Composition materials with the theme of "artisan spirit"

Craftsman's spirit refers to the craftsman's spiritual concept of meticulously crafting and improving his products.

Craftsmen like to constantly carve their own products, constantly improve their craft and enjoy the process of sublimation of products in their hands. Craftsmen have high requirements for details, pursue perfection and perfection, and have persistent persistence and pursuit of fine products, raising the quality from 99% to 99%. 99%, although its benefits are small, it has already benefited the world.

Once upon a time, artisans were an indispensable occupation for ordinary people in China. Carpenters, coppersmith, blacksmith, masons and so on, all kinds of craftsmen set the background color for the traditional life landscape with their exquisite skills. With the end of the farming era, society has entered the post-industrial era, and some old crafts and craftsmen who are not adapted to modern life gradually fade out of daily life, but the craftsman spirit is never out of date.

Second, the connotation:

1, keep improving. Pay attention to details, pursue perfection and perfection, spare no time and energy, work tirelessly, improve products repeatedly, and raise 99% to 99. 99%。

2. Rigorous and meticulous. Not opportunistic, we must ensure the quality of each component, adopt strict testing standards for products, and never deliver them easily if they fail to meet the requirements. [ 1]

3. Patience, concentration and persistence. Constantly improve products and services, because real craftsmen will never stop pursuing progress in their own professional fields, and they are constantly improving their materials, designs and production processes. [2]

4. Professional dedication. The goal of craftsman spirit is to create the best quality products in this industry, which is unmatched by other peers.

Third, practical significance-"artisan spirit" has important learning value in today's enterprise management.

Today's society is impetuous, pursuing the immediate benefits brought by "short, flat and fast" (less investment, short cycle and quick results), thus ignoring the quality soul of products. Therefore, enterprises need craftsman spirit more to succeed in the long-term competition. When other enterprises are keen on the cycle of "circling money, killing a product, producing new products and circling money again", enterprises that adhere to the "artisan spirit" rely on their own beliefs and beliefs to watch their products constantly improve and perfect, and finally become the pride of many users through high-standard experience. Whether they are successful or not, their spirit is completely enjoyed and refined.

Why are the products of many enterprises in China of poor quality? Although there are many reasons, it can be summed up in one aspect, that is, the process is not rigorous enough. An important reason why the quality of China's products is not as good as that of Japan is that people are more rigorous than us and have the spirit of artisans.

Enterprises cannot blindly learn and introduce Japanese-style management. What is most worth learning from Japanese management is a spirit, not a specific practice. This spirit is the craftsman spirit. The so-called craftsman spirit, first of all, is to love what you do more than the money it brings you; The second is to strive for perfection and elaborate production. Lean management means "fine" and "profit". In the Japanese concept, you raise it from 60% to 99% and from 99% to 99%. 99% is a concept. They are not competing with others, but with themselves.

Agricultural production: Craftsman spirit is the product of industrial economy era and the requirement of refined production, which is also applicable to agricultural production. In terms of agricultural production, it is actually to ensure food safety from the source. From planting, raw materials, fertilizers, land, etc. It should be guaranteed to be safe, and its quality and quality. Here, the spirit of artisans is also needed. [6]

Craftsman spirit Enterprise development: Craftsman spirit requires enterprises to ponder their own products like craftsmen, strive for perfection and stand the test and scrutiny of the market. The core of craftsman spirit is that enterprises should pursue scientific and technological innovation and progress. If enterprises are the economic lifeline of a country, then enterprises with scientific and technological innovation and progress as the main body are the source of national rejuvenation and the source of national wealth increase.

Craftsmanship falls on the level of entrepreneurs and can be considered as entrepreneurship. Specifically in several aspects: First, innovation is the core of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs seek new business opportunities from innovation through comprehensive innovation from product innovation to technological innovation, market innovation and organizational form innovation. After receiving the innovation dividend, they continue to invest to promote innovation and form a virtuous circle. Second, dedication is the driving force of entrepreneurship. With professionalism, entrepreneurs will have inexhaustible motivation to devote themselves wholeheartedly to the enterprise, take innovation as their responsibility, and make products and enterprises competitive. Third, persistence is the background of entrepreneurship. When the economy is at a low point, others may choose to quit, but only entrepreneurs will not quit. Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, a large number of entrepreneurs with courage, knowledge and skills have emerged in China, but some entrepreneurs lack entrepreneurial spirit. It can be said that the decline of entrepreneurship is a hidden worry of economic development.

Fourth, "Kao Gong Ji": "Craftsman spirit" is not imported. In China, craftsmen have existed since ancient times.

The earliest handicraft monograph Kao Gong Ji, which existed in the early Warring States period, roughly divided the social composition into six categories: princes, literati, hundreds of workers, business travelers, farmers and women workers. The so-called "six jobs in the state, one hundred workers live in one place".

During the Warring States Period, China people regarded excellent craftsmen as "saints" with the ability to "save the world". They can "flash gold as a blade, fix soil as a tool, build cars on land and build boats on water." As the saying goes, "those who know are lucky, those who are clever keep them, and the world calls them work." Everything is done by saints. "

The description of China's traditional craftsmen in the Dunhuang documents of the late Tang Dynasty is as follows: "Workers are also artists, and they don't hide officials, farmers or businessmen ..... Although they have no official career, they are often able to help the world. This worker is great. " This is a brave tribute to the skillful craftsman and the highest recognition of the craftsman spirit. In addition, there are the long-standing mainstream values of China tradition, such as being sage inside and king outside, self-cultivation and family harmony.

Duan Yucai, a native of the Qing Dynasty, said in the annotation of Shuowen Jiezi: Artisans are commonly called carpenters and ordinary workers. Say it again: all workers are called workers.

Luban, a skillful craftsman, has always been regarded as a lifelong pursuit by craftsmen in China. In addition to his superb skills, Zhuangzi also created a large number of images of skilled craftsmen. The inheritor of the article "Sheng Da", "regardless of ambition, it is condensed in God", and sticks to the cicada; Zi Qing said, "The success of cutting firewood is shocking."

Taoism is natural and conforms to heaven. This is the highest realm of artisans.

Five, idioms about craftsmen:

Dove's workers and materials: 叴: pǐ, get ready and equip. Gather craftsmen and prepare materials.

Good craftsman: good worker: skilled worker; Skilled craftsman: A skilled craftsman. Refers to a skilled craftsman.

A good worker has pains: a good worker is a skillful craftsman. Describe the works of excellent artists, who all do their best in the creative process.

If there is carpentry in the mountains, measure it: measure it: draw a picture. There are trees on the mountain that craftsmen can use. Metaphor means that a person must have both ability and political integrity before he can be reused.

Face review: refers to craftsmen making utensils, carefully examining the advantages and disadvantages, and handling materials according to different situations. Also refers to the terrain. Famous craftsmen in history:

Ou Yezi, Ganjiang, Mo Xie: blacksmith, sword maker.

Shang Gao: A mathematician in the Western Zhou Dynasty around 1 100 BC. Pythagoras theorem was first put forward, more than 500 years before Pythagoras, an ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher.

Ding Huan: a famous craftsman and inventor in the Western Han Dynasty. There have been many inventions, one of which is the invention of "incense burner", which is similar to today's air conditioner.

Wei Boyang: a native of Shangyu (now Shangyu County, Zhejiang Province). Living 1800 years ago, the alchemist in the Eastern Han Dynasty (alchemy is smelting) was honored as "the king of immortal classics" by later generations. After years of practical experience, I wrote the book of changes, an immortal work, which is the first existing smelting work in the world.

Dai Kui: A famous stone carver in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Modest and skillful, it is said that he carved the Longmen Buddha statue in Luoyang.

Pei Xiu is an outstanding cartographer in China. He presided over the completion of China's earliest historical atlas, Gong Yu Area Map and Abbot Topographic Map. The "six-body map" created in practice became the earliest map theory in the world.

Wu Huaiwen: (Date of birth and death unknown) A famous metallurgist in the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China. A new steelmaking method was created, which was later called "casting steel method" or "block steel method". This is an outstanding achievement and creation in China's metallurgical history and occupies a certain position in the world's steelmaking history.

Liu Zhuo: A native of Changting, Xindu (now Jixian County, Hebei Province), was a scientist in Sui Dynasty. Liu Zhuo wrote all the research results of his life into the Almanac, and his greatest achievement was to put forward the quadratic interpolation formula with equal spacing, which was the first time in the world. Li Chun: Bridge builder in Sui Dynasty (bridge expert). Now people in Xingtai, Hebei Province are all in the city. Zhao Zhouqiao (Anji Bridge) was built from the 15th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty to the beginning of Daye (595 ~ 605). Zhao Zhouqiao survived 1500 years, which is one of the wonders in the architectural history of China. Zhao Zhouqiao has a long history, unique structure and beautiful shape, ranking first in Zhao Zhouqiao in the world, which embodies Li Chun's sweat and hard work. Li Chun became the first bridge expert in the architectural history of China and even the world.

Li Bing: A water conservancy expert in the Warring States Period, also known as Lu Hai, was a famous water conservancy engineering expert in the Warring States Period. From 256 BC to 25 BC1year, he was appointed as the magistrate of Shu County (now Chengdu) by Zhao Haoqi, king of Qin. During this period, Li Bing managed water and created outstanding achievements. The guiding ideology of his weir construction is the Taoist thought of "Taoism is natural" and "harmony between man and nature". He recruited migrant workers to set up many water conservancy projects in the Minjiang River basin, among which Dujiangyan water conservancy project co-chaired by him and his son is the most famous. For thousands of years, this project has laid a solid foundation for Chengdu Plain to become a land of abundance. In memory of Li Bing and his son, the Erwang Temple was built in Dujiangyan. Dujiangyan has become a famous scenic spot.

Kuai Xiang: The designer of Tiananmen Square was called Kuailuban. Kuaixiang carefully planned the materials and structure, and the tenon-mortise rivet skeleton was combined accurately and firmly. Kuaixiang also skillfully used the architectural art of Jiangnan. He used Suzhou colored paintings and glazed tiles to make the halls and pavilions look magnificent. Kuai Xiang is not only good at carpentry, but also has a high artistic talent and aesthetic consciousness. According to records, Kuai Xiang can draw dragons with both hands, exactly the same, and his skills are perfect. At that time, when building palaces and castles, he could draw design drawings with a little calculation. After the construction is completed, the size of the building is exactly the same as the design drawing. 1420, after the completion of Chengtianmen (Tiananmen Square), it was praised by everyone and called "Kuailuban".

Ding Wei Song Dynasty-Kill Three Birds with One Stone

In the auspicious symbol, fire is forbidden. At that time, Princess Jinding returned to the palace, suffering from a long way to borrow soil. The people ordered him to dig a passage to borrow soil, and it became a huge graben in a few days. Decided to plunge water into the ravine, draw a bamboo raft, and transport miscellaneous materials from the ravine to the palace gate. When it was over, it turned into a street by rejecting rubble and dust. Kill three birds with one stone and save hundreds of millions of dollars.

During the reign of Xiangfu, there was a fire in the palace. Ding Gongjin was ordered to repair the burned palace, but it was difficult to borrow soil. Ding ordered craftsmen to dig in the street. In a few days, the street turned into a deep ditch. Ding ordered craftsmen to introduce the Bianhe River into the ditch, and then used many bamboo rafts and boats to transport the materials needed to repair the palace into the palace along the water in the ditch. After the palace was restored, the burnt-out equipment and redundant building materials were filled into the dug deep ditch, and the streets were filled again. This did three things in one fell swoop and saved hundreds of millions of dollars.

Further reading: Why did China lose its craftsmanship, while the Japanese didn't?

"Craftsman spirit", a word with ancient flavor, was written into China's work report.

In the history of China, craftsmen have been emerging one after another. Luban, a skillful craftsman, has always been a representative of craftsmen. More recently, the 20 15 CCTV documentary "Great Country Artisans" also introduced many top-notch first-line skilled workers. The recently hit documentary "I am repairing cultural relics in the Forbidden City", the technicians engaged in the restoration of precious ancient lacquerware, inlays, embroideries, woodwork, bronzes, porcelain, calligraphy and painting also have the characteristics of craftsmen-patience, slowness, persistence and a small amount. China has a long tradition of handicraft industry, the craftsman not fade away, but the craftsman spirit has become the scarcest and most inspiring thing in China society today.

Something.

China people's pursuit of craftsman spirit has never been so strong as it is today. Japanese tourists have already turned their eyes from assembly line products such as rice cookers and toilet lids to handicrafts made by craftsmen. A kitchen knife, a teapot made of Nantie, even a pair of scissors and a lunch box should be brought back from Japan.

Why didn't Japan lose its craftsmanship? Japanese folklorist Liu Zongyue said: "I think the beauty of craftsmanship is ultimately the beauty of order. If there is no normal social environment, there will be no beauty of craftsmanship. The rise and fall of beauty and the rise and fall of society are synchronized in history. Saving craft is saving society. Ugly craftsmanship is a reflection of ugly society. "

1. Craftsman spirit is to achieve the ultimate by hand.

To understand the spirit of Japanese craftsmen, you can see the following details.

1. In the documentary "The Craftsman's Talent" filmed by NHK, twenty craftsmen have their own unique skills, but their utensils, such as hourglass, Japanese-style git, carp flag, southern broom, seal, clogs, scissors, baseball gloves, etc., are all necessary daily necessities in life, not special works of art.

Japanese and hippopotamus chefs pay attention to the art of "five senses": appreciating the beauty and exquisiteness of hippopotamus chefs with eyes, the aroma of hippopotamus chefs, the touch of the tongue, the touch when holding and cutting fruits, the delicacy of hippopotamus chefs, and the sound when tasting hippopotamus chefs.

2. Among Japanese handicrafts, Liu Zongyue recorded the process of making wooden funnels that he saw in Utsunomiya when he traveled to Japan. Wooden funnels are used to hold wine or soy sauce, and they are made of wood. Because wood does not change the taste of food like metal, formal hotels use wooden funnels. It is such a cheap wooden funnel that it will take four years to dry thoroughly after the prototype is made, and the wood can be further processed after it is stabilized. Japan's TBS TV's "Future Heritage" program once introduced the practice of southern brooms. Craftsman Takakura de Sabro grows plantagenet himself. After threshing and drying, Takakura de Sabro selects qualified materials from the broom harvested every year. He made more than 60 kinds of brooms, some of which took three years.

The Japanese national treasure, Tongzi Che Angang, was made by the famous craftsman Angang who lived in the luxury country of heian period. It is said that the original owner is Yuan, and it is now in the Tokyo National Museum. )

3. The characteristic of Japanese Dao is that under the condition of relatively backward production technology, with the skill and experience of craftsmen, it creates products with quality beyond imagination. In the absence of modern steelmaking technology, forgers forge carefully selected "Jade Steel" (sponge iron) blanks to adjust the carbon content and distribution. This process not only determines the hardness and toughness of the knife, but also forms different textures such as waves, kinks and tree wheels. These textures are called "ground muscles" and have a unique decorative effect. In addition, the wonderful bending curvature of the blade is not knocked out, but comes from the heat treatment process.

4. In the movie "Where, where, where, God goes to the village", the lumberjack who goes to the village keeps pruning the side branches to get a big tree with straight trunk, no scars and even distribution of annual rings, so every wood cut by God when he goes to the village can fetch the highest price in the trading market. However, planting trees is something that cannot be harvested in a short time. The trees cared for by this generation of loggers are often cut down by future generations after a hundred years. Whether the trees grow well or not can only be seen after death. But no lumberjack is lazy. Like their ancestors a hundred years ago, they not only consider the here and now, but also consider the future of future generations. We will make practical utensils by hand, treat occupation and labor with respect and sincerity, strictly abide by various technological requirements with a correct attitude, and realize the extraordinary performance of utensils, and get something for nothing, get something for nothing, and get something for nothing. This is the craftsman spirit.

2. In the environment of class solidification, employees gain the dignity of life by craft.

The emergence of the craftsman class makes the craftsman spirit sprout and develop. In Japan, craftsmen are called "workers".

Japan's "professional" class was formed in the Edo period. At the end of the Warring States period, Japanese cities only had "cities" (castles) where lords lived. Lords live in cities, while soldiers and citizens live under city gates (towns). After the population concentrated in the city, in order to meet the needs of the upper class, the Japanese craftsman class gradually separated from the farmers and mixed with the businessmen, and was called "the town people". at present

Many cities in Japan developed from Shimonoseki at that time, and many still retain the names of towns, such as Wardrobe Town, Tanya Town, Siwu Town, Woodworking Town and so on.

In the Edo period, the social stratum was relatively fixed, and "professional man" became the fixed title of craftsman. This class has gradually developed and formed its own rules and customs.

In the handicraft industry, the highest position is the knife maker. This is determined by the martial custom in Japan. Especially after the political system of Kamakura shogunate relying on samurai to maintain its rule was established, the worship of swords made the atmosphere of sword-making extremely strong. Legend has it that Gotobajoko once recruited famous craftsmen to set up the "Royal Fan Forging" system and personally participated in the production. In Japanese history, making swords is regarded as the most technical profession in the craft, and even swordsmen have been awarded the title of big name. Knife makers have a high status, and there are a large number of carpenters (big workers, mainly working in wood structures), as well as weavers, painters, potters and metalworkers.

The emergence of Japanese craftsman class promoted the germination of craftsman spirit. One argument is that in the Edo era, the identity of craftsmen was hereditary, and the solidification of classes made people from all walks of life comfortable with the status quo, thus taking doing their own thing as a way to realize the value of life. In addition, Japanese craftsmen were not valued at that time. They have a competitive mentality and hope to shock each other with their own technology. Therefore, they have an almost conceited self-esteem.

Japanese people have many national characteristics that are very suitable for handicrafts and manufacturing. For example, they have an instinct to complicate simple things to the extreme. There is also a saying among Japanese companies that what can be done in one hour is better in two hours.

Behind a top professional is the dual cultivation of skills and attitudes.

There is always emotion, morality and even religion behind a good work. "The God of Sushi" Jiro Ono's understanding of sushi is full of philosophical meaning-it is an art accurate to the second, and the life of holding sushi is as short as cherry blossoms. It is necessary to use the best ingredients, make them at the best time and with the most accurate skills, so that guests can enjoy them the most and live up to the wishes of sushi staff.

Japanese workers are good at physical properties and conform to nature, which is also the basis of the healthy and natural beauty of Japanese craft products. Japan is rich in all kinds of wood, including soft tung, fir, pine and cherry, as well as hard beech, chestnut and oak. The unique conditions made the Japanese interested in wood. The quality of straight wood grain and wood grain is very fine, so no citizens will classify the wood in other places so carefully. According to the documents describing the work of traditional wooden house craftsmen, trees should be cut down at a specific time, and their growth state should be recorded, and the houses should be arranged as much as possible according to the original condition when making. For example, the trees on the sunny side of the hillside are used to make the sunny side of the house, and the wood on the shady side is used on the back. The specific orientation is also as original as possible, which will make the whole house in harmony with the natural state of trees.

The Japanese working class has a tradition of advocating penance, and demands to devote themselves wholeheartedly to the cause and make progress day by day. The documentary "The God of Sushi" depicts the road of skill training for top professionals in Japan. Before becoming a sushi worker, an apprentice must first learn to twist towels for guests. The towel is very hot, it will be hot at first, but you can't touch the fish until you learn to twist the towel. Then, learn to cook fish with a knife; It will be ten years before you can learn to fry eggs.

A person's dedication in creation also includes taking responsibility for quality with his life. Koda Rohan's novel Five Towers reflects the extreme sense of professional responsibility of Japanese workers who died in the line of duty. On the eve of the inauguration ceremony, this quintuple wooden tower encountered an unprecedented storm. Carpenter 10 soldiers in charge of building the tower climbed to the top of the tower with six chisels in the storm, intending to commit suicide once the tower was damaged.

Japanese workers still shine brilliantly in modern big industry.

The exquisite craftsmanship and pious attitude of cultivating utensils in the traditional craft field have been passed down in modern Japanese manufacturing industry. In materials, chemicals, precision machinery, precision measuring instruments and other industries. Small and medium-sized enterprises in Japan have shown strong manufacturing capabilities. Most of these enterprises have only a few to dozens of employees, but each of them has skilled craftsmen who are good at refining, refining, specializing and deepening various products with unparalleled precision technology and unique manual technology.