Why does Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes have precious artistic, historical and archaeological research value? Please give an example.

Because Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes contain most exquisite Buddhist relics in ancient China, it is a treasure house for studying ancient Buddhist culture and traditional paintings and sculptures in China. Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, commonly known as Thousand Buddha Cave, is considered as the most valuable cultural discovery in the 20th century.

The construction of Dunhuang Grottoes and its historical process, the long history of Dunhuang, the influential clans and surnames in the local area, and the relationship between Dunhuang and neighboring ethnic groups and the western regions are not or rarely recorded in history. There are thousands of portraits of patrons in Dunhuang Grottoes, of which more than 1000 still have titles. Can understand a lot of historical situations and historical clues.

Most of the colorful sculptures and murals in Dunhuang Grottoes are Buddhist. For example, colored sculptures and murals of statues, Sakyamuni's Bunsen Sutra, karma, and Buddhist stories, paintings of various changes, countless Buddhist stories spread to the East, paintings of mythical figures and so on. , there are a lot of rich system material.

It also involves India, West Asia, Central Asia, Xinjiang and other regions, which can help us understand the Buddhist thoughts, sects, beliefs and spread in ancient Dunhuang and Hexi Corridor, the integration of Buddhism and China traditional culture, and the process of Buddhism's China.

The 1,000-year history of the construction of Dunhuang Grottoes coincides with the important development period of China's long-term separatist regime in the upper and lower Han Dynasties, its national integration and the unification of the north and the south, its peak in the Tang Dynasty and its decline.

This period is the formation and development of China's artistic procedures, schools, categories and theories, as well as the establishment and development of China's Buddhist theories and sects after Buddhism and Buddhist art were introduced. Buddhist art became an important category of China art, and finally completed the China period.

Dunhuang Grottoes are rich in architectural historical materials. Dunhuang murals depict tens of thousands of different types of architectural plans from the Sixteen Kingdoms to Xixia, including Buddhist temples, city walls, palaces, tombs, grass temples, vaults, tents, curtains, inns, hotels, slaughterhouses, beacon towers, bridges, prisons and tombs. These buildings include group buildings and single buildings with courtyard layout.

Dunhuang, as the transportation hub of China and the West, not only left the activity scene of business travel, but also left valuable images of transportation on murals. They have cows, horses, camels, mules, donkeys, elephants, boats, boats, cars, sedan chairs, horses, chariots and so on.

Statue paintings from Sui Dynasty to Xixia Dynasty, Buddhists, Bodhisattvas, disciples, bowls, cups, bowls, bottles, plates and other glassware during the period of pharmacists' change were all painted in transparent, light blue, light green, light brown and other colors.

The shape, color and decoration of glassware show Sassanian style or Roman style in West Asia, indicating that these glassware are imported from West Asia. Murals not only reflect the characteristics of ancient glass technology, but also reflect the glass trade between China and the West.

Extended data:

In the 26th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1900), the Tibetan Sutra Cave that shocked the world was discovered. Unfortunately, under the specific historical background of the corruption and incompetence of the late Qing government and the invasion of China by western powers. Shortly after the discovery of the cultural relics in the Tibetan Sutra Cave, western explorers such as Stein of Britain, Peliot, Zuqiao Lihua of Japan and Odenburg of Russia came to Dunhuang one after another.

He defrauded a large number of cultural relics in the Tibetan Sutra Cave from Taoist Wang by improper means, resulting in the looting of cultural relics in the Tibetan Sutra Cave. Most of them were unfortunately scattered, and only a few of them were preserved in China, which caused an unprecedented catastrophe in the cultural history of China.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Mogao Grottoes (a famous world cultural heritage in Gansu)