A summary of Taiyuan's historical changes

in the sui dynasty, Taiyuan was the third largest city in China, second only to Chang' an and Luoyang.

The powerful Tang Dynasty originated in Taiyuan. Jinyang was called the Tang State in ancient times. After Li Yuan and his son made Chang 'an their capital, they took "Tang" as their country name. In the early Tang Dynasty, several emperors expanded Jinyang City several times, and successively named it "the northern capital" and "Beijing", and they were also called "the three capitals" and "the three capitals" with Chang 'an in Kyoto and Luoyang in the east. During the five dynasties and ten countries in the war, the later Tang Dynasty, the later Jin Dynasty, the later Han Dynasty and the northern Han Dynasty either made their fortune in Jinyang or took it as the national capital. At one time, Taiyuan became famous throughout the country and was called "Dragon City".

In the fourth year of Song Taiping's rejuvenation (979), Emperor Taizong Zhao Guangyi destroyed the Northern Han Dynasty, burned Jinyang City, and led the waters of Fen and Jin to ruin Jinyang. An ancient city with a long history of 1476 was completely destroyed.

Three years later, the new Taiyuan City rose in Tang Ming Town, which is more than 4 miles north of Guyangyang. After four years of Jiayou, Taiyuan Prefecture was established. During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Taiyuan City suffered from war.

in the early Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang made his third son Zhu Fang the king of Jin, and expanded Taiyuan City, which became one of the nine important towns. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, Taiyuan's economy developed rapidly, and its mining, commerce and handicrafts had a great influence on the national economy, and it was known as "Shanxi merchants hold the leading position in the country".

2. History and culture of Taiyuan

Since Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Taiyuan has been an important military, political, economic and cultural center in northern China, including Taotang, Bei Tang, Jin, Jinyang, Taiyuan County, Daiguo, Bingzhou, Taiyuan State, Longshan, Taiyuan Prefecture, Beidu, Beijing, Xijing, Longcheng, Taiyuan Road, Jining Road, Yangqu and Taiyuan.

Taiyuan was once the ancient capital of the Nine Dynasties in history, and many ancient buildings were built in the more than 2, years since the Zhou Dynasty. Taiyuan is in the center of the communication and conflict between the Chinese nation and the grassland nation.

from the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties to the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, there were some nationalities, such as Qundi, Zhurong, Xiongnu, Xianbei, Jiejie, Di, Qiang, Turkic, Uighur, Nuzhen, Qidan, Mongolia and Manchu, who had fierce conflicts and struggles with the Han nationality here. In such a historical environment, or because of imitation, or because of resisting foreign enemies, Taiyuan area is "strong in human nature, accustomed to military", such as Du You's "Bing is close to the customs and martial arts" in the General Code, forming a martial, strong and chivalrous folk custom.

Taiyuan dialect is Taiyuan dialect. Many emperors in history had a particularly close relationship with this city, so they were called Dragon City.

It is said that Tang Yao and Dayu once built their capital in Jinyang. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Heng, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, was given the title of king before he ascended the throne, and the capital city is today's Taiyuan, which is also known as the land of hidden dragons.

at the end of Cao Wei, the Wang Sima family of Jin, which was sealed in Taiyuan County, replaced Cao Wei to establish political power, and took "Jin" as the national title. The former Qin Dynasty, Northern Wei Dynasty, Eastern Wei Dynasty and Northern Qi Dynasty used Jinyang as their capital or as their actual political center.

Gao Huan, the great-grandfather of the Northern Qi Dynasty, called Taiyuan the overlord city. Yang Guang, Emperor Yangdi, was the King of Jin before he ascended the throne.

At the end of Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan stayed behind for Tang Guogong and Taiyuan, and set up an army in Jinyang to establish Datang, taking the ancient name of Taiyuan as the country name. Taiyuan became the land of Longxing in the Tang Dynasty and was praised by Emperor Taizong as "the foundation of Wang Ye and the foundation of the country".

Tang Gaozong was the king of Jin before she ascended the throne, while Empress Wu Zetian, who was also from Wenshui, Bing, became the only female emperor in China. Taiyuan House became the northern capital since Wuzhou, and Song Taizong was also named the king of Jin before she ascended the throne. The emblem of Taiyuan City is the first emblem of China, and its design contents are twin towers, union characters, coal seams and flames, symbolizing that Taiyuan City is a central city with a long history and rich coal resources as an energy and heavy chemical base and a new atmosphere of the four modernizations.

Taiyuan's capital dynasty and the names of all dynasties at that time. Name and position: Gubei Tang-Xutan-Zhao Jinyang Jinyuan National Capital (early) Northern Wei Jinyang Jinyuan Ba Fu Biedu Eastern Wei Jinyang Jinyuan Ba Fu Biedu Northern Qi Jinyang Jinyuan Ba Fu Biedu Tang Jinyang Jinyuan North Capital Beijing Later Tang Jinyang Jinyuan Capital Later Han Jinyang Jinyuan Capital Northern Han. Jinyang Jinyuan, the capital of Shanxi Province, was once the hometown of Shanxi merchants. As the earliest merchant in China, its history can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The Ming and Qing Dynasties became the most prosperous period of Shanxi merchants, and it became the first of the four major business gangs in China, and it has always dominated the China business community for 5 years. The family of Shanxi merchants is different from the general family of officials and gentry, and it is a traditional cultural family in China with the characteristics of commercial branding.

Shanxi merchants pioneered the "draft bank" in the history of China. "Draft Bank" is a way for merchants to trade in ancient China. "The trade route is far away, and it connects the world" was once prominent in the history of China, and even spread all over the world.

Taiyuan's national intangible cultural heritage Taiyuan's national intangible cultural heritage includes gongs and drums art (Taiyuan gongs and drums), Jin Opera, Lotus Falls, Feng fireball, the production skills of mature vinegar, the traditional production skills of moon cakes (Guo Dulin's Jin-style moon cakes), the traditional production skills of Liuweizhai sauce meat, traditional Chinese medicine health preservation (medicated diet Bazhen soup (brain)), temple fairs (Jinci temple fairs) and brick carving. There are only two mooncake making techniques in China: Taiyuan and Angel Guangdong.

Lotus Falls in Taiyuan Lotus Falls in Taiyuan (also known as "Lotus Music") is a kind of local music in Taiyuan, which is a kind of folk art with both rap and singing. It spreads in urban and rural areas, and its emergence and development are related to Cao Qiang, a native of Taiyuan. Lianhualuo's lyrics are basically seven words and four sentences in one paragraph, all of which are rhymed in Taiyuan dialect.

during the performance, the big bamboo board is buckled first, with small bamboo boards in between, and after three rounds of beating the board, the rap is started, with singing as the main part and white spaces between, with cadence and a slightly long ending. Taiyuan Lotus Blossom not only has seven pieces of accompaniment, but also develops into stringed instruments and percussion instruments.

The main musical instruments are Sanxian, dulcimer, erhu and Muyu. At that time, Lotus Falls paid little attention to performance, just talking and singing.

This is due to the form of street performance in his early years. Since liberation came to the stage, it has paid attention to the performance of figure and action.

In 21, "Lotus Fall" was selected as the third batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. Religious culture The religions in Taiyuan are Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity, Catholicism and Christianity.

The temples, temples, temples and churches in Taiyuan are places for religious activities of religious circles and believers. Buddhism: twin pagoda temple, Chongshan Temple, Big Buddha Temple, etc.

Taoism: Arctic Palace and Chunyang Palace. * * * Religion: Taiyuan Ancient * * * Temple.

Catholicism: Taiyuan Catholic Church, Notre Dame Church of Bansi Mountain in Taiyuan, Notre Dame Church of Qiku Mountain, Sacred Heart Church of Jesus on Heping South Road, etc. Christianity: Sports Road Christian Church, Zhengcun Christian Church, Qiaotou Street Christian Church, etc.

Others: Daguan Emperor Temple, Ancient Guandi Temple, City God Temple and Taiyuan Emperor Temple. 3. The history and culture of Taiyuan, Shanxi

Taiyuan: It was called Jinyang Bingzhou Longcheng in ancient times.

the city has a history of over 2,5 years. It was once the capital of Zhao, the capital of Beiqi, the town of three dynasties, the mansion of five dynasties and the capital of northern Wuzhou. During the Sui Dynasty, it was tied with Chang 'an as two major cities in China.

Li Shimin started from Taiyuan to fight against the Sui Dynasty. When he sent his troops south, he was bound to break into Chang 'an (the establishment of the Tang Dynasty), because Taiyuan was called "Tang" in ancient times (which shows the importance of Jinyang in Li Shimin's mind at that time). Li Shimin's daughter was named "jinyang princess" after Taiyuan.

Wu Zetian was born in Wenshui County, Bingzhou (now Taiyuan, Bingzhou). Di Renjie was born in Taiyuan, Bingzhou in Tang Dynasty.

Taiyuan is also called Dragon City because many emperors in history are related to Taiyuan. (For example, Taiyuan, Li Shimin, rose successfully, Gao Huan Levin and his son sat in Taiyuan for remote control, and Wu Zetian named Taiyuan the northern capital). 4. History of Taiyuan

In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Jinyang was the "other capital" of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty, and it always maintained the position of "dominating the government".

in the sui dynasty, Taiyuan was the third largest city in China, ranking second only to Chang' an and Luoyang. The powerful Tang Dynasty originated in Taiyuan, because Jinyang was known as the Tang State in ancient times. After Li Yuan and his son made Chang 'an their capital, they took "Tang" as their country name.

In the early Tang Dynasty, several emperors expanded Jinyang City several times, and successively named it "the northern capital" and "Beijing", and they were also called "the three capitals" and "the three capitals" with Chang 'an, the capital of Kyoto, and Luoyang, the eastern capital. The five dynasties and ten countries, which were frequently at war, either made their fortune in Jinyang or took it as the national capital. For a time, Taiyuan was famous throughout the country. Three generations refer to the Jin, Zhao and Northern Han Dynasties: nine emperors of Eastern Wei, Northern Qi, Tang, Later Tang and Later Jin Dynasties: Li Yuan, Li Shimin, Li Zhi, Li Cunxu, Li Siyuan, Li Congke, Shi Jingtang, Liu Zhiyuan, Liu Chong,. 5. Historical summary of Taiyuan in Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties

Introduction

Author "Dream of Red Mansions": Cao Xueqin, novelist of Qing Dynasty. James's name, the word Meng Ruan and Cao Xueqin are its resolutions.

Introduction: This book focuses on the love tragedy between Jia Baoyu and Xue. Through the description of the legendary wing failure of "Dream in a Dream of Red Mansions" and "Jia's Wang Xue", it shows a wide range of social visions, including colorful secular people. People call it the inner ability of "Dream of Red Mansions" in the historical era, and it is an encyclopedia of feudal society.

"Romance of the Three Kingdoms"

(1) Tomorrow: (Author) Luo Guanzhong

(2) Main content: The book describes the three upheavals of Han Wei (Cao Cao), Sichuan (Liu Bei) and Wu (Sun Quan). Judging from the current situation, the rise of disputes among heroes finally destroyed the historical story of the Western Jin Dynasty.

(3) Highlights: Taoyuan has three vows, the grass boat borrows an arrow, Battle of Red Cliffs and Cao Cao cook wine to talk about heroes, and they look after the thatched cottage

(4) Rushing the market: A, the clothes are worn and can be sewn; Brothers and sisters can be broken. B, an easy-to-get army is hard to find. C, strong customers don't press the Lord.

main features: Cao Cao, Liu Bei, Sun Quan, Zhuge Liang, Zhou Yu, Huang Gai, Meng, etc.

"Water Margin"

(1) Tomorrow: (Author) Shi Naian

(2) Content: This book is a story about Song Jiang in the Northern Song Dynasty, led by 18 people.

(3) Highlights: Wugong Jingyang Ganghu, head coach of Xuemiao Lin Feng, Xinglushan and Kansai Lutihai punched the town and outsmarted the birth class with one punch

(4) Quotes: A, Qiu En doesn't think it's a hero, and black and white are her husbands. B, the building will be tilted, and the wood can support the non-. C, such a powerful force is weak.

(5) Main features: Song Jiang, Lu, Lin, Hu, likui jy

"Journey to the West"

(1) Tomorrow: (Author) Wu Cheng'en

(2) Content: This book tells the story of Sanzang's journey through eighty-one difficult, going through all kinds of hardships, and finally scanning demons along the route to obtain the true scriptures.

(3) Highlights: the Monkey King made a scene in the Heavenly Palace, Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon, the true and false Monkey King, and the Monkey King was fanned by the cattail leaf, angrily suppressing the domestic husband

(4) Rushing the market: A, the emperor took turns to do it and came to my house next year. B, will be busy at home, busy families will not. C, the horse who looks at the saddle thinks that Didi thinks his relatives.

(5) Main roles: the Monkey King, the Monkey King, Pig Bajie, Friar Sand, Guanyin, Buddha and Bodhisattva. 6. Brief history of Taiyuan

Taiyuan is an ancient Chinese city with a long history of more than 2,5 years. In 23, it celebrated its 25th anniversary (497-23 BC).

is famous all over the world for its long history, splendid culture and rich resources. Taiyuan is very big. Compared with any city in China, including the famous ancient capitals of Beijing, Xi 'an, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Kaifeng and Luoyang, it is not inferior.

Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, once praised Taiyuan as "the king of heaven has three capitals, and the north is one of them." "Xiongfan is a huge town, and it is not a sage."

history and culture are the greatest spiritual wealth of the ancient city of Taiyuan. Taiyuan has accumulated a wealth of historical and cultural heritage, such as the "Jinci" garden, which can be called a bright pearl of Chinese culture; Built in twin pagoda temple in the Ming Dynasty, "Lingxiao Twin Towers" is an outstanding representative of the twin towers in China. Longshan Grottoes, the largest Taoist grottoes in China, are said by experts to be the best in the world. Mengshan Giant Buddha, which was built in the Northern Qi Dynasty and destroyed in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties, is comparable to Bamiyan Giant Buddha and Leshan Giant Buddha! In addition, there are the famous Buddhist temple Chongshan Temple built at the end of Sui Dynasty and the beginning of Tang Dynasty, and the Taoist temple palace Chunyang Palace and Duofu Temple with ethnic characteristics. 7. Introduction to Taiyuan (history, geography)

Taiyuan is the capital of Shanxi Province, the political, economic, cultural, educational, scientific, technological, transportation and information center of Shanxi Province, and one of the 22 mega-cities in China, which is located at the junction of the three major economic belts of China's east, west and east. In the layout of national opening up and economic development, Taiyuan has a two-way supporting role in connecting the east with the west and connecting the north with the south.

Taiyuan is located between 37 27 ′ ~ 38 25 ′ north latitude and 111 3 ′ ~ 113 9 ′ east longitude. It is located in the east of the Loess Plateau, in the middle of the Fenhe River Basin, surrounded by mountains on three sides, with an open valley basin in the south and the Fenhe River running through the city. The natural environment of Taiyuan is complex and diverse, and the ratio of earth-rock mountains, tableland hills and Pingchuan is about 5∶3∶2.

Among them, cultivated land accounts for 23%, forest land accounts for 25%, grassland accounts for 6%, and water area accounts for 3%. Taihang Mountain in the east, Lvliang in the west, Xizhou in the north, Woye in the south, and located in the valley plain at an altitude of 8 meters, which is called "Taiyuan Basin".

Taiyuan is rich in natural resources and rich in mineral deposits, including metallic minerals such as iron, manganese, magnesium, copper, lead and aluminum, as well as nonmetallic minerals such as coal, gypsum, sulfur, saltpeter, clay, Shi Ying, limestone and dolomite. Among the numerous minerals, the reserves of coal, iron and gypsum are the most, which is known as the "hometown of coal and iron".

The administrative division of Taiyuan now governs six districts (xiaodian district, yingze district, Xinghualing, jiancaoping district, Wanbailin and Jinyuan), three counties (Qingxu, Yangqu and loufan county), one city (Gujiao), two national development zones (Taiyuan Economic and Technological Development Zone and Taiyuan High-tech Development Zone) and two provincial development zones (Taiyuan Industrial Park and Taiyuan Stainless Steel Ecological Industrial Park). Historical Changes During the Paleolithic Age, 1, years ago, our ancestors flourished on both sides of the Fenhe River.

Taiqian, the initiator of Taiyuan's historical biography, was honored as the "God of Fenshui" for harnessing Fenshui and opening up Taiyuan Basin. Taiyuan was established and evolved in the first year of Lu Zhaogong (the 17th year of Jin Pinggong, the first 541 years). The State of Jin, Xun Wu, led an army to the north, and defeated the Wudong and Chidi tribes who occupied the area around Taiyuan today. 8. Taiyuan's changes in the past and present

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, heroes rose together, social unrest and political power changed. Jinyang City in this period was the center of competition among all parties.

at the end of the Tang dynasty, Li Keyong, chief of the Shatuo nationality, occupied Jinyang, and the Tang dynasty made him the king of Jin. Li Keyong took Zhaoyi (now Changzhi, Shanxi) in the south, Yunzhou (now Datong, Shanxi) in the north, divided into Hedong, and confronted Zhu Quanzhong, who was powerful and independent of the Central Plains.

Two years later (AD 92), Zhu Quanzhong surrounded Jinyang. Li Keyong stuck to Jinyang by accident and repelled Zhu Quanzhong's attack.

In the third year of Liang Long (AD 923), Li Cunxu, the son of Li Keyong, relied on Jinyang again.