Who is Wei Gongzi?

Wei Gongzi's name is Wuji, the youngest son of Wei, and the half-brother of King Anli. After Zhao Haoqi's death, King Anli ascended the throne and named his son Xinlingjun. At that time, Fan Sui fled from Wei to Qin as Qin Xiang. Wei Qi, who resented Wei Xiang, killed him and sent Qin Jun to besiege the girders, which defeated the troops stationed in Huayang, causing Jiang Weimang Mao to run away in defeat. Both Wang Wei and childe are very anxious about this matter.

Childe is a kind, generous and polite corporal. No matter whether the scholar is talented or not, he always associates humbly and courteously, and never dares to despise the scholar because of his wealth. Therefore, thousands of scholars in Fiona Fang rushed to join him, attracting 3,000 diners. At that time, due to the virtuous children and numerous guests, the vassal States dared not use their troops to invade Wei for more than ten years.

Once, Gongzi and Wang Wei were playing chess, and they didn't want an alarm from the northern border, saying, "Zhao sent troops to invade and will enter the customs." Wang Wei immediately put down his chess pieces and called his ministers to discuss countermeasures. The son dissuaded Wang Wei and said, "It's just that Zhao Wang hunted, not invaded the DPRK." Then he continued to play chess with Wang Wei as if nothing had happened.

But Wang Wei was scared and didn't have the heart to play chess. After a while, news came from the north, saying, "It's just Wang Zhao hunting, and there is no invasion." Wang Wei was greatly surprised and asked, "How do you know?"

The son replied, "One of my diners can find the secret of Wang Zhao. If Wang Zhao does something, he will report it to me immediately, so I know it. " From then on, Wang Wei was afraid of his talent and dared not appoint him to handle state affairs.

Hou Ying, a hermit of Wei, is seventy years old and comes from a poor family. He is the gatekeeper of the East Gate of Daliangcheng. When my son heard about this man, he sent someone to visit him and wanted to give him a generous gift. However, Hou Ying refused to accept it and said, "I have cultivated my self-cultivation and adhered to my integrity for decades. After all, I can't accept my son's gift because I am poor. "

The son then gave a banquet to entertain the guests. After everyone came to sit down, the son took the horses and chariots and his entourage, left the seat above the car and personally went to the east gate to meet Mr. Hou. Mr. Hou tidied up his shabby coat and hat, went straight to the car and sat in the distinguished seat vacated by his son. He has no modesty at all, and wants to observe his son's attitude.

But the son holds the reins more respectfully. Mr. Hou said to his son, "I have a friend in the slaughterhouse in the market." I hope you can give me a ride to visit him. " The son immediately drove to the market, and Mr. Hou got off to see his friend Zhu Hai. He squinted at his son and stood there for a long time, chatting with friends and secretly observing his son.

Childe's face is more pleasant. At this time, the generals, prime ministers, imperial clan ministers and distinguished guests of Wei were seated, waiting for the childe to raise a glass and hold a banquet. Everyone in the market saw his son driving for Mr. Hou with a reins in his hand. Childe's entourage secretly scolded Mr. Hou. Mr. Hou saw his son's face unchanged before saying goodbye to his friends. When I got home, my son led Mr. Hou to the upper position.

And introduced Mr. Hou to all the guests, and all the guests were amazed. When everyone was in high spirits, my son stood up and went to Mr. Hou to raise his glass and bless him. Mr. Hou then said to his son, "I've had enough of my son's troubles in Houying today."

I am only the gatekeeper at the east gate of the city, but my son wronged me and greeted me in public. I shouldn't have visited my friends again, but today my son condescended to accompany me to visit him. However, I also want to achieve the reputation of the son, deliberately let the son's chariots and horses stop at the market for a long time, and observe the son by visiting friends. As a result, the son is even more inconspicuous.

Everyone in the street thinks I am a villain, but that son is a noble man and can be polite to corporal. "After the banquet broke up, Mr. Hou became the guest of childe.

Mr. Hou said to his son, "Zhu Hai, the butcher I visited, was a smart man, but people didn't know him, so he disappeared among the butchers." Childe visited Zhu Hai many times, and Zhu Hai deliberately did not pay a return visit to thank him, which made him feel very strange.

In the twentieth year of Wei Anli (257 BC), King Zhao of Qin defeated the Zhao army in Changping, and then invaded and besieged Handan. Childe's sister is the wife of Zhao Huiwen's younger brother Ping Yuanjun. She has written to Wang Weihe's son many times and asked Wei for help. Wang Wei sent general Jin Bi to lead hundreds of thousands of troops to save Zhao.

When Qin heard about this, he sent a message to Wang Wei, saying, "It's only a matter of time before I take Zhao. Whoever dares to save Zhao will send troops to attack him first. " Wang Wei was afraid, so he sent someone to stop the March, and left the army to camp in Yecheng, nominally to save Zhao, but in fact he adopted a two-sided strategy and waited and saw the development of the situation.

The messenger's car kept coming to Wei, and he was in a hurry frequently, blaming Wei Gongzi for saying, "I, Zhao Sheng, wanted to marry you because you are virtuous and can enthusiastically help others out of danger." Now Handan is in danger and will soon surrender to Qin, but Wei's reinforcements have not come yet. Where can you help others escape?

Besides, even if you don't take me Zhao Sheng seriously, abandon me and let me surrender to Qin, don't you pity your sister? "Childe worried about this matter, repeatedly asked Wang Wei to send troops quickly, and let the guest debater try his best to persuade Wang Wei. Because Wang Wei was afraid of Qin, he never listened to the advice of his son.

Childe estimates that he can't get Wang Wei's consent to send troops after all, so he is determined not to die and let Zhao perish. So he invited guests, bolted more than 100 chariots, and planned to take the guests to the battlefield to perish together with Qin Jun and Zhao Guoren. Childe crossed the east gate with the motorcade, went to see Mr. Hou, and told Mr. Hou all his plans to fight for his life with Qin Jun.

Then say goodbye to Mr. Hou and get ready to go. Before leaving, Mr. Hou said, "Work hard, son, I can't accompany you." After walking a few miles, the son was unhappy and said to himself, "The way I treat Mr. Hou is well thought out, and everyone knows it. Now I'm dying, but Mr. Hou didn't say a word to see me off. Do I have any questions? "

So I hurried back to ask Mr. Hou. As soon as Mr. Hou saw his son, he smiled and said, "I knew my son would come back." He went on to say, "My son is famous for his hospitality and love for the world. Now that we are in danger, there is no other way, but wanting to go to Qin's army is like throwing meat at a hungry tiger. What's the use?

If so, are we here as guests? The son treated me well, but I didn't see him off, so I know that the son feels sorry for me and will definitely come back. "Childe paid tribute to Mr. Hou twice in a row, and then asked about the countermeasures.

Mr. Hou told the others to leave and had a secret conversation with his son. He said: "I heard that Wang Wei often keeps military symbols in his bedroom. Among his wives and concubines, Ru Ji is the most favored. She goes in and out of Wang Wei's bedroom at will. As long as she tries her best, she can steal the military symbol. I also heard that Ruji's father was killed. Ruji's desire for revenge has been saved for three years. Since Wang Wei, all officials have tried to avenge Ruji, but they have failed to do so.

To this end, Ruji once cried to his son, and his son sent a public servant to behead his enemy and respectfully dedicate it to Ruji. Minute died for childe, she was diligent, but she didn't have the opportunity to act.

If the son asks Ruji for help, if she will definitely agree, then he can get the symbol of the tiger and seize the military power. The north can save Zhao and the west can resist Qin. This is the achievement of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. "Childe listened to Hou Ying's plan and asked Ruji for help. For example, Ji did steal the despicable military emblem and give it to childe.

The son got the military standard and was ready to go. Mr. Hou said: "The general has the right to dispose of it organically when he is fighting outside. Some orders of the monarch are unacceptable for the convenience of the country. Even if the two happen to coincide with each other over there, the verification is true, but Jinbi still doesn't give the childe the relieving but asks Wang Wei, and that will be dangerous.

My friend Zhu Hai, the butcher, can go with you. This man is a Hercules. It would be great if Jinbi listened; If he doesn't listen, you can let Zhu Hai kill him. "Childe after hearing these words, he cried. Seeing this, Mr. Hou asked, "Are you afraid of death? Why are you crying? "

Confucius said, "Jinbi is a veteran of Wei, brave and good at fighting. I was afraid that I would go to him and he would not obey orders, so he cried sadly. Where is the fear of death? " So the son went to find Zhu Hai.

Zhu Hai said with a smile, "I'm just a butcher who kills things in the market, but my son has come to see me many times. The reason why I don't pay you a return visit is because I think the small gift part is useless. " Now that my son has an accident, I should kill myself for my son. "My son and I hit the road together. My son went to say goodbye to Mr. Hou.

Mr. Hou said, "I should have gone with you, but I am too old to go." Please allow me to calculate your travel date. On the day you arrived at the Jinbi Military Department, my neck was stuck to the north when I died to show my loyalty to seeing your son off. "The son then set off on his way.

When he arrived in Yecheng, his son took out the military code and wrongly conveyed Wang Wei's order to replace Jin Bi as the general. Jinbi combined with military symbols, which was proved to be correct, but he still doubted it. He raised his hand, stared at his son and said, "Now I command a hundred thousand troops and station at the border. This is an important task related to the fate of the country. You are the only one to replace me today. What is this? "

I was about to refuse to take orders. At this time, Zhu Hai took out 40 Jin of iron vertebra hidden in his sleeve, and one vertebra killed Jinbi, so his son took over the command of Jinbi army. Then he reorganized his military capacity and ordered the army: "If both father and son are in the army, the father will go home; If the two brothers are in the army, the eldest brother will go home; The only son who has no brothers goes home to support the elderly. "

After rectification and selection, 80,000 elite soldiers were obtained. Open colophon front line attack Qin Jun, escorting, handan saved, zhao saved. The prince of Zhao and Ping Yuanjun came to the suburbs to meet the childe. Ping Yuanjun leads the way for the son who walks in front with a bag full of arrows. Wang Zhao thanked him twice in a row and said, "Since ancient times, no sage can catch up with childe."

At this time, Ping Yuanjun dare not compare himself with others. After his son said goodbye to Mr. Hou, the day he arrived at Yecheng Military Camp, Mr. Hou really died facing north.

Wang Wei's angry son stole his military law and falsely spread your orders to kill Jinbi, and this son knows it well. So he repelled and rescued Zhao, and ordered his troops to return to Wei, and the son stayed in Zhao with all the guests. King Xiao Zhao thanked the son for seizing the resplendent military power under your command, thus safeguarding the just behavior of Zhao State. Negotiate with Ping Yuanjun to raise five cities for the son.

After hearing the news, my son became arrogant and looked smug. One of the doormen advised his son, "Some things can't be forgotten, and some things can't be forgotten. Others are kind to childe, childe can't forget; Childe is very kind to others, I hope you can forget.

In addition, under the pretext of Wang Wei's orders, he seized the relieving power and saved Zhao, which was Zhao's credit, but not a loyal minister to Wei. Childe is so self-righteous, self-righteous, I privately think childe really shouldn't. Upon hearing this, "childe immediately blame yourself, as if very ashamed.

Zhao held a grand welcoming banquet. King Zhao cleaned the steps of the palace, personally greeted the distinguished guests at the door, and performed the host's etiquette to lead his son into the west steps of the palace. Childe sideways, again and again refused to humility, take the initiative from the east order. At the party, my son said he was guilty. I am sorry for Wei, and I have no credit for Zhao.

Zhao Wang accompanied his son to drink until the evening, and he was always embarrassed to talk about the dedication of the five cities, because his son had always been humble and blamed himself. Childe finally stayed in Zhao. Zhao Wang dedicated the city of Iraq (luxury and consumption) to the son, and at this time Wang Wei also returned the city of Xinling to the son. Childe still stays in Zhao.

Childe heard that Zhao has two talents who are not in politics. One is Mao Gong hiding in a gambler, and the other is Gong Xue hiding in a hotel. Childe wanted to meet these two men, but they hid and refused to see Childe. When the son knew their hiding address, he quietly went to associate with these two people. Both of them took pleasure in getting to know each other and were very happy.

When Ping Yuanjun knew this situation, he said to his wife, "At first, I heard that his wife's younger brother, Wei Gongzi, was a great saint unparalleled in the world. Now I hear he's fooling around with gamblers and hotel guys. The son is just an ignorant person. " Ping Yuanjun's wife told her son these words.

After hearing this, the son said goodbye to his wife and was ready to leave here, saying, "I heard about the virtue before, so I saved Wang Wei from Zhao, which met the requirements." I know now that Ping Yuanjun's association with people is just a bold move to show off his wealth. He is not looking for talented people.

I heard that these two people are very talented when I was in Daliang, but I'm afraid I won't see them when I get to Zhao. Take me to associate with them, but I'm afraid they won't want me. Now Ping Yuanjun actually regards associating with them as humiliation, and Ping Yuanjun is not worth making friends with. "So he packed his bags and was ready to leave.

The lady told all the words to Ping Yuanjun, the son. Ping Yuanjun felt ashamed when she heard this, so she took off her hat and apologized to him, and resolutely kept him. When the guests in Ping Yuanjun heard the news, half of them left Ping Yuanjun to join the son, and all the scholars in the world joined the son and joined his door. Childe's behavior made Ping Yuanjun's guests admire him, and they all came to the door of Childe.

Childe stayed in Zhao for ten years and never returned to Wei. When Qin heard that the son lived in Zhao, he sent troops to attack Wei day and night. Wang Wei was in a hurry and sent an emissary to ask the son to return to China. Worried that Wang Wei would be angry with himself, the son warned the guests: "Whoever dares to inform Wang Wei's envoy will be executed."

All the guests turned their backs on Wei and voted for Zhao, and no one dared to persuade Zi to return to Wei. At this time, Mao Gong and Gong Xue went to see their son and said, "My son is highly respected in Zhao, and he became a vassal because of the existence of Wei.

Now Qin is attacking Wei, and Wei is in danger, but his son doesn't care. If Qin breaks through the girder and razes the ancestral temple of your ancestors, what face will his son have to live in the world? "Words haven't say that finish, childe's face changed immediately, told the driver to hurry back to save wei.

When Wang Wei saw the son, both of them couldn't help crying. Wang Wei gave general print to the son, and the son officially took up the post of commander-in-chief of the army.

In the thirtieth year of Wei Anli (247 BC), his son sent envoys to inform the vassal states and appointed him as a general. When the princes learned that their son had become a general in the world, they all sent troops to save Wei. Childe led the troops of five vassal states to defeat Qin Jun in the south of the Yellow River, which made Meng Ao, the general of Qin State, escape.

Then they chased them to Hangu Pass and locked Qin Jun in Hangu Pass, so they wouldn't dare to pass again. At that time, the reputation of the son shook the world, and the guests of various vassal States presented the art of war. The son put them together and signed his name, so it was called Wei's Art of War.

The King of Qin was worried that Childe would further threaten the State of Qin, so he bribed the State of Wei with 10,000 Jin of gold, found the original public servants, and told them to slander Wang Wei, saying, "Childe has been in exile for ten years, and now he is the general of the State of Wei, and the generals of the vassal States are under his command. The vassals only knew that Wei had a son, but they didn't know that there was a Wang Wei.

Childe also wants to take this opportunity to decide to become king. The vassals are afraid of the prestige of the son and intend to come forward and make him king. "Qin has repeatedly carried out the practice of" questioning ",using Wei's spies in Qin to pretend not to know, asking them to congratulate the childe and ask whether they have been made Wang Wei. Every day, Wang Wei heard these slanderers from the son, but he couldn't help but believe them. Later, he sent someone to replace the son as a general.

The son himself knows that this is another time he was deposed for slander, so he excused himself from going to court on the pretext of illness. He eats and drinks with his guests at home all night, drinks hard liquor and often goes out with women. In this way, he spent four years having fun day and night, and finally died of drinking too much. This year, King Wei Anli also passed away.

When the King of Qin got the news that his son had died, he sent Meng Ao to attack Wei, occupied 20 cities and began to establish the East County. From then on, Qin gradually invaded the territory of Wei like mulberry leaves. Eighteen years later, it captured Wei Wangjia, slaughtered soldiers and civilians and destroyed the capital.

When Emperor Gaozu was in a humble position, he heard many times that Wei Gongzi was virtuous and talented. When he ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, he often went to sacrifice to his son every time he passed the girder. In the 12th year of Emperor Gaozu (BC 195), he came back from the front, where he defeated the rebel general Qing Bu. When crossing the girder, he arranged for five families to keep the tomb for his son and let them sacrifice to his son every year according to the four seasons.

Tai Shigong said: I visited the so-called Yimen when I passed the ruins of the girder. It turns out that Yimen is the east gate of Dalian Liangcheng. There are indeed hospitable people among many sons in the world, but only the new ones can make friends with those who are hidden in every corner of society. He is not ashamed of making friends with the lower class untouchables, which makes sense. It is true that his reputation far exceeds that of princes.

Therefore, every time Gaozu crossed the girder, he ordered the people to sacrifice to him.

Extended data

Appreciation of Biography of Wei Gongzi

In this biography, a series of activities are described in detail, such as personally driving to see off the janitor Hou Ying, publicly visiting the butcher Zhu Hai, secretly making friends with gambler Mao Gong and selling pulp.

With the help of these "cave hermits", regardless of his personal safety and self-interest, he stepped forward and completed the historical cause of "stealing symbols to save Zhao" and "saving Qin from Wei". Thus, it affirmed the new ideological quality of caring for Wei, being a virtuous corporal and saving the nation from extinction. This is also the theme of this biography.

As Taishi Gongxu said, "You can make money from poverty, and you can corrupt morality, but only by trusting Ling Jun can you do it". It is worth noting that the biography uses a lot of pen and ink to describe several figures in the lower class (which can also be regarded as attached biography), especially the doorman Hou Ying, who is in the market and devoted himself to Wei, and his intelligence is far from that of princes or officials.

If we say that Xin performed the feat of "stealing symbols to save Zhao" on the historical stage, it is praised by people; Then, the janitor Hou Ying is the general director of this feat, and he is even more admirable and admirable. This reflects Sima Qian's progressive historical view of attaching importance to the power of the masses.

Xin Lingjun's ending was unfortunate, because he was so jealous that he was deposed by Wang Wei, so that he indulged in debauchery and eventually died of "sick wine". This not only revealed the weakness of Xin's ideological character, but also revealed the ugly behavior of the supreme ruler who was jealous of the sages and attacked the loyal ministers, which can be said to reflect the regularity of that era.

The article highlights the image of Wei Gongzi, the Xinlingjun, shows his moral character as a virtuous corporal, and tells his feat of stealing symbols to save Zhao with the help of Hou Ying, Ruji, Zhu Hai and others. Xinlingjun can not be afraid of rape, take care of the overall situation, regardless of personal life and death. This spirit, like Lu Zhonglian, who was "not the emperor of Qin" at that time, is commendable.

It should be noted that Hou Ying's plan of stealing symbols and seizing gold soldiers for Xinlingjun was not found in the Warring States Policy or other records in the pre-Qin period. It may be an anecdote of Liang's elders, which Sima Qian wrote down for the first time in history.

Baidu encyclopedia-biography of Wei Gongzi