Gulliver’s Travels chapter summary and reflections

In the first chapter, the author briefly describes himself and his family - the original motivation for traveling - the shipwreck at sea, escaping by swimming - the safe landing in Lilliput - being captured and escorted to the mainland. Chapter 2 The Emperor Lilliput, accompanied by several nobles, came to see the imprisoned author—Describe the appearance and dress of the emperor—The scholars were ordered to teach the author the native language—He won the favor of the emperor by his docility— Pockets were searched, knives and pistols were confiscated. Chapter 3 The author performed a very unusual game for the emperor and the male and female nobles - describing the various amusements in the court of Lilliput - the author accepted certain conditions and obtained Freedom. Chapter 4 describes the capital of Lilliput, Myldundo, and the royal palace - the author discusses imperial affairs with a minister - the author expresses his willingness to serve the emperor and fight against the enemy. Chapter 5 The author uses special strategies to prevent Enemy invasion—Conferred high honors—Emperor Blefuscu sent envoys to sue for peace—The Queen's palace was on fire; the author helped to save the rest of the palace. Chapter 6 Concerning the Condition of the Inhabitants of Lilliput: Their Academics, laws, customs and methods of educating children - the author's way of life in the country - he defended a noble lady. Chapter 7 The author received news that there was a conspiracy to accuse him of serious treason, and had to flee to Blefuscu - he was welcomed there. Chapter 8 The author luckily found a way to leave Blefuscu, and after experiencing some difficulties, returned to his homeland safely. Volume 2 Travels of Brobdingnag The first chapter describes a big storm; the captain sent a long sampan to get fresh water; in order to see where it was, the author went with the long sampan - he was thrown on the shore; he was caught by a local, Then taken to a farmer's house - where he was entertained and several incidents occurred - a description of the local residents. Chapter 2: A description of the farmer's daughter - the author was taken to a market town and then to the capital ——Details of the journey. Chapter 3 The author is summoned to the palace——The queen buys him from his peasant master and presents him to the king——He debates with His Majesty’s great scholars——The court provides the author with A room--He won the favor of the Queen--He defended the honor of his country--He quarreled with the Queen's dwarf. Chapter 4 A description of the country--Suggestions for revising the modern map--A sketch of the King's palace and capital ——The author's way of traveling ——Description of the main temples. Chapter 5 Several adventures experienced by the author ——The execution of a criminal ——The author's performance of navigation skills. Chapter 6 Several ways the author pleases the king and queen Method - he showed his musical talent - the king inquired about the situation in England, and the author's narrative about it - the king's opinion. Chapter 7 The author's love for the motherland - he proposed a proposal that was extremely beneficial to the king Suggestions were rejected - the king knew nothing about politics - the country's learning was very imperfect and narrow - the country's laws, military and political parties. Chapter 8 The king and queen visited the frontier - the author Attendant - The author describes in detail the circumstances of his departure from this country - his return to England. Volume 3: Laputa Balni Babi Ragnaggara Great Cone Japan Tour Chapter 1 The author begins his third voyage - Captured by pirates - a vicious Dutchman - he came to an island - he was admitted to Leputa. Chapter 2 The Character and Temper of Leputa's Others - Their Learning - The King and His The Court—The reception the author received there—The fears and uneasiness of the inhabitants—The condition of the women. Chapter 3. A Phenomenon Solved in Modern Philosophy and Astronomy—The Great Advances in Astronomy of the Leputans— The King's Means of Suppressing Rebellions. Chapter 4 The Author's Departure from Laputa - He is Sent to Barnibaby - Arrival at the Capital of Barnibaby - Description of the Capital and Its Suburbs - The Author's Attitudes to a Noble Reception - his conversation with the nobles. Chapter 5 The author got permission to visit the Academy of Sciences in Lagdo - Overview of the Academy of Sciences - the academic studies studied by the professors. Chapter 6 Let's talk about the Academy of Sciences - the author puts forward several suggestions for improvement, all of which It was honored to be accepted. Chapter 7 The author left Ragdo - arrived at Maldonada - there was no boat available - took a short voyage to Dagre - and was received by the local chief executive. Chapter 8 Overview of Le Dazue (continued) - revision of ancient and modern history. Chapter 9 The author returns to Maldonada - sails to the Kingdom of Ragnagg - the author is detained - escorted to the court - he is received

situation—the king was very lenient to his subjects. Chapter 10. The Luggnags were praised by the author—a detailed description of "Strudbrugg"; the author discussed the subject with some famous persons. 11. The author left Luggnagg and sailed to Japan - from there he took a Dutch ship to Amsterdam, and then returned to England from Amsterdam. In the first chapter of the fourth volume of Houyhnhnms' Travels, the author went sailing and became a captain - —His subordinates plotted evil and confined him in a cabin for a long time, and then abandoned him on an unnamed land. —He entered this country. —A description of a strange animal "Yahu".-The author met two "Hyhnhnms" ". Chapter 2 The author was led home by a "Hyhnhnms" - the description of the house - the author's reception - the food of the "Hyhnhnms" - the author felt pain because he could not eat meat, but finally found The author found the solution - the way he eats in this country. Chapter 3 The author received help and guidance from the owners of the "Hyhnhnms" and carefully studied their language - an introduction to this language - several "Houyhnhnms" The nobleman came to visit the author out of curiosity - he briefly reported his voyage to the master. Chapter 4 The view of authenticity of "Hyhnhnms" - the master disagreed with the author's statement - the author described his life experience in more detail and travel experiences. In Chapter 5, the author is ordered to report to his master about the situation in Britain - the reasons for wars between European monarchs - the author begins to explain the British Constitution. Chapter 6 talks about Britain under Queen Ann again - in European courts The character of a prime minister. Chapter 7 The author's love for the motherland - the master expresses his views on the British constitution and administration based on the author's narrative, and proposes similar examples for comparison - the master's views on human nature. Chapter 8 The author Narration of several situations about the "Yahoo" - the great character of the "Hyhnhnms" - the education and movement of young "Hyhnhnms" - their national congress. Chapter 9 The "Houyhnhnms" National Congress is in progress The great debate, how the outcome of the debate was decided - the scholarship of the Houyhnhnms - their architecture - their funerals - their language flaws. Chapter 10 The author's daily life arrangements, he and the Houyhnhnms in A happy life together - because he often talked to them, he made great progress in morality - their conversation - the author was informed by his master that he had to leave the country - he was very sad and fainted to the ground, but still Complied - he managed to build a small boat with the help of a servant, and ventured out to sail. Chapter 11 The author's dangerous voyage - he reached New Netherland, intending to settle there - was shot with an arrow by a native Shot and wounded - captured by the Portuguese and forcibly taken to their ship - the captain's warm reception - the author's return to England. Chapter 12 The author's account is authentic and reliable - his plan to publish this book - his Condemns those travelers who distort the facts - The author declares that he has no sinister purpose in writing - Objections to which the author replies - Methods of establishing colonies - The author praises the motherland - He does not believe that the king has the right to occupy the islands he describes Countries - the difficulty of conquering those countries - the author bids his final farewell to the readers; talks about his future lifestyle; gives advice; the travelogue ends. Summary of the story The novel takes the surgeon Gulliver's four voyage adventures as a clue , a book consists of four parts. Volume One: Lilliput (Lilliput) The surgeon Gulliver was in danger during the voyage, escaped from death, drifted to Lilliput (Lilliput), and was killed by the villain The people were tied up and presented to the king. Gulliver's meek performance gradually won the favor of the king and the people, and he gradually became familiar with the customs and habits of the Lilliputian Kingdom. With Gulliver's help, the Lilliput Kingdom was defeated. He defeated the "Brefusku" empire, which was also a Lilliputian country, but Gulliver was unwilling to destroy the "Brefusku" empire, which made the emperor very unhappy. At this time, a fire broke out in the queen's palace, and Gulliver became anxious and wise. , peed to put out the fire, but who knew it made the queen very angry. So, the king and ministers of the Lilliput Kingdom worked together to get rid of Gulliver. When Gulliver heard the news, he quickly escaped from Lilliput, and later came to to the ancient empire of Blefus, and finally returned to England safely. Volume 2: Travels of Brobdingnag (Brobdingnag in the country of adults, the author is Brobdingnag in the original manuscript) In his mind, he was a giant, but once he arrived at Brobdingnag, he was as small as a weasel in the field. When Gulliver went to sea again, he encountered a storm and was blown to a strange land, where the residents were as tall as Iron Tower, he was brought back as a plaything by a farmer in the adult country. In order to make money, the farmer put Gulliver into a suitcase as a trinket and took it to various towns.

He put on an exhibition and let him perform tricks for people to watch. Later, he was bought by the queen and was able to help the king. The king summoned him, and he made an impassioned speech, boasting about the greatness of his motherland, his political wisdom, and the justice of the law. One by one, he was criticized and refuted by the king. In the third year of his stay in the country, Gulliver accompanied the king on a tour of the frontier. Due to his homesickness, he pretended to be sick and came to the seaside to breathe fresh air. The eagle in the sky mistakenly took him there. The box was picked up like a turtle. Several eagles fought for it in the air. The box fell into the sea and was discovered by a passing ship. After Gulliver was rescued, he returned to England by ship. Volume 3: Laputa and Barnabas A travel diary of Bee, Luggnagg, Gulliver, and Japan (flying island country). After staying at home for a while, Gulliver went to sea again with the "Good Hope". This time, the ship Gulliver was on was attacked by pirates. Hijacked, Gulliver narrowly escaped and was rescued by a flying island called "Leputa". These people had abnormal looks, strange clothes, and meditated all day long. The king and nobles lived on the flying island, while the common people lived on the flying island. Living on three islands including Balnibaby. After Gulliver left the flying island, he came to Balnibaby for a visit and visited the "Lagado Academy of Sciences" on the island. This Academy of Sciences studies The absurd subject resulted in desolation all over the country, collapsed houses, and people without food or clothing. Then, Gulliver came to Witch Island. The governor of the island was proficient in magic and could summon any ghost at will, so Gulliver met Gulliver visited many famous people in ancient times, and found that many of the records in the history books were inconsistent with historical facts, or even upside down. Then Gulliver visited the Kingdom of Ragnagg and saw a kind of immortal "Strubrog" .After leaving the country, Gulliver came to Japan, and then returned to England by boat. Volume 4: Travels to the Houyhnhnms Country. (Horse Country) Gulliver was exiled to the "Hyhnhnms Country". Horses are owned by this country. Rational residents and rulers. And "Lehu" (Yahu, Yehu, Yehu, Yehu and other names are a matter of translation) are animals raised and worked by horses. Gulliver's behavior and speech are in the Ma Min of the "Hyhnhnms" country seemed to be a rational "Lehu". Under the influence of various virtues of the "Hyhnhnms", Gulliver wanted to stay in the "Hyhnhnms" country. However, the "Hyhnhnms" The country decided to eliminate Lehu there. Therefore, Gulliver's wish could not be realized. In desperation, Gulliver had no choice but to leave the country in a small boat and return home. Gulliver cherished the yearning for the "Hyhnhnm Kingdom" throughout his life. He became friends with horses. He also rejected the secular world and was determined not to fall in love with others. Comparing Houyhnhnms and Li Hu highlighted the value of reason, kindness, and friendship in human nature and the ugliness of greed, unbelief, and jealousy.

[Edit this paragraph]Theme

The scene in Lilliput described in the first volume of the novel is a microcosm of the British Empire. The constant struggle and struggle between the Tories and the Whigs in the UK Foreign wars are essentially just politicians scheming over issues that have nothing to do with the national economy and people's livelihood. The second volume of the novel uses the King of the Great Kingdom's response to the British electoral system, parliamentary system and various political and religious measures that Gulliver is proud of. He made a sharp attack and expressed doubt and denial of various British systems and political and religious measures. In the third volume of the novel, the author directed his satire at the British philosophers at that time, scientists who were divorced from reality and indulged in fantasy, and absurd Inexperienced inventors, critics and historians who confuse right and wrong, etc. In the fourth volume of the novel, the author uses Gulliver to answer a series of questions to reveal the essence of war, the hypocrisy of the law and the shameful behavior of obtaining the duke by any means. Overview Throughout the plot of the novel, "Gulliver's Travels" has a clear political tendency. Its critical edge is focused on criticizing the British parliamentary politics and reactionary religious forces at that time. The artistic characteristics of "Gulliver's Travels" are mainly reflected in the use of satire. On the subject, sharp and profound satire is the soul of this work. Britain at that time was the object of the author's criticism and sarcasm. The first place where Gulliver's adventure took place was the Lilliputian country. In this miniature country, partisan disputes were incompatible, and neighbors Not only did they want to defeat each other, but they also wanted to enslave each other. The king of Lilliput used a rope-rope competition to select officials. In order to get a few colorful silk threads awarded by the king, the officials did not hesitate to perform ridiculous performances like a clown. This small court is The epitome of Britain at that time, even the political customs and rules and regulations of Lilliput were exactly the same as the British political situation at that time; in the second volume, the author even criticized Britain by name. Gulliver addressed the adults in a long speech The King of the United Kingdom introduced the history, system and current situation of the United Kingdom, as well as various things that justified the country and itself. However, from the perspective of the adult country, the history of the United Kingdom is full of "greed, competition, cruelty, hypocrisy, lust, insidiousness and ambition." "The consequences of this.

The author borrows the king's words that "such a humble and incompetent little insect" is "the most harmful kind of little poisonous insect crawling on the ground in nature", satirizing all aspects of British society; in the third volume, through the investigation of the Lagedo Academy of Sciences The boring and ridiculous scientific research conducted by people satirized the pseudoscience of the British at that time; the description of Laputa Island criticized the British exploitation and oppression of Ireland. The novel not only criticized the current social situation, but also on a deeper level, It directly satirizes human nature itself. In the fourth volume, the discussion about "money" is like this. Gulliver came to the Houyhnhnms (horse) country where there was no money and no army and police, and explained to his horse owner: "The wild monkeys in our area believe that, whether they use it or save it, the more money the better, and there is never enough money. Because of their nature, they are either extravagant and wasteful or greedy. The rich enjoy the fruits of the poor's labor, while the poor The ratio in number to the rich is a thousand to one. Therefore, most of our people are forced to live a miserable life...". The author notes the purely monetary relationship between people in capitalist society. And by This raises questions about human nature. When the author ruthlessly and bitterly satirizes and criticizes the British parliamentary politics and reactionary religious forces at that time, some of them are direct ridicule, some use the tongue of foreigners, some are metaphorical and sarcastic, and some are sarcastic. He uses animals to ridicule people, all of which are funny and full of expressions. The fantasy of the plot is organically combined with the authenticity of reality, which also adds unique artistic charm to the novel. Although the author presents a fictional fairy tale It is a magical world, but it is based on the reality of British social life at that time. Due to the author's precise, delicate and appropriate description, people do not feel that it is a fictional fantasy, and everything seems to be true. For example, in describing the novel When it comes to the proportional relationship between people and adults, people and things, they are always reduced or enlarged according to the ratio of one to twelve. The little people in Lilliput are twelve times smaller than Gulliver; the adults in the adult country are bigger than Gulliver. Twelve times. Gulliver’s mere handkerchief can be used as a carpet for the Lilliputian palace; the adult country peasant woman’s handkerchief, when covered with Gulliver’s body, becomes a bed sheet. In describing the movement of the flying island , when designing the architecture of the palace and the structure of the town, the author also deliberately used knowledge and data in mathematics, physics, chemistry, astronomy, medicine and other aspects. In this way, the reality, harmony and symmetry of the local details of the characters are transformed into the entire picture. The reality, harmony and unity of the scene greatly enhance the realism and appeal of the work. The author's writing style is simple and concise. For example, the article writes that Gulliver copied an official proclamation in Lilliput, which praised the king as "the universal The "King of Kings" who "supports", "has his feet in the center of the earth and the sun above his head", etc. Gulliver also calmly explained in parentheses: "The circumference is about twelve miles." With this sentence Explain that the boundless territory that "reaches the four poles of the earth" suddenly shrunk into a tiny land of less than ten miles around. This contrast is hilarious. The words in brackets show the author's simple and realistic narrative style, and he does not seem to have any intention of doing so. Commentary is just an objective and faithful explanation of Lilliput's scale for us. He once stated: "I would rather use the simplest and plainest writing to narrate ordinary facts, because I wrote this book mainly to report to you, and It is not for your entertainment." Although the scenes in Lilliput, the Kingdom of Adults, and the Houyhnhnms are different, and the situations of the protagonists are also different, the layout and style of the entire novel are consistent, and the causes and consequences of each time Gulliver goes to sea are the same. Detailed explanations, complex plots are described in order of time and space, the text is concise and vivid, and the story is strong. Therefore, for hundreds of years, "Gulliver's Travels" has been highly praised by both women and children in various European countries. The author can be translated as Jonathan Swift, Jonathan Swift, and Jonathan Swift. In addition, "The New Gulliver's Travels" has been published.

[Edit this paragraph] Famous writers Comment

Swift enriches the moral meaning of the work with humor, exposes absurdity with satire, and makes unbelievable events come true through character and narrative framework. Even "Robinson Crusoe" It is difficult to compare with it in terms of harshness and diversity of narrative. - (British) Scott "Gulliver's Travels" is a unique novel masterpiece. Like many European novels in the 18th century, it inherited the tradition of picaresque The structural method of the novel follows the popular novels describing travel experiences at that time, especially the mode of sailing adventure novels, which narrates a series of adventures of the protagonist Gulliver drifting on the sea. It is undoubtedly inspired to a considerable extent by Defoe's "Robinson". Crusoe" and some other travel adventure novels. However, although "Gulliver's Travels" is similar in form to them,

The nature is completely different. It is a further development of stories such as "The Story of the Barrel" and "The Battle of Books", and has several unique properties that are different from the realist novels that began to rise in the eighteenth century. - Wu Houkai's "A Brief Theory of Allegorical Style" "The Novel and its Literary Status" Literary History's Evaluation of "Gulliver's Travels": The work assumes that the protagonist, Dr. Gulliver, recounts his several voyages of distress and his drifting to several fairy tales: Lilliput, Adult, Flying Island and Wisdom. It comprehensively satirizes the experiences and experiences of a traditional country and pokes fun at the social reality of Britain. Among them, the social ideals of the "Adult Kingdom" and "Zhima Kingdom" although retaining the original characteristics of the patriarchal society, contain the social principles and values ??of the Enlightenment. The author exaggerates and deforms the satirical objects to the point of cruelty or even absurdity, which is similar to modern "black humor".

[Edit this paragraph] Character Analysis

Like Robinson Crusoe, Gulliver is a person who is naturally adventurous and unwilling to be lonely and chatty. He has a strong memory and is good at learning. and observation, good at thinking, with unique thinking, simple and gentle temperament, friendly attitude towards people, kind behavior, easy to interact with others, repaying kindness, a gentleman, willing to help friends, and willing to risk his life for his friends. He will always be ready to fight against anyone who is harmful to his friends. At the same time, he is smart, courageous, smooth and reasonable in dealing with things, smart in speaking, resolute and decisive in doing things, able to act according to the situation, seize every opportunity to pursue freedom, and has strong self-confidence. He believes that he can succeed. He is frank, patriotic, and very tolerant of his own face. He is full of hatred, disgust and contempt for those who are hostile to him, but he respects noble people and knowledgeable scholars. In general, he is a person with A traveler with a questioning spirit, a passion for truth, and endurance. During his travels, he saw the increasing degeneration of social reality and concluded that British society was not civilized. The image of Gulliver is the embodiment of the author's thoughts. The author endows his characters with various virtues. Gulliver does not care about personal gains and losses, but cares about others. Gulliver is a positive and ideal character. He always frankly describes his own weaknesses and mistakes, and treats others with sincerity. He did not mention a word about his own merits. He was humble and studious, and worked hard to understand new realities with new eyes. He never gave up on himself. Even if he was treated as a plaything and traveled around for people to watch, he was still calm and composed, maintaining his own dignity and treating himself as an equal. He had the courage to help Lilliput resist foreign invasion, but categorically refused to serve the King of Lilliput's aggressive expansion policy. Flynnap (the finance minister of the Kingdom of Lilliput) was suspicious and insidious. , vicious, cunning. Related plots: Gulliver's benevolence and generosity and his military exploits in capturing the fleet of the ancient country of Blefus were appreciated by the king of the Lilliput Kingdom. Flinap was very angry and suspected Gulliver and his own When his wife committed adultery, he contacted other ministers to frame her and slandered her, and finally forced Gulliver to flee to Blefuscu. Skairius (the admiral of the Kingdom of Lilliput) was jealous, insidious, and cunning. Related plots: The king of Lilliput was very ambitious. During the war with neighboring Blefus, Gulliver crossed the strait and captured most of the fleet of Blefus. From then on, Gulliver was reused by the king of Lilliput. The Swiss were very dissatisfied and conspired with the finance minister to murder Gulliver. King Brobdingnag was an enlightened king who was knowledgeable, rational, benevolent, and capable of governing the country. Related plots: King Brobdingnag was very knowledgeable. He is wise and kind-hearted. He governs the country with reason, justice and kindness. He hates the despicable politicians and bloody wars mentioned by Gulliver. The king of the Houyhnhnm Kingdom is wise, diligent and brave, kind and friendly, just and honest - the author The ideal human being in my mind. The villain king and queen are stingy, vain, and cruel.

[Edit this paragraph] Reader comments

When I first saw this book, I thought it was a novel like "Robinson Crusoe". But when I opened the book and read the preface, I realized that it was a satirical novel full of fairy tale color. But the fairy tale color of the novel is only superficial. Its local characteristics, sharp and profound irony are its soul. He ironically stated the characteristics of Britain at that time: "Greed, partisanship, hypocrisy, unfaithfulness, cruelty, anger, madness, resentment, jealousy, lust, insidiousness and ambition." "He wryly described the grotesque phenomenon of the reversal of man and beast: the horse became the carrier of reason, while the man turned into the inferior animal Yahoo (also known as Yahoo), which was dirty, smelly, full of feces and urine, greedy and made things difficult. He talked about human nature, which is to be willing to be enslaved by money, either extravagant or greedy. The author not only satirized various aspects of British society at that time, but I think it is more important

It denies the entire human society. Yehu represents human beings, but the protagonist hates Yehu so much. Every line in the book reveals the author's dissatisfaction with society. On the other hand, the protagonist's life with the Houyhnhnms in the Houyhnhnm country is The most unforgettable thing for him was that there would be no words indicating sin in their country, such as: deception, suspicion, cunning, etc. So their society would not have deception, suspicion, cunning, framing, conspiracy, bribery... ….That world is a place truly full of happiness and joy. So much so that the protagonist shed tears of sadness when he left there.