Changdu Changhang Dege Institute of Printing

Traveler Boundless tj Text/Photography

(Panorama of Dege Institute of Printing)

Highlights of Dege Institute of Printing:

1. The largest printing place of Tibetan Buddhist classics in China, with Tibetan name "Dege Jixiang Juhui Garden"; Only some places in the world still print scriptures by hand by carving. It has a history of 229 years.

2. It is famous for its rich collection of books, complete categories and inclusiveness of various sects, and enjoys the reputation of "encyclopedia of Tibetan culture".

3. Unique structure, towering red walls, quiet and spectacular; The organizational system on the first floor and the third floor is patchwork, typical Tibetan architectural style; The hospital is divided into a board library, a paper library, a drying building, a board washing table, a paper-cutting and book sorting room, a Buddhist temple and a lecture hall.

4. More than 830 Tibetan classics, * * * ***2 1.7 million, including the famous Ganjul, Danjul, Sakya Quanshu, the Origin of Buddhism, Defending the Tibetan Mountain, Four Medical Codes and Poems; Together with Potala Palace and Donna in Shigatse, they are called the three Tibetan Classics Institutes.

5. Go to imperial academy to do three things: touch the True Sutra of Dan Zhu Er and feel happy; Worship the green Tara and touch the fairy; When you meet a living Buddha, you will be lucky to find some holy water.

(Yuan is a national key cultural relics protection unit)

Dege, which means "good land", is the hometown of King Gelsall.

From Changdu to Chengdu by car, take National Highway 3 17, cross Jiangda, cross Jinsha River, enter the Sichuan border, and it's past noon to Dege County. Stay and listen, order a piece of meat and stir-fry Beijing white mixed rice, settle down hungry, and then walk to the Indian Academy on a hot summer day.

(Looking at the Indian Institute from another angle)

After receiving instructions, I strolled across the stone bridge on the Seku River and took to the stone road. At the corner of the road is the silent college. Its red walls are towering, its pavilions are looming, its Falun is bright, and it shines in the hot sun. Maybe it's to give me an appetite. The locked courtyard door told me that I missed the opening time (half a day every morning). I can only look at its outline first, look at the elegant demeanor under the veil, and feel its sacredness in the piety of the reformers.

(Printing scriptures after rain)

Turning over the scriptures is a daily lesson for Tibetans. It has nothing to do with utility, almost every day, and it can be abandoned like air, water and bazin all its life.

(sentient beings are on their way to the scriptures)

There are monks in red robes, beggars in rags, fashionable women and even babies in the procession of turning the scriptures. They walked in one direction, twirling prayer beads, shaking prayer flags, singing proverbs, pure eyes, polished stone roads under their feet, turning and turning, from birth to death, from the world.

(Treasure of imperial academy, Statue of Green Tara)

Colorful songs on the guest house, pushing the window to look at the moon, sleeping on the pillow, as if I were in a fairyland, and the surging river accompanied me to sleep, which is actually a rare sweetness in the city

(Living Buddha who sprinkles holy water on believers)

It's raining and dusty, and then I'm busy going to the Institute of Printing. This is the only attraction in this trip that collects tickets. 50 yuan is expensive, and people over 65 can visit for free.

Yuan followed the ancient way of opening doors, using gongs to open doors. )

As pilgrims swarmed in, the smell of paper and ink came to my face. When I entered the room, I went to the Institute of Printing according to the prescribed route, and I knew the whole process of book writing like the back of my hand from paper feeding, paper cutting, soaking, ink grinding, printing, pagination and binding. Understanding the history of the Institute of Printing and the fine operation of printmaking, collection, cleaning, drying and modification is a sensory and spiritual shock.

I was ecstatic before the engraving of the Tripitaka (Dan Zhuer) in the classic library.

Because I was engaged in publishing and printing in my early years, I paid more attention to its printing details besides understanding its historical evolution. Many wonderful moments made you linger and marvel.

In the print library, there are a lot of classic works. This is the mother library of Tibetan Buddhist classics, which has a long history of carving on pieces of wood, and some are similar to the plate-making process of Tianjin Yangliuqing New Year pictures. Mother's correctness and authority ensure the spread and correctness of Buddhist classics. Touch the uneven handwriting, appreciate the depth of the knife carving, stained with some red and black ink, you can feel the piety and cultivation of the craftsman who goes deep into the bone marrow. Carving beautiful prose is like carving your own soul; Blow away sawdust, as if blowing away emptiness, leaving repairs between the lines.

(whole process of block printing)

In the mill, grinding cinnabar rustled. There are two kinds of ink colors for printing classics, red cinnabar and black smoke ink. For example, the sacred Dan Zhuer is printed with vermilion to show solemnity. Developing cinnabar in a corner of the scholastic, the craftsman grinds with his right hand, adds sand to his left hand, and mumbles something in his mouth. Accompanied by the rustling sound, it symphonied a long and beautiful Sanskrit, which flowed out in red, waiting to render the profound Buddhism.

Review is a more detailed job.

Good at printing page warping and brush lifting. The place where the classics are printed is open, and you can enjoy the art of hand printing at close range. Two craftsmen sat opposite each other, with a wooden board tilted in the middle. One was brushing ink and the other was lifting paper. They are as fast as machines, as accurate as clocks, and they have humming scriptures to match their movements, no less than modern printing. It can be seen that they have been honed for many years. Repeated printing, repeated tilting, paper spreads classics, and life is full of piety.

(Dege's seal cutting works, Figure 1, Dan Zhuer's seal cutting. Figure 2, sorting of carving library. Figure 3, Tibetan "staff". Figure 4. "Six-character Proverbs" seal carved by woodcut masters)

Page binding, accurate programming action. Finishing and binding in the long corridor, only one craftsman is working when bending over. The sorted pages were linked into a book, and he picked up a corner and shook it neatly. The movements are like fans opening and closing, and the routine movements dance with graceful rhythm, and the pages are obedient under his hands. Sometimes simple work can play tricks, because of concentration and professionalism, because of professionalism and experts.

(Master sculptor, 50 years of service, 654.38+ one million sculptures)

The engraving is wonderful to the tip of ingenuity. This is the most delicate work in the printing of Buddhist scriptures, and it is necessary to engrave and modify the missed scriptures. Master has been working for 50 years and carved 6,543,800 pieces. He is the top master of the Indian Academy. I saw that he took the collated words and found out the mistakes and omissions in the engraving. After cutting off the wooden strips with a meat cleaver, he filled them in and re-engraved the correct words. The handwriting and carver are the same as the last one. It's amazing. Familiar with scripture and exquisite skills have reached the point of perfection.

(corner of engraving library)

I beg the sculptor to teach me the correct pronunciation of "six-character proverbs", "てては (horse)? (n) (b) (m) (m) silently walked out of the School of Printing.

Dege is a pure land,

Silent element is Dunhuang in the snowy area.

The baptism of faith, the practice of faith.

(The tour guide has the same name as mezzo-soprano Yang Di Zhuo Ma, and she is a Dege. )