Renewable energy application design for a comprehensive building?

Abstract: This article introduces the advantages and disadvantages of four renewable energy sources, and provides a reference for selecting appropriate renewable energy application solutions in actual design applications.

Project Overview:

1.1 Project Name: Tertiary Industry Comprehensive Building in a certain city.

1. 2Construction location:

This project is located at Gaoxin Sixth Road, Xixiangtang District, a certain city, with convenient transportation.

3 Project nature: New building

4 Project type: Hotel complex

1. 5 Project scale:

This project is The tertiary industry complex building in Xixiangtang District of a certain city has two floors underground and 22 floors above ground. The total construction area is 49914㎡, of which the underground construction area is 9988㎡, the above-ground construction area is 39926㎡, and the building area is 3258㎡. , the fire resistance level is Class II, and the design service life of the building is Class III for 50 years. According to 6 degree seismic fortification, the main body is a frame structure. Consider designing a centralized hot water supply (from top to bottom) for use in rooms on the 8th floor. The renewable energy application area totals 8268.24m2.

The significance of renewable energy utilization and national policy background

1. "Renewable Energy Law of the People's Republic of China" (effective from January 1, 2006) Chapter Article 17 The state encourages units and individuals to install and use solar water heating systems, solar heating and cooling systems, solar photovoltaic power generation systems and other solar energy utilization systems.

2. Chapter 2, Article (5) Article 4 of the "Regulations on Energy Conservation of Civil Buildings" (effective from October 1, 2008), the state encourages and supports energy-saving renovation of new buildings and existing buildings Renewable energy sources such as solar energy and geothermal energy are used.

Article 20: For buildings with renewable energy utilization conditions, the construction unit shall select appropriate renewable energy for heating, cooling, lighting, hot water supply, etc.; the design unit shall follow relevant Design for renewable energy utilization standards.

The construction of renewable energy utilization facilities should be designed, constructed and accepted simultaneously with the main building project.

3. "Notice on the National Special Supervision and Inspection of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in the Construction Sector in 2009" Jianke [2010] No. 45, Article (4) Optimizing the structure and integrating renewable energy into the building A breakthrough has been achieved in large-scale application. In accordance with the strategic deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council to “expand domestic demand, maintain growth, adjust structure, and promote people’s livelihood” and the needs of the development situation of renewable energy building applications, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development have timely adjusted the demonstration methods and content to launch my country’s “solar energy Rooftop Plan", and organized and implemented the "City Demonstration of Renewable Energy Building Applications" and "Renewable Energy Building Application Demonstration in Rural Areas", and identified the first batch of 21 demonstration cities and 38 county-level demonstrations in rural areas. Promote the application of renewable energy in buildings from focusing on individual projects to focusing on the region as a whole.

4. The significance of solar energy utilization in renewable energy.

First, solar energy construction is an active exploration that conforms to the trend of the times. In the 21st century, mankind has entered the era of ecological civilization, and it will inevitably be accompanied by an energy revolution. At present, the world's new energy industry is developing at a rate of more than 30% per year. Some scientists predict that by 2050, solar energy will replace more than 50% of conventional energy sources worldwide.

Second, building solar energy is a concrete action to implement the scientific outlook on development. To implement the Scientific Outlook on Development and build an environment-friendly, resource-saving society, the first problem to be solved is how to develop and use renewable new energy and protect the ecological environment. This is a strategic issue related to the sustainable development of a country and region. In the effective utilization of renewable energy, solar energy is more superior than other renewable energy sources, whether in terms of the quantity of resources, universality of distribution, cleanliness, or reliability of technology, and is inexhaustible. , inexhaustible, non-polluting, cheap, energy that humans can freely use (the energy that the sun shines on the earth every second is equivalent to 5 million tons of coal, and the energy projected onto the earth's surface in 40 minutes is equivalent to the world's annual energy The total amount of energy consumed.

The solar radiation energy received by our country is equivalent to the power generation of tens of thousands of Three Gorges Projects). In fact, all the energy we use on the earth now comes from the sun. Coal and oil are solidified solar materials. Direct use of solar energy is also a manifestation of returning to nature.

Third, the solar energy construction of this project will make a positive contribution to the city’s construction of a demonstration city for renewable energy utilization.

Renewable energy application plan analysis:

There are many renewable resources, and those suitable for a certain city mainly include solar energy, shallow geothermal energy, surface water resource thermal energy, etc. The following is a comparison of their respective advantages and disadvantages to select the suitable renewable energy utilization for this project.

1. Utilization plan of surface water source hot water system---surface water source heat pump

Working principle: Surface water source heat pump system uses heat pump to extract water from shallow surface water (groundwater or surface water) ) absorbs a large amount of low-temperature heat (or cold energy), and circulates the heat pump system to increase the absorbed heat from low-temperature to high-temperature, providing users with winter heating, summer refrigeration and air conditioning, year-round hot water supply or refrigeration, air conditioning and hot water. joint supply. It only needs to consume a small amount of high-grade energy (such as electricity) to obtain a thermal energy effect that is several times higher than the input energy.

Working principle diagram of surface water source heat pump system

Advantages:

Wide range of application: suitable for hotels and hotels in areas where the minimum outdoor temperature in winter is higher than -10 degrees , central hot water and heating and cooling air conditioning systems in resorts, saunas, schools, military units, hospitals, nursing homes and communities.

Long life: The design life of the equipment is generally about 15 years. The soil heat exchanger uses high-strength inert materials and has a buried life of at least 50 years.

Short investment payback period: The investment cost of the hot water system can be recovered from energy saving fees in about 3 years. The annual operating cost of ground source heat pump central air conditioning is 30% lower than that of traditional central air conditioning.

Disadvantages: (relative to this project) It is greatly affected by available water source conditions and climate conditions.

There is a municipal drainage ditch next to the project, and the water level is usually very low. The heat required for this project is 1209600kcal, or 1406.5kw (the hot water calculation part in the detailed design plan). The municipal flood drain alone as the water source cannot meet the operation requirements of the surface water source heat pump. This project lacks a stable and sufficient surface water source as a heat source, that is, it does not meet the on-site conditions.

2. Utilization plan of soil source hot water system - soil source heat pump

Working principle: The working principle of soil source heat pump (soil heat exchange geothermal heat pump) system is to heat water from indoors in summer. The waste heat is taken out and released to the outdoors. In winter, heat is taken from the outdoors and released into the room. In summer, that is, during cooling conditions, the heat pump working medium evaporates in the indoor side heat exchanger to take out the indoor waste heat, performs heat exchange in the outdoor side heat exchanger (earth coil), and releases the waste heat to the outdoors, and the indoor air is Cooling; in winter, that is, during heating conditions, the four-way reversing valve changes direction, and the heat pump working medium evaporates in the outdoor side heat exchanger (earth coil) to absorb heat from the outside, and transfers it to the indoor side heat exchanger. The heat is released to the indoor air to provide indoor heating. The soil source heat pump uses the earth as a heat source and heat sink, and uses a heat exchanger buried in the shallow layer of the earth's surface as an intermediate heat exchange device. It takes heat from the earth in winter and releases heat to it in summer.

Working principle diagram of soil source heat pump

Characteristics of soil source heat pump: Soil source heat pump has many advantages, and it has positive significance in energy saving and reducing environmental pollution.

1. First of all, soil source heat pumps are highly economical and have obvious energy-saving effects. A comparison of ground source heat pumps and air source heat pumps shows that ground source heat pumps are efficient. Air source heat pumps use outdoor air as a heat source and heat sink, and outdoor air changes significantly with the seasons. This causes the cooling and heating capacity of the air source heat pump to fluctuate greatly with seasonal changes. In the coldest month of winter, the outdoor air temperature reaches the lowest level of the year, and it becomes more and more difficult for the air source heat pump's working fluid to absorb heat from the outdoors. In summer, on the contrary, the air source heat pump's working fluid loses more heat to the outdoor air in the hottest month. difficulty. This often makes the cooling capacity and heating capacity of the air source heat pump fail to meet user requirements.

The soil source heat pump solves this dilemma by using the shallow soil on the surface where the temperature is relatively stable throughout the year as the heat source and heat sink.

2. Soil source heat pump has good environmental protection characteristics. With the development of urbanization in my country, there is an urgent need to reduce the pollution caused by coal-fired heating in cities. At the same time, people have put forward more requirements for heating and cooling. Ground source heat pumps provide a solution to this contradiction. The heat source and heat sink of the soil source heat pump is the earth, which is a renewable energy source. There is no hot river combustion equipment, no smoke exhaust, and no waste. Although its driving energy still uses fossil fuels directly or indirectly, it is different from boilers burning fossil fuels. Compared with heating methods, the pollution to the environment is greatly reduced. According to the data, the energy consumption of heat pump heating is about 0.78 of the energy consumption of boiler heating, and the emissions of CO2 and SO2 are 0.78 and 0.65 of boiler heating respectively.

3. In addition, the use of soil source heat pump for heating has good comfort. Ordinary air source heat pumps often feel like blowing cold wind. Although the treated air temperature is higher than the indoor air temperature, it is lower than the temperature of people's skin. Ground source heat pumps will not produce this phenomenon. The temperature of the treated air is higher than that of people's skin, so it has good comfort.

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