave up public violin playing activities for several years in order to concentrate on learning guitar.

The classical guitar art in Europe once flourished in the18th century, which was inseparable from the efforts of several guitar artists at that time, such as Sol, aguado and Giuliani. After the death of these outstanding figures, European classical guitar art tended to decline for a time, and it was not until the middle and late19th century that it was revived.

Paganini studied guitar when the classical guitar art was at a low ebb. He organically transplanted many guitar playing techniques to the violin, which greatly enhanced the expressive force of the violin. Paganini left a lot of violin works and guitar music in his life, all of which are exquisite works of art. Interestingly, his violin music is almost famous for its difficult skills, while guitar music is rarely "showy", mostly concise and beautiful.

Paganini is an important figure in the history of guitar art, not only because he left a few precious guitar songs, but more importantly, he helped guitar art at low tide and made indelible contributions to the revival of guitar art in the middle and late19th century.

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