Fuzhou 2011—— 2012 answers to the eighth grade geography examination paper at the end of the first semester of the school year.

Mid-term review of eighth grade biomass (1) 12 (examination time: 60 minutes, total score: 100)

Multiple choice questions score (2 points for each question, ***50 points)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 12 13 14 15

answer

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2 1 22 23 24 25

answer

Squid, centipede and bat can exercise decentralization.

A, swimming, running and crawling B, walking, crawling and crawling

C, crawling, running and sailing E-mail, swimming, crawling and flying

2. Biological adaptability of structure and function For example, frogs have short forelimbs and long hind limbs, which are compatible. Exercise? ()

Climb, jump and walk

3. Introduce the relationship between exercise right B of bones, joints and muscles and running C.

First, the movement of bones and joints stretches bones and muscles, causing muscle strain.

B, the movement of bones, and the combination of sports

C, the muscles and bones around the joints are exercised BR/& gt；; Traction the muscles and bones around the joints.

Four young people should pay attention to the correct sitting and walking posture because of their skeletal characteristics ().

A, when the organic matter is less than 1/3, the elasticity of bones is easy to deform.

B When the organic matter exceeds 1/3, the bones are elastic and easy to deform.

C has one third of organic matter, and its bones are not elastic and easy to deform.

D, the organic matter is less than 1/3, and the skeleton has small elasticity and is not easy to deform.

/& gt； 5, bone marrow is located in ().

There is a qualitative gap between a, b, bone marrow cavity and bone density

C, the gap between bone marrow cavity and bone mass density D, the gap between bone marrow cavity and cancellous bone

6, the following statement is incorrect ()

, congenital reproductive animal behavior, genetic material control, to ensure that.

The ability of basic living animals

B shows that animals in the cerebral cortex have strong learning ability.

C, animal behavior needs the coordination of complex nervous system and endocrine system.

The research and development, production and living environment of animals have nothing to do with behavior.

7. Social behavior of animals (a group)

① ② Ants in chimpanzees ③ Dragonflies ④ Bees

① ② B2in ④C，①，③ E: ① ② ④。

8, in addition to the project, animal behavior ()

Herbivore b

C's owl face looks like a cat face "electronic dormancy.

one

10B's learning behavior and social behavior

C, D, the behavior of congenital feeding behavior, some rare "leader" animals unique to China, do not belong to mammals ()

A, baiji, golden monkey, Chinese alligator, D, giant panda.

1 1, treat animals correctly ()

First, there are many developed human and animal resources, not

Need to control the use of protected animal resources.

C, things that can't be used to protect animals are harmful to human body.

Rational development and utilization of animal resources

12, the best way to protect and utilize forest resources ()

Closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation is forbidden to cut down B until the forest area decreases and the species becomes rich first.

C, d, the implementation plan of rational felling of tropical rain forest and coniferous forest.

13, China has promulgated laws and documents to protect biodiversity, and the following laws protect it, regardless of animal diversity ().

A People's Republic of China (PRC), b Forest Law, People's Republic of China (PRC) Wildlife Protection Law, d Outline of Nature Protection, People's Republic of China (PRC) Water Law, People's Republic of China (PRC) China.

? "

14 antibiotics and diseases caused by SARS virus gene mutation. Work, because "antibiotics" ()

& gt certain fungi, bacteria and fungi

Substances that kill pathogenic bacteria

C. Some fungi produce bactericidal substances.

Substances that bacteria kill bacteria 15 Among the following options, () is the one that incorrectly describes microorganisms.

A, parasitic microorganism, belonging to consumer B, metabolic type.

Parasitic microorganisms belong to the metabolic intensity of manufacturer e.

The food chain after 16 is correct ()/> A. Bacteria of cicada mantis →→→→→ B. Mantis catches cicada yellowbird → yellowbird.

Tree → cicada → mantis → yellowbird D. Tree → cicada → mantis → yellowbird → bacteria .../17, the description of frog reproductive development characteristics is correct ().

Androgyny, in vivo fertilization, in vivo development

B, hermaphrodite, in vitro fertilization, in vitro development .../a > In vivo fertilization and water resources development of dioecious plants

In vitro fertilization of dioecious plants and development of water resources

18, male or female () to decide.

A. feng shui determines that the fetus begins to develop in about b months.

C. decide the eggs that are completely combined by male D. sperm, and what type of women.

19, the following do not belong to ()

Differences in sexual organs, differences in secondary sexual characteristics between men and women, and differences in breast development.

C drooping d, pelvic and generous differences

20 male nerve cells

A 23-pair, YB, 23 Buddha jumping wall, XC, 46 and XY 46, XX for sale.

2 1, the following four varieties belong to the non-genetic variation of chromosome number and sex chromosome ().

A pair of heads? Often parents' albino daughter B has straight hair and curly hair.

C, regular exercise, muscles? Adaptability of related characters to high-yield rice varieties

22 Resistance of the following groups ()

& gtA B blood, AB blood, yellow pea seed wheel

C, D, long-haired fine-wool sheep, white fur, when the body temperature is 280C, the cat's fur is gray, and the rabbit's hair is black.

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A, lizard body temperature control body color function.

B, the body temperature of this lizard will cause changes in body color.

C, the same phenotype, genotype is not necessarily the same.

D phenotype is genotype and environment.

24, cultivate the seeds of new crop varieties, with radiation or drug treatment, change the seed ().

Due to the interaction of A, the genetic material D of endosperm cytoplasm in seed coat B is utilized.

25. The purpose of prohibiting consanguineous marriage ().

Prevent the occurrence of hereditary disease B and prevent the spread of hereditary disease.

C and D have a narrow range of hereditary diseases, and the probability of hereditary diseases is low.

Two non-multiple choice questions (65438+ 0 for each blank, 50 minutes)

Developmental characteristics of adolescence: ① height and weight; ②

The function tends to be perfect; ③ Development and harmony

The fundamental difference between the feasibility of sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction of sexual offspring: regardless of gender; The asexual reproduction is as follows: (1) asexual reproduction; (2) The division and reproduction of new harmony. The number of asexual offspring can be rapidly propagated, and the parents, viability and some trends of offspring can be stably maintained.

Burn the remaining aggregate, with characteristic bones.

The substance was dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid and its skeleton was characterized.

29. Observe carefully and try to extract the required information. BR/>； (1) Exercise human bones, muscles and muscle groups.

(2) Figure ① Muscles, ② Muscles, and the states of correct elbow joint movements ① and ②.

& ltBR /(3) You will feel very relaxed when your hands naturally droop.

30, add the following microorganisms, they participate in brewing, food line connection (4):

① Wuliangye Liquor Lactic Acid Bacteria

② Zhenjiang balsamic vinegar B, yeast

③ Lingxi Douchi,

④ The yogurt brand rich in acetic acid bacteria develops mold.

3 1, observe the figure below and answer the question: ([] fill in the serial number, only fill in the text, one point for each [], _ _ _ _, * * 10).

(1) Female Genital Mutilation [] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Secretion of _ _ _ _ _ _ hormones

(2) location of fertilization of sperm and eggs _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The embryo is planted on the endometrium, and the fetus receives various nutrients and oxygen from the inside through the umbilical cord and placenta.

(4) The maturity of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ production is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

After the operation results of 32 embryos in the mother's body, family members answered questions about double eyelids, double eyelids and single eyelids on the basis of the investigation results.

Typical father, mother, daughter

Earlobe or earlobe.

Tongue curl curl, curl curl

Right-handed and left-handed people are usually left-handed and left-handed

(1) No matter the type of single eyelid or double eyelid, it is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, which is called single eyelid and double eyelid and inherited tongue.

(2) Parents with double eyelids are called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; Parents and daughters have curly tongues called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _;

(3) Double eyelid (A) gene is the dominant gene and the daughter genotype; & ltBR/(4) It is known that the earlobe (b) gene is the dominant gene, and the father's genotype is written;

(5) There is a% probability that the earlobe children born by husband and wife will be released.

(6) If the couple has a second child, the probability of having a son is%

(7) According to the above table, it is usually a right-handed control gene? The left hand controls gene completion, as shown in the following figure:

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Personality: domineering in hand.

33. crested ibis is a rare bird, which once lived in northern China, Japan, Korean Peninsula and Southeast Asia. In 1950s, after a large number of crested ibis appeared in China, Shaanxi, Qinling and other places, the number of crested ibis declined and almost disappeared due to the large-scale deforestation and the loss of nesting conditions. Since 1980s, after hard searching, scientists finally found that crested ibis in Yangxian Nature Reserve of Shaanxi Province is over 80 years old. According to the above information, answer the following questions:

(1) Shaanxi province was established to protect the candles in crested ibis reserve. These protective measures not only protect crested ibis, but also protect the diversity of animals.

(2), mainly due to the sharp decrease of species on the earth, it is now _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Answer multiple-choice questions (2 points for each question, ***50 points)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 12 13 14 15/>； Answer DCDBDDDCACDCB

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2 1 22 23 24 25

Answer BCCDDACCADCC

Two multiple-choice questions (each blank 1 point, ***50 points, 0.5 points deducted for each typo).

26. Brain and viscera (1)②③ Mature spore reproduction.

Sudden increase and rejection of genetic traits of the top 27 germ cells

28

Flexibility of inorganic hard and brittle organic matter

29( 1) Bone connection (2)(3) Contraction and relaxation of biceps brachii and triceps brachii

30( 1) Wuliangye Liquor-Yeast B.

② Zhenjiang Aromatic Vinegar -C and Acetobacter

③ Lingxi Douchi-D type

④ Changfu brand yogurt -A, lactic acid bacteria

31(1) [1] _ _ _ ovary _ _ _ _ _ _ female _ _

(2)_ fallopian tube [5] __ uterus _ _

(3) Egg yolk is in labor

(4)_ 280 __[7]_ _ Vagina _ _ _ _ Delivery _ _

Phenotypes of 32 (1)__ related traits

(2)__ Genetic differences _ _;

(3)AA(4)BB；

(5)50%

(6)50%

(7)

Features: handedness BR/a & gt；;

Features: Right-handed

33( 1) In situ conservation and ex situ conservation of habitats

(2) activities that undermine the legal education of the masses and manage the environment (score)

]

& lt/ Please select an option (agree with D., ***50 points. )

1, experimental observation of carp, fish often catch it and let it remove the mucus on its surface.

A. prevention B. reduction C. keeping fish moist D. ventilation science inquiry experiment or simulation, the following simulation ()

A. The experiment of investigating campus vegetation explored people's resistance to catching saliva and digesting bread B.

C. Test the germination rate of seeds and explore the harm of acid rain. A teacher prepares "acid rain". D. The body temperature of animals is constant.

① carp, ② pigeons, ③ frogs, pandas, ④ earthworm sparrows, ⑦ locusts and whales.

3。 1359⑦ B. 246⑧ C. 1233，4D。 569⑦, ⑧ and.

With the advent of the financial crisis, some enterprises laid off staff to deal with it. "Fire", do you know what kind of animal squid belongs to?

A. coelenterates B. molluscs C- crustaceans? annulata

Pattern diagram of intrinsic skeletal muscle attached to bone

Ab 2 is in d 4 of c 3.

The following animals are abnormal

A. snake B. frog C. rabbit D. pigeon Page

7.2008 Beijing Olympic Games, Liu Xiang competition, because of injury? It's embarrassing. Because of the medical injury dissected by Liu Xiang, do you know the name? The injured part? BR/> department. B abdominal joint, C cephalic joint, D tendon joint capsule.

When one hand droops naturally and the other hand touches the muscles of the upper arm, you will find the country.

A. biceps brachii contraction and triceps brachii relaxation B. biceps brachii and triceps brachii contraction

C. Relaxation of biceps brachii and triceps brachii, D. Contraction of biceps brachii and triceps brachii.

Bees of animal social behavior B. locusts CD octopus emperor penguin A chickens hatch and start looking for food on the ground. It pecked and stopped.

Chicks know that only a few plants or insects can eat chicken.

A. congenital behavior BD parenting learning behavior C. aggressive behavior

1 1 Whale lives in the ocean, breathing with lungs, giving birth and breastfeeding, so it should belong to a kind of fish in BC.

Birds, amphibians D. mammals

12。 Well said: "the words of man are the words of beasts." Communication of "Ant" Language ()

A. Dance B. Smell C. Sound D. Expression

13。 Insect feeding behavior B.

Learning behavior of agricultural pests Insect attractants trap and kill insects D. Migration behavior

14a. The communication between the main venues of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games through insects. This building is called "Bird's Nest". Which of the following is the correct "Bird's Nest" ()

A. "Bird's Nest Building Bioreactor B. Bird's Nest Building needs to use bionics principles to build a" beautiful, but not rough enough C. Bird's Nest Building is beautiful and labor and material costs.

C. the principle of bird's nest. Which of the following is?

A. the role of animals in nature, animals play an important role in maintaining ecological balance B. animals can promote

C. Material circulation in animal ecosystems can help plants pollinate and disperse seeds. D.

16 summer, moldy food and clothes, long hair, what is this? B.

A. Viruses of fungi and bacteria C. Actinomyces

17。 The refrigerator can store food overnight in the refrigerator, which will not rot and cannot be accessed because the refrigerator

A. bacteria B.

C. Sterile bacteria in refrigerator reproduce slowly D. Preservatives

18 which of the following forms of bacteria should be used?

A.BC myopia D. observation with high power microscope

19 observed with the naked eye. Use a magnifying glass in summer. It's easy to use mushrooms here ()

D. Rain B. Trees in the desert hit the beach with branches and trunks in the rain.

20。 The surgeon strictly disinfected before operation ()

A. let the patient prevent bacteria from entering the human body B.

C. It is not afraid of legal requirements, and the hospital D. The needs of patients' families/> 2 1。 Today, when living things control the world, they praise the methods of controlling pests. The main advantages of this method are

A quick B won't pollute the environment.

Loyalty and strong persistence

A. entomology b amphibian research institute c birds d

23。 Characteristic interpretation of related groups

A. A larger taxon contains more B-type taxons, while a smaller taxon contains more features of the same plant. The same characteristics are the same type of units and factories.

C. Project D. The population is smaller, and more plant species are related to the other three animals.

A. Baiji dolphin B. Cattle C.D. Bat brown eared pheasant

25

24。 . The country with the richest gymnosperms.

ABC Switzerland D. Australia

Secondly, you can fill in: (1 for each blank point, *** 15 points).

1。 The important basis of biological classification, the classification of angiosperms, is listed as an important basis; Characteristics of fungi, yeasts, molds, fungi and other groups.

2。 The reproduction of bacteria.

Protection of biodiversity, the object of protection, it includes a certain area or

Protection and management of engraving.

4。 Animals live on land and in environmental conditions.

5。 Fish lives in water, and it may have two important characteristics: one is that we can rely on food to resist predators, and the other is that it is in water.

6。 It can save the construction cost of the factory and the purchase of equipment, and reduce the complexity of the production process and the generation of certain substances by people.

Lianliankan: 0.5 (even on the front line 5)

Add connections under the biomass.

Acid rain compound eye camera

White pollution of cold light source

Packaging polluted by heavy metals such as mercury and cadmium in the greenhouse BR/ Sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere is injected into the natural environment of fireflies, and a large number of plastics are discarded.

Fly over carbon dioxide emissions

2。 Link to the following microbial related content:

"Giant panda, baiji dolphin, China crocodile, our precious wading poultry factory.

Red-crowned Crane and Silver Wood Red Rare Aquatic Mammals Unique Mesozoic Animals

Living fossil "

Judgment (0.5 points in the test paper, 5 points, correct use of "√" and misuse of "×")

Environmental resources are inexhaustible ()

The ecological balance of the country, the birth and death of creatures, and the mobile phone number of each species are often dynamic. ()

3. Long-term use of antibiotics will lead to drug resistance of bacteria. ()

4。 Robert Tiger was found in bacteria, the father of microbiology in the world. ()

5。 Bees foraging, fruit trees stocking orchard bee pollen, will lead to seed setting rate ()

The basic classification unit of classification unit and door is ()

7。 Insect flying animals are the only invertebrates. ()

Harmful fungi and some kind people. ()

Learning behavior of cobweb animals. ()

10 no teeth to speed up eating. ()

, knowledge map analysis, answers (25 points)

1。 Dear students, we have noticed that some biological laws are research? Every chapter of Animal Species Environment is permeated with useful biological viewpoints. Structure determines the function of pigeons flying in the air. Is this its function and structure adapted to it? Examples of aspects.

2(5 points) We found a beautiful butterfly, naughty sparrows and flocks of cattle and sheep in the classroom. Through the soil, you will see earthworms and frogs, which can help us to use biological knowledge. We learn to classify these animals.

(Answer, please fill in the box)

3。 (5) The picture on the right is a schematic diagram of bacteria, and the answer to the picture is: (1) Write the bacterial structure of each part ①.

(2) In plant cells, most bacteria do not

Enables you to create your own

(1) Improve the appearance of students' goldfish because

(2) Students improve goldfish, which is threatened by biodiversity.

5。 (4 points) The biodiversity information of Huaihe River Basin is written in the corresponding 1 below. In the increasingly serious pollution, 1994, a serious pollution accident broke out, resulting in Hongze County 120000 Jin of fish, 90000 Jin of shrimp and crabs and those who died in the famous Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in Jiangsu Province.

2200 years ago, imported from Europe, Australian rabbits, the fire for a while. The rabbit escaped from the wooden cage. In less than 100 years, it has been in the Australian mainland, destroying crops, conflicts between pastures and cattle and sheep, and traffic safety hazards. 319th century? According to the data, American passenger pigeons fly in groups in the eastern part of the forest, covering the sky, and millions of dollars die every year because of indiscriminate hunting. Considering that millions of pigeons were seriously damaged in the forest together, most of them were ruthlessly killed, disappeared from the wild at 1900, grew up in Cincinnati Zoo, and finally found pigeons at 19 14.

In ancient times, Shang Zhouwang hunted near Qinyang City at the southern foot of Taihang Mountain and killed seven Asian elephants. In the vassal States living in this area, large areas of forests have been cut down to open up farmland, and Asian elephants have promoted their habitats in the Yellow River basin. From 770 BC to -477 BC, the Asian elephants in the Huaihe River Basin were distributed in the south, and retreated to the south of the Yangtze River, Zhejiang and southern Fujian for 1000 years, which can be traced back to the northern boundary of the distribution of Asian elephants about 1000 years ago.

( 1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(4 points) Water hyacinth first introduced livestock and poultry feed because of the lack of knowledge of water hyacinth, resulting in an annual economic loss of $654.38 billion. ? The aquatic organisms in Dianchi Lake in Kunming are almost extinct due to the skyrocketing. This paper tries to analyze the reasons:

(1) The water hyacinth covering almost the whole Dianchi Lake is prolific and invisible to aquatic organisms.

(2) Because of the root water of water hyacinth, aquatic organisms breathed and died.

(3) Large-scale growth affects the destruction of other aquatic plants, resulting in the destruction of the entire pond ecosystem.

(4) This case illustrates that

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& gt

Reference answer

Choose an option (paper 2, ***50 points. )

1-5: bdbbb6-10: bcdab11-kloc-0/5: dbbbd16-20adca21to 25: bab.

Secondly, you can fill in: (1 minute per grid, *** 15.

Point) BR/& gt；; Seed pattern division and propagation of flowers and fruits

Land water nature reserve

Enough food and water to hide.

Swimming breathing

bioreactor

; Environmental pollution: (0.5 points, 5 points added)

Your judgment (5)

×2√3√4×5×6×7 √√9× 10×

Answer (25 points) (3 points) Please map your knowledge from five aspects: body, muscle, bone, digestion, rapid heartbeat and air bag.br/> 3(5)( 1) flagella DNA(2) chloroplast, organic matter, (3) cold water hypoxia, goldfish died 25600.

(4)(4 points) (1) Unable to get enough oxygen, resulting in death;

(2) When running water is normal or living in the sun for a period of time, chlorine bleaching powder is evaporated and released, so that goldfish can live and have enough oxygen;

(4 points) (the first volume means that the score is almost the same)

(1) pollutes the environment and leads to a sharp decline in the species and number of aquatic animals that die from water pollution.

(2) Invasion of alien species. Rabbits have no natural enemies in Australia, and the number of rabbits is expanding, which destroys the local ecological balance and endangers local species.

(3) Whether it is indiscriminate overfishing, the change of living environment will lead to the extinction of species.

(4) Sri Lanka wantonly cut down Asian elephants, which artificially destroyed the impact of sunlight on the environment.

6(4)( 1)( 2)(3) Hypoxia and ecological balance. (4) If people do not take action in production activities, it will destroy the ecological environment and ecological balance, resulting in adverse consequences stipulated by law.