The problem of traveling to Yunnan

Lugu Lake, located between Yongning, ninglang county, Yunnan Province and Zuosuo District, Yanyuan County, Sichuan Province, is surrounded by mountains. With an area of 77,700 mu and an altitude of 2,685 meters, it is the highest lake in our province, with an average water depth of more than 40 meters and the deepest point of 73.2 meters, second only to Fuxian Lake in Yunnan Province. There are 9 continents, 8 bays, 3 islands, 2 peninsulas and an island-connected lake embankment in the southwest of Lugu Lake, and Zeze Beach in the northeast. The lake is rich in Schizothorax fish and Schizothorax thick-lipped fish. Lugu Lake is also the second hometown of the black-necked crane, a key protected animal, where aquatic plants seaweed grow. The water in Lugu Lake is clear and clean, surrounded by green hills, with lush trees, exotic flowers and grasses competing to bloom, and the lakes and mountains blend together. The island in the lake is like a crouching fairy rabbit, which is very extraordinary and enters the mythical world. If you climb the Gemu Mountain lying quietly in Hubei, you will see the scattered houses around Lugu Lake, just like a circle of Phnom Penh around the lake. Mosuo girl driving a pig trough boat, wearing a pleated skirt, seems to be floating in the clouds, and waves of passionate folk songs are floating with the slow mountain wind. The magical scene makes people feel like a painting in the sky. Lugu Lake is lying on this land that smells like a mother, attracting countless friends with her mysterious charm.

Jinsha River runs like a runaway wild horse between Yulong Snow Mountain and Haba Snow Mountain. The river winds out through a canyon between two snow-capped mountains. This canyon is the world-famous Grand Canyon-Tiger Leaping Gorge. The canyon is about 16 km long and is divided into three sections: upper tiger jump, middle tiger jump and lower tiger jump. 18 rapids are arranged in the canyon. When the giant flows into a gorge against the current, the first thing you see is the "rushing beach", where strange rocks stand on both sides. The current here is swift, rolling up thousands of waves, and the waves sound like thunder. Climbing up the "Wangxiatai", I saw the snow peaks on both sides of the strait standing silently, stabbing the sky and cutting out a heaven; From a bird's eye view, Jinsha River winds through the mountains like a dragon shining in the sun. It is also embedded in a deep valley like a silver chain. Climbing from the "Wangxiatai" to the rock wall, I reached the Tiger Leap. The narrowest part of the river here is only 30 meters, and there are many huge stones lying across the river, such as evil tigers crouching, such as Dr. Lions lying across. The water collided with the splash splashed on the boulder, soaring several meters high, as turbulent as the tide, and crouching in the rapids was a "jumping tiger stone". According to legend, a tiger once jumped over the river and onto the other side, hence the name "Tiger Leaping Gorge". Moving on, I saw the cliff of Haba Snow Mountain like a knife and axe. The plank road between rocks is tied to the ground like a sliding rope, and at the same time, you can see the frightening "slippery slate" Only in the face of such danger can you realize how appropriate the metaphor of "a monkey cries when it sees it, and an eagle flies when it sees it". After crossing the "slippery slate", we reached the Tiger Leap. I see many rocks in the middle of the river, and the cliffs on both sides of the river are perpendicular to the sky. Looking up, the sky was cut into several irregular geometric patterns. Looking down at your feet, Jiang Tao was growling and growling. Looking at Tiger Leaping from a distance, those Tiger Leaping stones that are not afraid of swirling flow, such as monsters beating waves, are full of fun. After leaving Tiger Leaping, you can watch two waterfalls of Haba Snow Mountain on the way, and you can reach "Mantianxingtan" in a short time. But seeing the rocks in the middle of the river seems like stars all over the sky. Xu Xiake, a famous traveler in the Ming Dynasty, said that this place is: "It's a cave, and neither land nor water can be traced back."

The mysterious and peculiar Yulong Mountain

On the northwest Yunnan plateau south of Hengduan Mountains, there stands a snow-capped mountain like an ice sculpture and jade carving. It is the Yulong Snow Mountain in Lijiang, which means that "only the stars can shine at its top, but Peng Kun can't fly whenever it wants". Thirteen peaks of Yulong Snow Mountain are arranged vertically in the north and south, about 35 kilometers long in the north and about 12 kilometers wide in the east and west, and run down with Haba Snow Mountain and the surging Jinsha River. The main peak is a steep fan with an altitude of more than 5596 meters. It rises from the ground and goes straight into the sky. Magnificent, magnificent. The mountains are covered with snow all year round, bright as crystal jade and brilliant as 13 sword. Against the blue sky, it is like a silver dragon dancing forever, hence the name "Yulong Mountain".

Yulong Mountain attracts poets and writers from all over the world with its wonderful scenery. All the people who came here were full of ideas and inspiration, and wrote one poem after another. As far back as 700 years ago, Jing Li, a native of Yuan Dynasty, was full of praise for Yulong Snow Mountain. He wrote affectionately: "Lijiang Snow Mountain is unparalleled in the world, with thousands of jade piles and skyscrapers on its back, and Hua Zhen is two mountains." Comparing Yulong Mountain with the famous Huashan Heng Yue at home and abroad, the four-season skyscraper and snowy scene are vividly outlined. Xu Xiake, a famous geographer and traveler in Ming Dynasty, saw the majestic posture of Yulong Mountain from a distance and wrote: "Snow Mountain stands at one finger and looms in the sky." When he walked to the front of Yulong Mountain, he was even more filled with emotion: "Seeing Yulong hanging alone in front of the mountain and swinging from the valley, all won." In a word, many literati have been fascinated by Yulong Mountain, the proud son of the earth since Ming and Qing Dynasties. Mianziyun, a famous poet who drowned Lijiang, wrote: "Yulong holds his head high and looks at Dianchi Lake." Yulong Mountain is not only magnificent, but also shows thousands of customs and gestures with the changes of the four seasons and the lack of rain or shine. Sometimes the clouds are lingering, and the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain appears at first sight, just like a beauty in a deep pavilion, with an air of "there is still half a face hidden behind the guitar that we can't see"; Sometimes it is misty and rainy, and Yulong Snow Mountain is in a mysterious and ethereal atmosphere; Sometimes, faint clouds are scattered on the hills, like a beach hit by waves; Sometimes, in the blue sky of Wan Li, the peaks are like washing, shining with silver. Even among them, Yulong Snow Mountain is constantly changing. Before dawn, the outline of the peak disappeared on one side of the mountain, like a charming illusion. Suddenly, the peak was stained with a faint morning light, and the sunrise stood as a snow peak, and the sunrise and snow set each other off, magnificent and colorful; In the evening, the afterglow of sunset is painted on the top of the mountain, and Yulong Mountain is graceful, like a girl wearing a red scarf. At night, the stars are shining in the distant sky, and the dissolved moonlight is as turbulent as the high tide, shaking Yulong Mountain into a sweet dream. You can not only see the scenery of Yulong Snow Mountain, but also appreciate the charming richness of plateau grassland. You can not only enjoy the "Jade Lake Reflection", but also watch the danger of "Golden River Diversion"; You can also stand in the "Baoshan Ancient City Ruins" and meditate on this solidified history.

Old Town of Lijiang, to be exact, refers to Dayan Town, where the local administrative office and Naxi Autonomous County are located. A great researcher is a great inkstone. It is said that it is surrounded by green hills, and a clear water flows into fertile green fields. It is like a beautiful jade inkstone, spreading out in the mountains.

I have been to the old street in Tunxi, Huangshan, the water town in Zhouzhuang, Suzhou, the hutong in Beijing, the ancient city in xi 'an, and even the ancient village covered with grapes in Turpan, Xinjiang, but I have never seen Dayan's unique style of North-South compatibility and national harmony. Some people say that Lijiang has no characteristics. Just because she has her own characteristics everywhere.

The ancient town of the ancient city is antique. The word "ancient" embodies the wisdom of Naxi ancestors in building ancient towns.

The ancient city is located in the middle of the dam, with an altitude of 2400 meters. She faces Xiangshan and Jinhongshan in the north and Lion Mountain in the west. The foothills standing on the screen blocked the invasion of the northwest cold current. The southeast of the city faces dozens of fertile fields, where there is plenty of sunshine and flowers and trees are born early, which is the food of the ancient city. In June and July, the south wind in Xu Lai blew away the summer heat, bringing a rare refreshment to the ancient city.

In the center of the ancient city, there is a square market with nearly 6 acres of land, surrounded by neat shops, commonly known as "Sifang Street". This is because Lijiang is located at the junction of Yunnan, Sichuan and Kangzang traffic arteries. Since the early Qing Dynasty, business travelers from all directions have come here to trade, making Old Town of Lijiang a major commodity distribution center and handicraft production area in northwest Yunnan. Naxi language calls this place a "workbook", which means "a place where warehouses gather". Woolen goods from Tibetan areas and mountain products medicinal materials are resold from Lijiang to the mainland. Tea and daily necessities from Xishuangbanna, Fengqing and Shimonoseki were transported from Lijiang to Tibetan areas. Old Town of Lijiang shines with the brilliance of national unity and progress everywhere.

The strangest thing is that the builder skillfully called it Yuquan water. When the spring of tears flows under the double stone bridge at the head of the city, people divide the spring into three forks and pass through the streets, just like the meridians of the human body. Spring water flows all over the city, forming a convenient condition for residents to use less than 50 meters of water for washing vegetables. Walking on the street, there is water at any time, or singing or diving, which makes people fascinated. Water is an indispensable resource for human life. Only when there is water can there be life, vitality and hope for a hundred flowers to blossom. Water not only injects new vitality into Dayan ancient town, but also becomes a beautiful scenery of Dayan.

According to james hilton's novel, British diplomat Conway and his brother George helped British citizens evacuate from the danger zone. On their way home, their plane was hijacked and finally crashed in the mountains of Tibetan areas. Survivors were rescued and taken to Shangri-La. Conway found that this country established nearly 200 years ago has many incredible characteristics, and people have lived for a hundred years. People, people and everything live in peace and harmony ... Shangri-La is everything in his dream ... With the appearance of novels and movies, Shangri-La became famous in the western world, and China Guo Henian founded Shangri-La Hotel Group under this name, becoming one of the most successful hotel groups in the world. At the same time, people have been trying to find the legendary "Shangri-La", until the end of this century, people finally found:

My Shangri-La is located in Diqing. Shangri-La (Chinese translation of English shangri-la) is an eternal, peaceful and quiet area in Tibetan areas in southwest China described by the famous British novelist james hilton in his novel Lost Horizon1933. Once published, this novel immediately became a best seller, and Hollywood movies adapted from it were all the rage. Since then, Shangri-La has become a paradise and an ideal society for people in many parts of the world, especially in the western world. But where is Shangri-La? There have been different opinions for more than half a century. Countless explorers searched hard in Tibet, India, Nepal and the Karakorum Mountains, but what they saw and heard did not match the description in the book. Until the mid-1990s, an unexpected news caused a sensation at home and abroad. Various evidences prove that Shangri-La is located in Diqing, China.

Shangri-La is a transliteration of the Tibetan dialect of Diqing in English. According to various textual research, it is found that only the Tibetan language of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province in China has the pronunciation of "Shangri-La", which means the ideal world in the heart, while other Tibetan areas pronounce it as "Senginida". This shows that the word "Shangri-La" in Lost Horizon originated from Diqing Tibetan and is a typical Diqing Tibetan dialect. Secondly, in the eyes of Tibetans in Diqing, "Shangri-La" is an ideal realm where man and god coexist and man and nature live in harmony, just like the "Shangri-La" described in the novel.

Diqing's natural geographical environment coincides with Shangri-La. Diqing, which belongs to the southwest hinterland of Hengduan Mountains, has typical geographical features of Hengduan Mountains stratigraphic profile, just like Shangri-La described in Hilton's novels:

Snow Mountain Diqing has rolling, magnificent and snowy snow-capped mountains all year round, which is consistent with the description of snow-capped mountains in the novel. For example, Kavalpo, the main peak of Meili Snow Mountain, has the same shape (both pyramid-shaped) and similar name as Karakal Peak in the novel, but there are no snow mountains with similar names in other Tibetan areas in China.

The canyon is located in Bilang Canyon in the northwest of Zhongdian County and Lancang Grand Canyon in Deqin County. Abruptly steep, the stone wall is like a knife, which is exactly the same as the "Shangri-La" and the Lama Temple Valley described in the novel "Like a masterpiece, the wall stands on thousands of feet".

Meadow Diqing's lush meadow is consistent with the novel's description of the fertile blue moon valley.

In the novel, the climate of Diqing and Shangri-La are three-dimensional, that is, "one mountain has four seasons, and ten miles is different from the sky". In Tibetan areas of China, only Diqing Prefecture has the most obvious stereoscopic climate.

The fruit novel writes that tropical fruits such as bananas and mangoes can be eaten in Shangri-La. In the era described in the novel, due to the constraints of traffic and other factors, only Diqing in China Tibetan areas has this unique condition.

Diqing Gold Mine belongs to the gold belt of Jinsha River, Lancang River and Nujiang River. There are abundant gold reserves here, which have been mined for a long time in history, which is consistent with the description of "Shangri-La" rich in gold in the novel.

The prototype of Shangri-La Lama Temple is in Diqing. According to historical records, Nagra Temple in Shangri-La Grand Canyon and Dongchi Kulinji in Deqin County are large-scale and rich in collections, and monks and nuns live in one temple, which is unique in Tibetan areas of China. Shangri-La Lama Temple in East Chikulinji has many characteristics, such as carefully cultivated flowers, quiet and elegant courtyards and rich collections, which are consistent with the Shangri-La Lama Temple in the novel. Monks and nuns live in one temple, as well as blooming lotus flowers, gardens, lawns and pavilions, which are not available in other Tibetan Lama temples.

Only Diqing has a social environment like Shangri-La.

First, there are many religions. Diqing has Tibetan Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Catholicism, Christianity, Islam, Bonism, Dongba and many other religions. There are Gru, Nyima, Gaju and Sakya in Tibetan Buddhism. This is consistent with the description of religious coexistence and blending in Shangri-La in the novel, and only Diqing exists in all Tibetan areas.

Second, multi-ethnic groups live in harmony. Diqing is inhabited by Tibetans, Han, Yi, Naxi, Bai and Yi. For thousands of years, all ethnic groups have lived in harmony, merged with each other and jointly created splendid culture, which is consistent with Shangri-La, an ideal society of multi-ethnic unity and harmony praised by the novel.

Third, man and nature live in harmony. Diqing Tibetans believe that the eternity of life comes from cherishing life. They love and protect nature. The "golden mean" principle adhered to by Shangri-La society is precisely the height of this consciousness and custom.

Fourth, many traces left by foreigners According to historical records, many foreigners came to Diqing before the novel and left many foreign books. This is exactly the same as the narration in the novels about Shangri-La relics in German, British, Russian, Japanese and many foreign books.

The fifth is to rely on the caravan to contact the outside world. Before 1930s, Diqing, as closed as Shangri-La, could only rely on caravans and porters to communicate with the outside world.

The description of Diqing by oriental scholars is exactly the same as that of james hilton.

During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, Yang, a tribute to Jianchuan, wrote in Notes on the Public Village that Diqing was "unpretentious, just like Wuling Taoyuan." 1933, Liu, an exotic woman from the East, wrote in "The Continuation of the Kangzang Expedition": "From Lijiang to the west, the road is steep, such as climbing the ladder ... After three days, I suddenly saw the vast dam, the wind was clear and the moon was bright, and even the sky was fragrant, full of yellow flowers, flocks of cattle and sheep, and the curtain was four feet before I went again. It is Zhongdian County at the junction of Yunnan and Kangkang. " "my living standard is very low ... people are frugal and simple, not flashy, and have no wild desires. I work at sunrise and rest at sunset, and I don't know the world. "

To sum up, it can be completely proved that the legendary "Shangri-La" is in Diqing, and Diqing is a fascinating "Shangri-La".

Xishuangbanna, located at the southwest end of Yunnan Province, is called "Mengparanaxi" in ancient Dai language, which means "an ideal and magical paradise". It is famous for its magical tropical rain forest natural landscape and ethnic customs.

Xishuangbanna is the hometown of Dai people. Due to its proximity to Thailand, Myanmar and other Buddhist countries, Hinayana Buddhism is deeply rooted in people's hearts here, and Buddhist temples and pagodas full of Southeast Asian customs can be seen everywhere. Dai people are basically devout Buddhists.

Xishuangbanna has now become a tourist hotspot with convenient transportation. There are many Buddhist temples and stupas in the territory. The White Pagoda of Manfeilong is a model of the Buddhist Pagoda in Xishuangbanna, full of Southeast Asian sentiment. Jingzhen octagonal pavilion is also a famous Buddhist building in Xishuangbanna, which looks like a Dai bamboo building; Others, such as Mange Buddhist Temple, have a long history and are famous clubs of Hinayana Buddhism with strong incense.

When you come to Banna, you will be captured by an inexplicable shock. The mysterious rainforest in Banna, the graceful Dai customs, and the solemn Buddhist pagoda hidden under the phoenix bamboo are unforgettable.